Penicillins Flashcards
1
Q
Penicillins
A
- derived from strains of common molds
- most effective and least toxic of all antimicrobial drugs
- principle adverse effect is allergic reaction
- bacteria can develop resistance
2
Q
Cell envelope
A
- can be gram negative (hard to penetrate) or gram positive (easy to penetrate)
3
Q
Classifications of Penicillin
A
- Natural Penicllins which are bactericidal to many gram negative and positive organisms (pen G and V)
- Penicillinase resistant penicillins which are resistant to beta lactamase inactivation ( cloxacillin, dicloxacillin, methcillin, nafcillin, and oxacillin)
- Aminopenicillins or broader spectrum penicillins (amoxicillin, ampicllin, and bacampicllin)
- Extended Spectrum Penecillins which kill pseudomonas, enterobacter, and proteus (piperacillin, ticarcillin, carbenicillin, & mezlocillin)
4
Q
Nursing Management of Penicillins
A
- take history of previously used penicllins
- allergic reactions are a SIGNIFICANT problem
- DO NOT USE CEPHALOSPORINS WITH THOSE WHO ARE ALLERGIC TO PENICILLIN
- do not administer within an hour of consuming food or before consuming food
- Penicillin G do not take with acidic substances
