Flashcards in People / human resources Deck (26):
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What is meant by absenteeism and what is the formula for it?
How can absenteeism be improved?
The proportion of employees not at work on any given day
Total days off work
_________________. X100
Total days possible
Can be improved by:
Making the job more interesting and challenging
Offering attendance bonuses
Improving working conditions
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What is the chain of command
The reporting system from the top to the bottom of the hierarchy
2
Define communication flows
The way in which employees communicate within or throughout the hierarchies
3
Define delegation
Delegation is the process of passing authority down the hierarchy froma manager to subordinate
4
It is meant by external communication
The exchange of information takes place with individuals outside of the business
5
What is meant by external recruitment
Any job vacancy with an employee from outside the firm
6
What are fringe benefits
Benefits received by an employee in addition to their wages or salary four example a company car
7
What Is induction training
Education for new employees about the business usually involving learning about the way the business works rather than a particular job they'll do
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What Is internal communication
Exchange of information that takes place within an organisation for example meetings
9
DeFine internal recruitment
Filling a job vacancy by selecting a person who is already employed by the organisation
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Define what a job description is
A detailed statement of the nature of the job identifying precise tasks and responsibilities involved
11
What is job enrichment
Giving employees are greater responsibilities and offering challenges to allow them to utilise the skills that
12
What is labour productivity and what is the formula to working it out
Measurements of output per worker in a given time
Total output
________________
No. of employees
13
What is labour turnover and what is the formula to working it out
The proportion of employees leaving a business within a period of time
Number of employees leaving a business within a period of time
__________________________________________________________x100
Average amount of employees hired within that period of time
14
What does it mean if a company has tall structures with a narrow span of control
Give advantages and disagvantages
There are more levels of hierarchy with each manager directly in charge of less people
It allows for more promotional opportunities
More staff means more costs
Less delegation - lower morale and commitment
Tight supervision
Communication flow problems reporting to managers
15
What is a flat organisational structure with wide spams of control
Five advantages and disadvantages
It's a structure with less levels of hierarchy and where each manager has a lot of subordinates to manage
Managers have less time for each subordinate
Less supervision
More delegation means higher responsibility
Communication flow down hierarchy improves
Reduced costs as less level managers
16
Roughly explain the recruitment process
Job analysis
Creating a job description
Produce a person specification
Internal or external recruitment
Advertising it
Decide whether to create a application or CVs
Short list best candidates
Interview and assess candidates in person
Appoint candidate
17
What does a company have to take into consideration before recruiting
Size of the company
The funds available
The level of the job
Relevant skills or experience
18
Define training
The provision of work-related education to do with the job
19
Advantages and disadvantages of training
Advantages-
Improves efficiency and productivity
Reduces accidents and wastage
Improves the ability of an employee
Encourages working towaRds organisational goals
Disadvantages-
Can be expensive
Can be time consuming
May not be relevant or needed
20
Define and explain external and internal training
External training- training for a specific skill outside of the organisation, for example college
Internal training- where the skills are necessity to the job, for example a new computer system
21
Define on-the-job and off-the-job training giving benefits and drawbacks
On the job:
Where an employee learns a skill by seeing how it is carried out by an experienced employee...
Cheaper and takes place in a realistic working environment, however the quality of it depends on the ability of the instructor
Off the job:
Off the job includes different types of training but that in the workplace
More generic skills and knowledge, tought by experts, however is more expensive and is not unique to that company
22
Define motivation
Motivation is the will to work
23
What is Maslows hierarchy of needs and how can it apply to motivating employees
Maslows hierarchy of needs is broken into basic needs, safety needs, social needs, esteem needs and self actualisation.
Safety needs- contracted jobs, employees will feel safe in their job and won't have to worry about firing too much etc
Social needs- group work or social events allow people to form friendships with colleagues which may motivate them to perform
Esteem needs- room for promotion or promotion itself may motivate employees to perform to gain promotion, and will award them for their work if they gain it
24
What was Taylor's theory on motivation?
Taylor believed that people only work for financial gain and was a strong believer that people would be more efficient with piece work, where people were paid per item produced. He thought breaking jobs into simple, repetitive tasks
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