People / human resources Flashcards
(26 cards)
What is the chain of command
The reporting system from the top to the bottom of the hierarchy
What is meant by absenteeism and what is the formula for it?
How can absenteeism be improved?
The proportion of employees not at work on any given day
Total days off work
_________________. X100
Total days possible
Can be improved by:
Making the job more interesting and challenging
Offering attendance bonuses
Improving working conditions
Define communication flows
The way in which employees communicate within or throughout the hierarchies
Define delegation
Delegation is the process of passing authority down the hierarchy froma manager to subordinate
It is meant by external communication
The exchange of information takes place with individuals outside of the business
What is meant by external recruitment
Any job vacancy with an employee from outside the firm
What are fringe benefits
Benefits received by an employee in addition to their wages or salary four example a company car
What Is induction training
Education for new employees about the business usually involving learning about the way the business works rather than a particular job they’ll do
What Is internal communication
Exchange of information that takes place within an organisation for example meetings
DeFine internal recruitment
Filling a job vacancy by selecting a person who is already employed by the organisation
Define what a job description is
A detailed statement of the nature of the job identifying precise tasks and responsibilities involved
What is job enrichment
Giving employees are greater responsibilities and offering challenges to allow them to utilise the skills that
What is labour productivity and what is the formula to working it out
Measurements of output per worker in a given time
Total output
________________
No. of employees
What is labour turnover and what is the formula to working it out
The proportion of employees leaving a business within a period of time
Number of employees leaving a business within a period of time
__________________________________________________________x100
Average amount of employees hired within that period of time
What does it mean if a company has tall structures with a narrow span of control
Give advantages and disagvantages
There are more levels of hierarchy with each manager directly in charge of less people
It allows for more promotional opportunities
More staff means more costs
Less delegation - lower morale and commitment
Tight supervision
Communication flow problems reporting to managers
What is a flat organisational structure with wide spams of control
Five advantages and disadvantages
It’s a structure with less levels of hierarchy and where each manager has a lot of subordinates to manage
Managers have less time for each subordinate
Less supervision
More delegation means higher responsibility
Communication flow down hierarchy improves
Reduced costs as less level managers
Roughly explain the recruitment process
Job analysis Creating a job description Produce a person specification Internal or external recruitment Advertising it Decide whether to create a application or CVs Short list best candidates Interview and assess candidates in person Appoint candidate
What does a company have to take into consideration before recruiting
Size of the company
The funds available
The level of the job
Relevant skills or experience
Define training
The provision of work-related education to do with the job
Advantages and disadvantages of training
Advantages- Improves efficiency and productivity Reduces accidents and wastage Improves the ability of an employee Encourages working towaRds organisational goals
Disadvantages-
Can be expensive
Can be time consuming
May not be relevant or needed
Define and explain external and internal training
External training- training for a specific skill outside of the organisation, for example college
Internal training- where the skills are necessity to the job, for example a new computer system
Define on-the-job and off-the-job training giving benefits and drawbacks
On the job:
Where an employee learns a skill by seeing how it is carried out by an experienced employee…
Cheaper and takes place in a realistic working environment, however the quality of it depends on the ability of the instructor
Off the job:
Off the job includes different types of training but that in the workplace
More generic skills and knowledge, tought by experts, however is more expensive and is not unique to that company
Define motivation
Motivation is the will to work
What is Maslows hierarchy of needs and how can it apply to motivating employees
Maslows hierarchy of needs is broken into basic needs, safety needs, social needs, esteem needs and self actualisation.
Safety needs- contracted jobs, employees will feel safe in their job and won’t have to worry about firing too much etc
Social needs- group work or social events allow people to form friendships with colleagues which may motivate them to perform
Esteem needs- room for promotion or promotion itself may motivate employees to perform to gain promotion, and will award them for their work if they gain it
