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Special Diagnostic Procedures > Perfusion (part 1) > Flashcards

Perfusion (part 1) Flashcards

(58 cards)

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1
Q

What is perfusion technology?

A

it involves the study of physiology, pathology, and the associated equipment used to support the function of heart’s and/or lungs during surgical procedures

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2
Q

What is the responsibility of a perfusionist?

A

operates extracorporeal circulation equipment during an open-heart surgery or medical procedure in which it is necessary to artificially support or temporarily replace a patient’s circulatory or respiratory function

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3
Q

This temporarily replaces the function of heart and lungs while it is arrested to provide a still and bloodless surgical field

A

Cardiopulmonary bypass

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4
Q

What are the other terms for perfusionist?

A

cardiopulmonary perfusionist or perfusion technologist, and pump team

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5
Q

What is extracorporeal?

A

medical procedure performed outside the body

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6
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

A perfusionist can be anyone in the medical field as long as with training as perfusionist

A

TRUE

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7
Q

This diverts the blood away from heart and lungs, adds oxygen to heart and lungs

A

Cardiopulmonary bypass machine

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8
Q

A perfusion is defined as __________________________

A

process in which blood is forced to flow through a network of microscopic vessels within biologic tissue, allowing exchange of oxygen and other molecules across semipermeable microvascular walls

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9
Q

The perfusate is ___________________

A

any fluid flowing through a tissue or organ

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10
Q

Perfusate is also known as _________

A

prime

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11
Q

What is the responsibility of perfusate?

A

It deairs the CPB

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12
Q

This component of the CPB substitutes the lungs

A

Oxygenator (gas exchange device)

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13
Q

The pump substitutes for the ______________

A

heart

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14
Q

What is the basic form of CPB Machine?

A

Plastic tubings
Reservoir
Pump
Oxygenator

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15
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Venous blood is drained by gravity to the pump through cannula

A

FALSE

It drains to the gravity to the reservoir

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16
Q

What is the first string or draw string?

A

suture formed during given procedure

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17
Q

This is used to snug/knot tubes to provide pressure against knots to ensure hemostasis

A

Rumel Tourniquet

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18
Q

This is where the antigrade delivery for cardioplegia solution

A

aortic root vent

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19
Q

The first mechanical CPB is credited to ___________

A

John Gibbon (1953, Philadelphia)

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20
Q

What is the cardioplegia solution used in CPB?

A

Cold potassium

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21
Q

The CPB machine’s suckers is used to ________________

A

scavenge blood to operative field

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22
Q

This component of CPB machine functions to oxygenate, remove carbon dioxide and cool/re-warm blood

A

Oxygenator system, venous reservoir, oxygenator, heat exchanger

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23
Q

This component of CPB machine functions to delivers fresh gas to the oxygenator in a controlled mixture

A

Gas line and FiO2 blender

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24
Q

This component of CPB machine functions to pumps blood at a set flow rate to the patient

Study These Flashcards
A

arterial pump

25
What is the function of cardiotomy suckers and vents?
Scavenges blood from operative field and vents the heart
26
What is the function of arterial line filter?
Removes microaggregates and particulate matter >40um
27
What is the function of cardioplegia systems?
Deliver high-dose potassium solutions to arrest the heart and preserve the myocardium
28
This component of CPB machine functions to connect the patient to the extracorporeal circuit
Cannulae
29
What is FiO2?
Fraction of inspired oxygen (the % concentration of O2 inhaled by Px)
30
What is the tubing size for cardioplegia section?
3/16" or 4.5mm
31
What is the tubing size for suction tubing?
1/4" or 6.0mm
32
The 3/8" (9.0mm) tubing is for _______________
arterial pump line for flow rates <6.7L/min
33
The 1/2" (12.0mm) tubing is for _______________
venous line
34
What is the most common tubing material?
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
35
Which tubing material has durability and has accepted hemolysis rate?
polyvinyl chloride/PVC
36
What is the most common tubing material?
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
37
Which tubing material has durability and has accepted hemolysis rate?
polyvinyl chloride/PVC
38
How does PVC have a fairly rigid characteristic?
This tubing material is made of polymer chains of carbon chloride bands
39
What is the disadvantage of PVC?
during hypothermic CPB = stiffens; it tends to induce spallation nag bombard ng very high energy particles that disintegrate being used in procedure, release pf plastic microparticles from inner tubing due to pump compression
40
This tubing material has less hemolysis than PVC
Silicone
41
This tubing material induce more spallation
Silicone
42
The silicone tubing material is used for _______________
arterial roller pump root because it constantly compress tubing of rollers = induce more hemolysis
43
What is the disadvantage of latex rubber?
generate hemolysis than PVC
44
This component of CPB machine connects the patient to the circuit to the CPB machine
Cannulae
45
Cannulae is made up of ______________________
PVC. reinforced with wire to prevent obstruction due to kinking
46
What are the two types of arterial cannulae?
curved/angled and straight
47
Which arterial cannula is preferred?
thin-walled cannula. It presents lower resistant to flow due tp large internal diameter = reduction to arterial pressure
48
This angle tip arterial cannula ____________________
directs blood flow to aortic arch rather than wall of aorta
49
This arterial cannula aid secure fixation to vessel wall
Cannula w/flange
50
What are the commonly used venous cannulae?
Y connector Single stage cannula Dual/two stage cannula
51
This venous cannula is used to connect a single stage cannula
Y connector
52
The site for single stage cannula is _________
superior/inferior vena cava
53
What is the difference between singe and two stage cannula?
the site for double stage cannula is SVC and right atrial to drain venous blood
54
TRUE OR FALSE: The single stage cannula allows deoxygenated blood to be drained from Px to extracorporeal circuit
FALSE The two stage cannula allows deoxygenated blood
55
What is the alternative site for two stage cannula?
Femoral vein
56
The two stage cannula is used during ________________
surgeries does not involve open chamber of heart (closed heart surgery)
57
The single stage cannula is used during _________________
open heart surgery
58
Drainage of blood occurs through _______________
gravity

Special Diagnostic Procedures (10 decks)

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