Perineum 1 Flashcards by Elizabeth Dower

Where is the perineum located

inferior to the pelvic diaphragm

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What is the roof and the floor of the perineum composed of

roof: pelvic diaphragm and fascia
floor: skin and fascia

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What are the superior boundaries to the perineum

pelvic diaphragm and urogentinal hiatus

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What is contained within the urogenital hiatus in males

urethra and rectum

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What is contained in the urogenital hiatus in females

urethra, rectum, and vagina

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What is the function of the urogenital diaphragm

supports pelvic viscera

reinforces pelvic diaphragm

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What is contained within the superficial pouch

2 erectile bodies
3 muscles
greater vestibular glands (females)

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What are the 2 erectile bodies in the superficial pouch

corpus cavernosa (crus)
corpus spongiosus (bulb)

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What are the 3 muscles in the superficial pouch

superficial transverse perineal
bulbospongiosus
ischiocavernosus

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What is contained within the deep pouch

deep transverse perineal m
bulbourethral glands (males)
external urethral sphincter

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What is the central tendon of the perineum

perineal body

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What is the structure composition of the perineal body

contains collagen, elastic fibers, skeletal and smooth muscle

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What muscle will cover the crura

ischiocavernosus

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What is the superior limit of the superficial pouch

perineal membrane

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What is another name for the perineal membrane

inferior UGD

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What muscles attach to the perineal body

levator ani
bulbospongiosus
deep and superficial transverse perineal
external anal sphincter

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What forms the roof of the deep perineal pouch

Deep (superior) fascia of the UG diaphragm

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What fascia will attach to the perineal body

Colle’s fascia
Perineal membrane
Superior fascia of UGD
Deep perineal fascia

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What are the muscles of the deep perineal pouch of females

deep transverse perineal
external urethral sphincter
compressor urethrae
urethrovaginal sphincter

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Where is the ischioanal fossa found

between pelvic diaphragm and gluteus maximus

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What are the muscles in the deep perineal pouch in males

deep transverse perineal
external urethral sphincter
compressor urethrae

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What structures are at risk during a medial episiotomy

central tendon

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What is the function of the ischioanal fossa

allows expansion during defecation and child birth

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What are the divisions of the ischioanal fossa

anterior and posterior recesses

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What are the two layers of the superficial perineal fascia

fatty subcutaneous and | deep membranous fascia

What is the name for the deep membranous fascia of the superficial perineal fascia

Colle's fascia

What is Colle's fascia continuous with

Scarpa's fascia

What does the superficial perineal fascia attach to

fascia lata in thigh pubic arch posterior border of perineal membrane

Where does the superficial perineal fascia extend to

extends over penis and scrotum

What is the name of the fascia that extends over penis and scrotum

Dartos fascia

What does the tunic of the Dartos fascia contain

smooth muscle

What is Darto's fascia a continuation of

Scarpa's fascia

What is the deep perineal fascia continous with

fascia of external oblique and external spermatic fascia

What will deep perineal fascia be continuous with over the penis

Buck's fascia

What does Buck's fascia surround

all three cavernous bodies 2 dorsal arteries and nerves deep dorsal vein

What does Buck's fascia separate

corpus spongiosum from the two corpora cavernosa

Where will urine collect if the urethra is ruptured above the perineal membrane

pelvic cavity

Where will urine collect if the urethra is punctured but buck's fascia remains in tact

penis shaft

Where will urine collect if urethra is ruptured and bucks fascia is also torn

superifical perineal space and under colle's fascia | into the scrotum

Where will urine collect from a ruptured membranous urethra

deep perineal space

in which part of the penis the urethra contained

corpus spongiosum

What are the different parts of the male external genitalia

bulb corona glans crura

What is the bulb of the penis

enlarged region at the bas of the corpora spongiosum

What is the bulb of the penis penetrated by

urethra

What is the glans of the penis

expanded cap-like portion

What does the glans of the penis contain

external urethral orifice

What is the corona of the penis

edge of glands that extends backwards over corpora cavernosa

What is the crura of the penis

legs of the corpus cavernosa

What is the crura of the penis attached to

ischiopubic ramus

What is the function of the bulbospongiosus muscle in males

to empty the urethra compress deep dorsal vein and erectile tissue contracts during ejaculation

What is the function of the ischiocavernosus muscle in males

moves blood caudal to rostral compress deep dorsal vein restricts venous outflow

What is the function of the superficial transverse perineal muscle

stabilize perineal body

What is the fundiform ligament

extension of linea alba superior to the pubic symphysis forms a sling

What is the suspensory ligament

deep fascia arising from the pubic symphysis to form a sling

What is peyronie's disease

fibromatosis of tunica albuginea and buck's fascia

What is varicocele

dilation of the spermatic vein due to impaired drainage

What side are varicoceles more common

left

What causes varicoceles

SMA syndrome

What artery supplies the perineum

internal pudendal artery

What are the branches of the pudendal artery

superficial and deep dorsal arteries inferior rectal artery of bulb posterior scrotal

What does the external pudendal artery (deep/superficial) supply

supplies to the penile and scrotal skin

Where does the deep dorsal vein drain

prostatic venous plexus

Where does the superficial dorsal vein drain

external pudendal veins

What do the dorsal arteries of the penis supply

penis

What do the deep arteries of the penis supply

inside corpora caverosa | involved in erection

What do the arteries of the bulb supply

corpora spongiosum | bulbourethral glands