Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

LECOM MS1 Gross Anatomy Exam 2 > Thoracic Wall > Flashcards

Thoracic Wall Flashcards

1
Q

What thoracic vertebrae are considered atypical

A

Vertebrae 1, 9, 10, 11, 12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the thoracic wall composed of

A

Bones
Muscles and fascia
Supportive structures
skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the bones of the thoracic wall

A

vertebrae
ribs
sternum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the functions of the thoracic wall

A

protection of organs
aid in respiration
Support of upper limb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What vertebral level is scapular spine

A

T3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What vertebral level is inferior angle of scapula

A

T7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What vertebral level is 12th rib

A

T12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What will result form dysfunction of the thoracic vertebrae

A

Impacts ribs and breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What thoracic vertebrae are considered typical

A

2-8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the features of vertebrae 2-9 that make them typical

A

costal demifacets and facet for tubercle of rib

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How do ribs articulate with vertebrae in typical scenarios

A

articulates with 2 vertebral bodies and the facet on transverse process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where does the rib articulate with the transverse process

A

tubercle of rib

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How is the first vertebrae atypical

A

full facet on top and demifacet on bottom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How is 9th vertebrae atypical

A

demifacet on superior and nothing on inferior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How are 10-12th vertebrae atypical

A

full facets on superior part, nothing on inferior part

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Describe the course of ribs in relation to articulation in front and vertebral level

A

few spinal levels lower in the front than the back as they travel anterior and inferior to meet the sternum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Which ribs are considered typical

A

3-9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Which ribs are considered atypical

A

1,2,10,11,12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How are ribs 3-9 typical ribs

A

2 spots on head for articulation with demifacet
neck has tubercle for articulation with transverse process
Costal groove for VAN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How is rib 1 atypical

A

strong curve
flat
lacks angle seen in typical ribs
Tubercle for attachment of scalene muscles
2 grooves for subclavian vein, artery, and brachial plexus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the clinical relationship of cervical ribs

A

can compress subclavian vessels and brachial plexus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are the borders of the scalene triangle

A

anterior scalene
middle scalene
rib 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What structures are contained in the scalene triangle

A

brachial plexus

subclavian artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Where do the phrenic nerve and subclavian vein run in relationship to the scalene triangle

A

in front of anterior scalene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What are signs and symptoms of dysfunction the anterior scalene muscle
abnormal tone lifting first rib impacts blood flow to the limb and innervation
26
What type of joint is the costovertebral articulation
synovial plane
27
What type of the joint is the articulation between the first rib and the sternum
primary cartilaginous (synchondrosis fibrocartialginous joint)
28
What type of movement does the rib 1 allow
not a lot of movement; where pump handle movement originates.
29
When the first rib moves, what occurs
the whole rib cage moves
30
What type of joints are the sternocostal articulations (except rib 1)
synovial plane
31
What type of joints are costochondral joints
primary cartilaginous
32
What type of joints are interchondral joints
synovial plane
33
What type of joint is the manurial sternal joint
secondary cartilaginous; symphysis
34
What are the lines of reference regarding the thorax
mid-axillary mid-clavicular scapular
35
What are the intercostal muscle types
external intercostal internal intercostal innermost intercostals
36
What direction are the fibers of the external intercostal muscles
hands in pocket (superior, posterior, inferior anterior)
37
What direction are the fibers of the internal intercostal muscles
perpendicular to external intercostals (inferior to superior)
38
What direction are the fibers of the innermost intercostal muscles
same as the internal intercostals
39
How many ribs do the subcostal muscles span and where are they found
spans 2 ribs | posterior wall of thoracic cage
40
Where is the transverses thoracis muscle found
posterior side of anterior thoracic wall
41
What is the function of transverses thoracis
depresses the ribs
42
What is the innervation of transverses thoracis
intercostal nerves
43
List the order of layers starting at external intercostals to inside
``` External intercostals Internal intercostals VAN Innermost intercostals Endothoracic fascia ```
44
In the VAN network of the thoracic wall, list from superior to inferior. Which is most exposed
intercostal vein intercostal artery intercostal nerve--most exposed
45
What is the function of the elevator costarum
elevates the ribs
46
What is the innervation of elevator costarum
posterior rami
47
What is contained within the right crus of the diaphragm
Esophageal hiatus
48
What is the vertebrocostal trigone
weakened spot of the diaphragm where hernias can occur
49
Why do hernias occur most common at vertebrocostal trigone
no muscle, just fascia
50
On what side of the diaphragm do hernias occur most often
left side
51
What will pass under the median arcuate ligament of the diaphragm
aorta
52
What are the functions of the medial and lateral arcuate ligaments of the diaphragm
allow muscles and other structures to pass from thoracic to abdominal cavity
53
What innervates the diaphragm
``` phrenic nerve (C3-C5) (all the motor) intercostals do some sensory on periphery ```
54
What passes through the canal hiatus
IVC and phrenic nerve
55
What level is the caval hiatus
T8
56
What passes through the esophageal hiatus
esophagus vagus nerve left gastric artery
57
What level is the esophageal hiatus
T10
58
What passes through the aortic hiatus
Aorta Azygos vein Thoracic duct
59
What level is the aortic hiatus
T12
60
What are the different parts of the diaphragm
``` central tendon right crus left crus medial arcuate ligament lateral arcuate ligament median arcuate ligament ```
61
What structures transverse the diaphragm at TV8
IVC and phrenic nerve
62
What structures transverse the diaphragm at TV10
esophagus vagus nerve left gastric artery
63
What structures traverse the diaphragm at TV12
aorta azygos vein thoracic duct
64
Where will pain from the diaphragm refer to
C3-C5 dermatomal regions | Shoulder
65
What is the blood supply to the diaphragm
Inferior phrenic arteries (from aorta)
66
What does the diaphragm do during inspiration
diaphragm contracts, increases volume and decreases thoracic pressure causing air to flow into the lungs
67
What does the diaphragm do during expiration
diaphragm relaxes decreasing volume and increases pressure causing air to flow out of the lungs
68
What are the two main respiratory movements of the thoracic cage
Pump handle | Bucket handle
69
What does the pump handle motion of the ribs allow
increase in AP diameter
70
What ribs do pump handle motion
those attached directly to ribs
71
What does the bucket handle motion allow
increases side to side diameter
72
What ribs do bucket handle motion
ribs 7-12
73
What are the accessory muscles of respiration
``` serrates posterior inferior and superior SCM Pec minor Serratus anterior Scalenes ```
74
What are the boundaries of the superior thoracic aperature
rib 1, manubrium, first vertebral body
75
What are the boundaries of the inferior thoracic aperture
bound by ribs and diaphragm
76
What is the pattern of arterial support to intercostal spaces
posterior intercostal artery in posterior to sides | anterior intercostals
77
Where do posterior intercostal arteries come from
posterior aorta
78
Where do anterior intercostal arteries come from
inferior thoracic artery
79
Where does the inferior thoracic artery branch from
subclavian artery
80
What is the first intercostal space supplied by
right supreme intercostal artery
81
Where does the right supreme intercostal artery come from
costocervical trunk
82
What supplies the space below the 12th rib
subcostal arteries
83
What is the venous drainage of the thorax
azygos vein on right will drain into SVC heme-azygous and accessory semi-azygos on left drain to azygos vein (which goes to SVC)
84
What occurs when SVC is blocked
congestion in the territory of the SVC
85
What regions of the body drain to the right jugulovenous angle
right of head, right neck, right UL, and right thorax
86
What regions of the body drain to the left jugulovenous angle
everything else not drained by the right side
87
What lymphatic vessel drains into the right jugulovenous angle
right lymphatic duct
88
What lymphatic vessel drains into the left jugulovenous angle
thoracic duct
89
Where will the left side of the body drain
into thoracic duct
90
What is the innervation to the intercostal spaces
intercostal nerves from spinal nerve
91
Do intercostal nerves contain sympathetics
yes
92
What would result in damage to an intercostal nerve
numbness in dermatomal pattern | weakness in intercostal muscles that the segment innervates
93
What layers would be traversed to perform an intercostal nerve block
skin fascia external intercostal internal intercostal
94
Between which muscles are the intercostal VAN found
internal intercostal and innermost intercostal
95
What structures are at risk with a fractured 1st rib
subclavian artery and vein

LECOM MS1 Gross Anatomy Exam 2 (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions