Period 2 Id terms

Question 1

aggressive, nationalistic and patriotic expansion. Theodore Roosevelt, among many others, believed in this extreme form of expansion. Aggressive foreign policy, accompanied by an eagerness to wage war

Answer 1

Jingoism

Question 2

to deny responsibility for or connection with

Answer 2

disavow

Question 3

economic philosophy in which England established the colonies to provide raw materials to the mother country; the colonies received manufactured goods in return; it was built to benefit the mother country more than the colonies

Answer 3

mercantilism

Question 4

a period from 1607-1763 in which England did not strictly enforce Parliamentary laws, which allowed the colonies to flourish as almost independent states for many years.

Answer 4

Salutary neglect

Question 5

a policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries politically, socially, and economically

Answer 5

Imperialism

Question 6

first governor of Massachusetts bay colony, the chief figure among the Puritan founders of New England. Coined the term “city on a hill”

Answer 6

John Winthrop

Question 7

warlike

Answer 7

bellicose

Question 8

a government in which all power belong to one person

Answer 8

tyranny

Question 9

worldly, not regarded as religious, spiritual, or sacred

Answer 9

secular

Question 10

to derive a conclusion from facts or premises

Answer 10

infer

Question 11

the following of one thing after another

Answer 11

sequence

Question 12

to make something easier or run more smoothly and effectively

Answer 12

facilitate

Question 13

to adopt the ways of another culture and to fully become part of a different society

Answer 13

assimilate

Question 14

to all outward appearances

Answer 14

ostensibly

Question 15

leader of a confederation of indigenous peoples that included the Wampanoag and Narraganset; led one of the most costly wars of resistance in New England history, known as King Philip’s War. He led one of the last Native Americans battles against the colonist in New England in 1676. Known to English as King Philip

Answer 15

Metacomet

Question 16

Wampanoag Indian chief who throughout his life maintained peaceful relations with English settlers in the area of the Plymouth colony. signed a treaty with the Plymouth Pilgrims (1621) + helped them celebrate the first Thanksgiving after the autumn harvests that same year

Answer 16

Massasoit

Question 17

(December 21, 1603-April 1, 1683) was an English theologian, a notable proponent of religious toleration and the separation of church and state, and an advocate for fair dealings with Native Americans. In 1644, he received a charter creating the colony of Rhode Island, named for the principal island in Narragansett Bay. He is credited for originating either the first or second Baptist church established in America.

Answer 17

Roger Williams

Question 18

one of the early English settlers (in Virginia) of North America. He is credited with the first successful cultivation of tobacco as an export crop in the Colony of Virginia and is known as the husband of Pocahontas, daughter of the chief of the Powhatan Confederacy.

Answer 18

John Rolfe

Question 19

a chief of a North American tribe or confederation (especially an Algonquian chief); an intertribal chief

Answer 19

Sachem

Question 20

a contract binding one person to work for another for a given period of time

Answer 20

indenture

Question 21

a person who is bonded or contracted to work for another for a seven years; Used during the tabacco boom. Replaced by slaves

Answer 21

indentured servant

Question 22

an effort by many people to change the government or leader of a country by the use of protest or violence

Answer 22

Rebellion

Question 23

Woman who was a sharp challenge to Puritan orthodoxy. Intelligent, strong-willed, and talkative who believed in antinomianism, which said the truly saved need not bother to obey the law of either God or man. This idea, which she had derived from the ideas of John Cotton, was a heresy. Claimed that a direct revelation from God gave her this belief. She also claimed that only a few of the ministers in the area were actually saved, but that she was saved. This undermined all of the authority of the Church. Held meetings for her followers in her house. She was banished, went to R.I. and then New Netherlands, but was eventually killed by Indians.

Answer 23

Anne Hutchinson

Question 24

a form of government in which a country is ruled by religious leader(s)

Answer 24

theocracy

Question 25

Belief that immigrants to the U.S. maintain their own cultural identity and thus the U.S. is a type of society in which diverse ethnic, racial, national groups go-exist while maintaining their own cultural heritage.

Answer 25

Cultural pluralism

Question 26

A theory of government that holds that open, multiple, and competing groups can check the asserted power by any one group.

Answer 26

Pluralism

Question 27

After the Protestant Elizabeth ascended to the English throne in 1558, Protestantism became dominant in England, and rivalry with Catholic Spain intensified. In the 1570s and 1580s, Elizabeth's troops crushed the Irish uprising with terrible ferocity, inflicting unspeakable atrocities upon the native Irish people. The English crown confiscated Irish lands and "planted" them with new Protestant landlords from Scotland and England. Although accused of being vain, fickle, prejudiced, and miserly, she proved to be an unusually successful ruler. She never married, although various royal matches were projected.

Answer 27

Queen Elizabeth I

Question 28

Companies made up of group of investors who bought the right to establish plantations from the king; A company made up of a group of shareholders. Each shareholder contributes some money to the company and receives some share of the company's profits and debts.

Answer 28

joint-stock company

Question 29

one granted ownership of a colony and full rights of establishing a government and distributing land

Answer 29

proprietor

Question 30

a document issued by a government that gives the right to start a colony to a person or group

Answer 30

charter

Question 31

shared or used by members of a group or community

Answer 31

communal

Question 32

taxes or fees that are paid to the government when goods come into or go out of a country

Answer 32

customs

Question 33

was an armed conflict in 1634-1638 between an alliance of Massachusetts Bay and Plymouth colonies, with Native American allies (the Narragansett and Mohegan tribes), against the Pequot tribe.

Answer 33

Pequot War

Question 34

1675 - A series of battles in New Hampshire between the colonists and the Wompanoags, led by Metacom, a chief also known as King Philip. The war was started when the Massachusetts government tried to assert court jurisdiction over the local Indians. The colonists won with the help of the Mohawks, and this victory opened up additional Indian lands for expansion.

Answer 34

King Philip's War

Question 35

1676; VA frontiersmen seeking land clashed with Native Americans; Frontiersmen demanded help from the government; Jamestown refused aid, fearing Native American War; Bacon and his men lived on frontier; Bacon & men stormed Jamestown; Bacon died of fever; Rebellion collapsed; Colonial rebellion against government authority; Clash between east/west, rich/poor; Tidewater's discrimination against frontiersmen; Revision of indentured servant system, greater reliance on slave labor

Answer 35

Nathaniel Bacon's Rebellion

Question 36

Puritanism had declined by the 1730s, and people were upset about the decline in religious piety. This was a sudden outbreak of religious fervor that swept through the colonies. One of the first events to unify the colonies. It was mainly against Calvinism and the idea of predestination.

Answer 36

Great Awakening (1739-1744)

Question 37

prevented slaves from anything that could help them become free (education leads to freedom)

Answer 37

Slave codes