Period 3 ID Terms Flashcards
(50 cards)
a French explorer who sailed to the west Indies, Mexico, and Panama. He wrote several books telling of his trips to Mexico City and Niagra Falls. His greatest accomplishment was his exploration of the St. Lawrence River and his latter settlement of Quebec. He befriended Huron Indians and helped them defeat the Iroquois. He claimed the land for King Louis XIV
Samuel de Champlain
served as an ambassador to France during the Revolutionary War. He was the oldest delegate to the Constitutional Convention and his advice proved crucial in the drafting of the Constitution. He has often been held up as the paradigm of Enlightenment throughout Colonial America because of his contributions to the fields of science and philosophy.
Benjamin Franklin
a British leader from 1757-1758. He was a leader in the London government and earned himself the name “Organizer of Victory.” He led and won a war against Quebec. Pittsburgh was named after him.
William Pitt
blundering British officer whose defeat gave the advantage to the French and Indians in the early stages of the war. He was sent to capture Fort Duquesne.
General Braddock
Historic British victory over French forces on the outskirts of Quebec (Plains of Abraham). The surrender of Quebec marked the beginning of the end of French rule in North America.
Battle of Quebec
the Ottawa chief who led several tribes in a campaign to drive the British out of the Ohio country. Overran all but 3 British posts west of the Appalachians and killed 2000 soldiers and settlers. He was killed but the fiasco convinced the British of a need to stabilize relations with Indians.
Chief Pontiac
American Frontiersman and legendary hero who helped blaze a trail through Cumberland Gap, a notch in the Appalachian Mountains near the juncture of Virginia, Tennessee, and Kentucky.
Daniel Boone
was created to alleviate relations with natives after the French and Indian War and stated that colonists were not allowed to pass the Appalachian Mountains.
Proclamation of 1763
believed all people have a right to life, liberty, and property; stated the government is “created by the people for the people.” Believed government was based on an unwritten social contract between the rulers and their people and if the government failed to uphold its end of the contract, the people had a right to rebel and institute a new government
John Locke
U.S. painter and a member of a Loyalist Boston family, he earned a reputation as a fine portrait painter, painting such colonial dignitaries as Paul Revere and John Hancock
John Singleton Copley
the first Parliamentary act bent on turning a revenue in the colonies. This law cut the tariff on Molasses in half, and levied new taxes on imports of foreign textiles, wine, coffee, indigo, and sugar
Sugar Act of 1764
a tax in the form of required stamps to be purchased and fixed to all printed material. This act affected people throughout the colonies.
Stamp Act of 1765
this law required colonist to supply British troops with provisions and provide them with shelter / a vacant building
Quartering Act of 1765
British prime minister who in 1763 ordered the British navy to begin strictly enforcing the Navigation laws. He also secured from parliament the Sugar Act, the Quartering Act, and the Stamp Act
George Grenville
March 5, 1770, a crowd of 60 townspeople attacked 10 redcoats, the redcoats open fired on the civilians, killing/wounding 11 of them
Boston Massacre
one of the colonists involved in the Boston Massacre, and when the shooting started he was the first to die. He became a martyr.
Crispus Attucks
“Penman of the Revolution.” HE was a master propagandist and an engineer of rebellion. Though very weak and feeble in appearance, he was a strong politician and leader that was very aware and sensitive to the rights of the colonists. He organized the local committees of correspondence in Massachusetts, starting with Boston in 1772. These committees were designed to opposed British policy by spreading propaganda.
Samuel Adams
a federalist who was vice president under Washington in 1789 and later became president by 3 votes. Was involved in the XYZ affair, Quais War, and the Convention of 1800. Belatedly he pushed for peace with France in 1800.
John Adams
wife of John Adams. pushed for women’s rights when her husband was on the committee designing the Declaration of Independence
Abigail Adams
king of England from 1760-1820. Exercised a greater hand in the government of the American colonies than of many of his predecessors. After he rejected the Olive Branch Petition, the colonists saw him as a tyrant.
King George III
Named for Charles Townshend, head of British ministry. Persuaded Parliament to pass these regulations with an import duty on glass, lead, paper, paint, and tea. This was an indirect customs duty payable at American ports.
Townshend Acts
Government chartered joint-stock company that controlled spice trade in the East Indies after the Dutch. Granted monopoly of American Tea Business.
British East India Company
1774, British response to the Boston Tea Party, took away right to self government and private assembly until destroyed tea was paid for. Becomes part of the desire for Declaration of Independence and led to the creation of some amendments
Intolerable Acts
Sons of Liberty protested against the tea act; poured tea into Boston Harbor; result: Intolerable Acts
Boston Tea Party
