Period 5 Flashcards
(25 cards)
Reasons for Westward Migration
Manifest Destiny
Resources (land, gold, etc)
Economic opportunities
Population growth
Homestead Act
Provided 160 acres of land to anyone who agreed to farm and improve the land
How did abolitionists fight slavery?
Literature (newspapers, books, etc)
Speeches and meetings
Petitions and protests
How did the South justify slavery?
Social Darwinism
State rights
Compromise of 1850
Compromise that kept the South from seceding
Stricter Fugitive Slave Act
Admitted California as a free state
Abolished slave trade in Washington DC
New Mexico and Utah territories created with popular sovereignty
Kansas-Nebraska Act
Kansas and Nebraska territories created with popular sovereignty
Led to Bleeding Kansas
Bleeding Kansas
Pro-slavery Missourians went to Kansas and threatened/voted themselves so Kansas would be a slave state (+ free soiler boycott)
Anti-slavery government set up in protest
Lecompton (pro) vs. Lawrence (anti)
Showed that conflict over slavery was unavoidable
Why did the Union win?
Railroad and telegraph lines
Leadership of Lincoln and Ulysses S. Grant
Manpower
13th Amendment
Abolished slavery
14th Amendment
Constitutional guarantee of the rights of the people
15th Amendment
Granted suffrage to black males
Split women’s rights movement
Compromise of 1877
Agreement between southern Democrats and allies of Republican Rutherford Hayes to settle the result of 1876 election
Removal of all federal troops from former Confederate States
Appointment of at least one Southern Democrat to Hayes’s cabinet
Construct railroad in the South
Legislation to help industrialize South
Democrats would peacefully accept Hayes’s presidency
Why did Reconstruction end?
Compromise of 1877
Depression of 1873
Lack of motivation of Republicans
Racism
Distractions
Black Codes
Restored pre-emancipation system of race relations and forced many blacks to become sharecroppers
White League + KKK
Terrorist groups that formed to resist Republican governments and control freedmen
First KKK died out in 1870 and replaced by White League
Enforcement Acts
Criminal codes that protected blacks’ right to vote, hold office, serve on juries, and receive equal protection of laws
Stopped KKK
Redeemers
Political group that wanted to remove Republicans from the South and restore white supremacy
Civil Rights Act of 1875
Prohibited racial discrimination in public places and facilities, but failed to be enforced well
Social changes for blacks
Celebrated freedom and independence (unsettled whites)
Families reunited
Growth of the Black Church + self-improved organizations
Migration
Period 5 overview
1844-1877
Election of James Polk-Compromise of 1877
Manifest Destiny
Mexican-American War
Missouri Compromise of 1850
Civil War
Reconstruction
Dred Scott Decision
Declared that slaves were not citizens and the federal government didn’t have the power to ban slavery in any state territory
Emancipation Proclamation
Declared that all slaves in the confederate states are free
Gettysburg Address
Speech delivered after the Battle of Gettysburg that declared the Civil War as a fight for America’s values for liberty and democracy
Sharecropping
Landowners provided land and tools in exchange for a share of the profit
Often led enslaved people into a cycle of debt
