Periodontal Diseases Flashcards
(19 cards)
What is periodontal disease?
A plaque induced disease of supporting structures of the teeth.
Periodontal disease affects the gingiva, periodontal ligament, alveolar bone, and cementum.
What are the causes of periodontal disease?
- Genetics (tooth crowding/malocclusions)
- Diet
- Education
- Hygiene
- Illness (secondary systemic factors, such as hormonal changes and chronic disease)
These factors can contribute to the onset and progression of periodontal disease.
What are the two main forms of periodontal disease?
- Gingivitis
- Periodontitis
These represent different stages and severities of periodontal disease.
What is gingivitis?
Inflammation of the gingiva caused by plaque, the earliest stage of periodontitis.
Gingivitis is easily reversible with proper treatment and home care.
Is gingivitis always followed by periodontitis?
No, gingivitis does not always progress to periodontitis.
It can be treated effectively and reversed.
What is periodontitis?
Inflammation of the gingiva and other structures of the periodontium, leading to gingival recession and alveolar bone loss.
Periodontitis is uncurable but can be managed with proper treatment.
What is the periodontal index?
A grading system of the severity of periodontal disease defined as the amount of periodontal attachment loss as a percentage of the periodontal support that has been destroyed by the disease.
Factors include gingival recession and periodontal pocket depth.
What does PD0 indicate in the periodontal grading system?
Healthy gingiva, healthy deeper structures and no clinical disease.
This is the healthiest grade in the periodontal index.
What does PD1 indicate in the periodontal grading system?
Gingivitis only with no attachment loss, height of alveolar bone is normal.
This grade reflects early signs of gum disease.
What does PD2 indicate in the periodontal grading system?
Early periodontitis, <25% attachment loss, stage 1 furcation in multirooted teeth.
Indicates the beginning of more serious periodontal issues.
What does PD3 indicate in the periodontal grading system?
Moderate periodontitis, 25%-50% attachment loss, stage 2 furcation in multirooted teeth.
This grade suggests significant periodontal damage.
What does PD4 indicate in the periodontal grading system?
Advanced periodontitis, >50% attachment loss, stage 3 furcation in multirooted teeth.
This is the most severe stage of periodontal disease.
What is plaque?
A white film that collects around and within the gingival sulcus, composed of bacteria, fungi, saliva, feed debris, exfoliated cells and salivary glycoproteins.
It forms a biofilm within 20-30 minutes after cleaning.
What is calculus, also known as tartar?
A light brown/yellow, raised and irregularly shaped deposit adhered to tooth and root surfaces.
It forms when plaque remains undisturbed for 24-48 hours.
What is the key to treating dental disease?
Preventing dental disease by minimizing plaque accumulation.
This includes proper diets, professional dental scaling, and lifelong oral hygiene.
What does the treatment of dental disease depend on?
The severity/discussion of the DVM.
Every patient needs thorough polishing and scaling and may require additional procedures.
How often should patients with dental disease be reevaluated?
Every 3-12 months, depending on severity.
Regular reevaluation helps manage periodontal health.
Fill in the blank: _______ is a grading system of the severity of periodontal disease.
Periodontal index
True or False: Periodontitis is curable.
False
