Test 3 Review

Question 1

What grip is used to hold a Morse hand scaler?

Answer 1

Pencil grip

The Morse hand scaler is smaller and used straight onto the tooth to clean ridges.

Question 2

What type of grip is used for a sickle scaler?

Answer 2

Modified pen grip

Sickle scalers are used to scrape tartar and plaque off teeth.

Question 3

What are the primary uses of a curette?

Answer 3

• Subgingival calculus removal
• Root planning
• Supragingival use
• Subgingival use

Question 4

What is the function of a dental probe?

Answer 4

Measure the depth of the gingival sulcus, gingival recession, hyperplasia, and diameter of oral masses

The probe is inserted parallel to the long axis of the tooth.

Question 5

True or False: An explorer/shepherd’s hook has no sharp sides.

Answer 5

False

It has a sharp tip used to detect calculus and assess tooth mobility.

Question 6

What is the purpose of elevators and luxators in dentistry?

Answer 6

To serve as a wedge between the root and bone to stretch and break the periodontal ligament.

Question 7

What is a periosteal elevator used for?

Answer 7

To create a mucoperiosteal flap and cut away the periosteum.

Question 8

What is the primary use of a dental mirror?

Answer 8

To view the lingual or palatal surfaces of teeth and retract gingival tissue.

Question 9

What type of wear is associated with aggressive chewing on external objects?

Answer 9

Abrasion

Question 10

Define gingival recession.

Answer 10

The movement of the gingival margin away from the tooth, exposing the tooth root.

Question 11

What does the mobility scoring index measure?

Answer 11

Tooth mobility based on movement in the buccolingual direction.

Question 12

What are the stages of the furcation involvement index?

Answer 12

• Stage 1: Small amount of alveolar crest loss
• Stage 2: ½ of furcation/alveolar bone lost
• Stage 3: Alveolar crest completely lost; furcation fully exposed

Question 13

What is periodontal attachment loss?

Answer 13

The breakdown and detachment of the tissue that supports teeth.

Question 14

List the steps to a professional dental cleaning.

Answer 14

• Examine with patient
• Full mouth radiographs
• Supragingival and subgingival scaling
• Polishing
• Oral evaluation, charting, and probing
• Additional treatment
• Dental sealant
• Home care

Question 15

What PPE is needed to perform a proper dental cleaning?

Answer 15

• Cap/bonnet
• Mask
• Safety glasses/goggles
• Scrubs/lab coat
• Ear plugs
• Dosimeter/lead shields for radiology

Question 16

What is the purpose of using the largest size ET tube possible during dental procedures?

Answer 16

To help prevent aspiration.

Question 17

What is the recommended time duration for using an ultrasonic scaler on each tooth?

Answer 17

10-15 seconds

Question 18

Define endodontics.

Answer 18

A subspecialty of veterinary dentistry that deals with treatment inside the tooth.

Question 19

What is the ALARA rule?

Answer 19

We must wear a dosimeter reader to record the amount of radiation exposure accumulated over time.

Question 20

What are the types of image receptors used in dental radiography?

Answer 20

• Film
• Computed radiography receptor
• Direct radiography sensor

Question 21

What are the patient positions when taking dental radiographs?

Answer 21

• Lateral
• Sternal
• Dorsal
• Angled

Question 22

What does the bisecting angle technique involve?

Answer 22

The film is flat and as close to the tooth as possible, with the tooth on the edge.

Question 23

What is the purpose of a local nerve block?

Answer 23

Infiltration of an area with product along the planned incision line.

Question 24

What are the advantages of regional nerve blocks?

Answer 24

Ability to block an entire quadrant.

Question 25

What is the preferred drug for dental nerve blocks?

Answer 25

Bupivacaine

Question 26

How long does it take for bupivacaine to take effect?

Answer 26

6-10 minutes

Question 27

What is the maximum dose of bupivacaine in cats/small dogs?

Answer 27

1.5 mg/kg (0.1-0.2 ml/site)

Question 28

What are the four regional blocks in cats/dogs?

Answer 28

* Infraorbital * Maxillary * Middle mental * Inferior alveolar

Question 29

What is the technique for performing a dental nerve block?

Answer 29

* Identify the site * Needle advanced slowly to desired location * Aspirate * Inject slowly * Apply digital pressure after needle removal

Question 30

What PPE is required for radiographs?

Answer 30

* Lead gowns * Gloves * Thyroid shield

Question 31

What is the potential risk when the tongue is anesthetized during extraoral procedures?

Answer 31

Self-trauma of the tongue ## Footnote Anesthetizing the tongue may lead to unintentional injury due to lack of sensation.

Question 32

Where is the notch located for the extraoral inferior alveolar block?

Answer 32

Just dorsal to the angle of the mandible and ventral to the condylar process ## Footnote Alternatively, a line can be drawn from the lateral canthus of the eye directly to the ventral mandible.

Question 33

What is the recommended practice for PPE when performing radiographs?

Answer 33

Lead gowns, gloves, thyroid protector, dosimeter worn outside of gown ## Footnote Best practice is to perform hands-free radiographs.

Question 34

What are the parts of the radiograph equipment?

Answer 34

X-ray generator and receptor

Question 35

What are the patient positions for taking radiographs?

Answer 35

Lateral, sternal, dorsal, angled

Question 36

What does technique in radiography describe?

Answer 36

The way you angle the generator to the sensor and the settings of the generator machine

Question 37

What is the bisecting angle technique used for?

Answer 37

All teeth except mandibular premolars ¾ and molars ## Footnote It reduces artifact of foreshortening or elongation and is typically used on cat teeth and dog upper molar/premolars.

Question 38

What is the parallel technique in radiography?

Answer 38

Aligns the beam/generator, tooth, and sensor/film ## Footnote Used on caudal mandibular premolars and molars in dogs and cats.

Question 39

What should be the focus when taking radiographs?

Answer 39

The roots

Question 40

How many radiographs are typically taken for the maxilla in canines?

Answer 40

Approximately 9 radiographs

Question 41

What is the minimum number of films required for mandibular radiographs in canines?

Answer 41

5-7 radiographs ## Footnote Minimum 10 films but depends on size of patient and film size.

Question 42

What is the typical time taken for feline radiographs?

Answer 42

10-20 minutes

Question 43

What are the two types of homecare for dental health?

Answer 43

* Active * Passive

Question 44

What is an example of active homecare?

Answer 44

Brushing or rinsing

Question 45

What type of toothpaste is ideal for animals?

Answer 45

Veterinary toothpaste ## Footnote Human toothpaste is not recommended due to harmful ingredients.

Question 46

What is the gold standard for preventative dentistry?

Answer 46

Tooth brushing

Question 47

What does the Veterinary Oral Health Council (VOHC) do?

Answer 47

Establishes protocols and standards and reviews research ## Footnote It includes representatives from professional dental colleges and allied veterinary groups.

Question 48

What is the easiest way to determine if a product is beneficial for teeth?

Answer 48

Check for a VOHC seal of approval

Question 49

What risks are associated with antlers, cow hooves, and hard bones?

Answer 49

* Fractured teeth * Foreign bodies * GI upset * Wrapped around jaw * Stuck between teeth

Question 50

What effect do tennis balls have on teeth?

Answer 50

They act like sandpaper on the teeth

Question 51

What is the difference between open and closed extractions?

Answer 51

* Open extractions heal by second intention * Closed extractions are sutured closed

Question 52

What specialty do endodontists focus on?

Answer 52

Treatment inside the tooth, including pulp and periapical tissues

Question 53

True or False: Nothing is as strong as the original tooth.

Answer 53

True