Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

HISTOLOGY > Periodontology > Flashcards

Periodontology Flashcards

1
Q

free gingiva location

A

located at the crest of the alveolus, not attached, outer boundary of the sulcus (called free because it is unattached)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

free gingival groove location

A

located at the inferior border of free gingiva, point opposite of alveolar crest, depression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

attached gingiva location

A

located below free gingival groove, lies over underlying bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

mucogingival junction

A

located where gingiva ends.
junction between gingival and oral mucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

alveolar mucosa

A

located under mucogingival junction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

gingival sulcus

A

denotes space between gingiva and tooth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

col* consists of? location?

A

consists of NONKERATINIZED TISSUE located between lingual and facial papilla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

interdental papilla

A

denotes tissue that occupies space between two adjacent teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

epithelial attachment

A

located at the base of the sulcus, where epithelium attaches to the tooth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

where does keratinization of the attached gingiva end

A

ends at the free gingival margin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

masticatory mucosa

A

KERATINIZED tissues
protect the gingiva and hard palate
keratinization of the attached gingiva ends at the free gingival margin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

lining mucosa? contains what areas

A

NONKERATINIZED TISSUES:
alveolar mucosa, soft palate, vestibular mucosa, buccal mucosa, and sublingual area as well as the sulcular and junctional epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

lining mucosa typically supports what

A

removable partial denture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

specialized mucosa

A

dorsum of tongue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

oral mucosa is composed of what layers and separated by what

A

composed of a stratified squamous epithelial layer and a connective tissue/lamina propria and are
separated by basement membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the prominent cell in the PDL**

A

fibroblasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what are fibroblasts in the PDL responsible for

A

collagen synthesis and degradation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is the healthy collar of tissue around the around the neck of the tooth*

A

gingival sulcus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

in a healthy situation, gingival sulcus is called

A

gingival sulcus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

in a periodontal situation, gingival sulcus is called

A

pocket

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

oral mucosa is what layer*

A

stratified squamous epithelial layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

3 types of mucosa

A
  1. masticatory mucosa
  2. lining mucosa
  3. specialized mucosa
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

lamina propria aka

A

connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

connective tissue (lamina propria) underlies the _____ in the _____

A

connective tissue (lamina propria) underlies the _stratified squamous epithelium____ in the _oral mucosa____

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

connective tissue (lamina propria) encircles

A

the tooth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

connective tissue (lamina propria) contains

A

blood vessels, nerve endings
is vascular and has nerve tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

connective tissue (lamina propria) contains what cells . what do these cells do

A

contain fibroblasts,
they produce collagen and elastic fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what gives connective tissue (lamina propria) its strength

A

collagen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

rete pegs*

A

epithelial extensions that project into underlying connective tissue. (think stakes in the ground to prevent tent from flying away)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

rete pegs purpose*

A

aid in increased strength between the epithelium and connective tissue and enable the epithelium to obtain its blood supply from the connective tissue papilla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

rete pegs hold what together

A

hold epithelium and connective tissue together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

marginal tissue is stippled or not stippled *****

A

marginal tissue is NOT stippled

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

attached gingiva is stippled or not stippled

A

attached gingiva is STIPPLED**

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

attached gingiva is stippled or not stippled

A

attached gingiva is STIPPLED**

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

rete pegs give the observation of

A

stippling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

PDL consists of what tissue and connect what

A

connective tissue (collagen)
connect tooth to bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

is PDL visble on radiographs

A

NO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

PDL is not visible on a radiograph, but the PDL space can be seen as what

A

radiographic lucency surrounds the root of the tooth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

widening of PDL space on radiograph can indicate what

A

occlusal trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

PDL has _____ endings but no _____

A

PDL has __nerve___ endings but no __blood vessels___

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

PDL functions (4)

A
  • resists the impact of occlusal forces (shock absorber)*
    -attach cementum to the bone by sharpeys fibers    **
    -transmit occlusal forces, touch, pressure, and pain through sensory nerve fibers
    -protect nerve and vessels from injury by surrounding root with soft tissue
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

sharpeys fibers anchor into

A

anchor into cementum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Principal fiber groups ***

A

transseptal
alveolar crest
horizontal
oblique
apical
interradicular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

transseptal— trans=across. septal= bony septum

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

transseptal connect

A

tooth to tooth.
they extend interproximally over the alveolar crest, embedded in the cementum of two adjacent teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

transseptal fibers are adjusted during*****

A

orthodontic treatment (get moved/stretched during ortho)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

alveolar crest fibers

A

located apically to the junctional epithelium and extend obliquely to the cementum to the alveolar crest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

horizontal group

A

extend at right angles to long axis of tooth
(horizontally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

oblique

A

extend from cementum in a coronal direction to the bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

which fiber withstands the masticatory stress in a vertical direction***

A

oblique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

***what is the largest and most significant fiber group

A

oblique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

apical

A

extend from cementum at root apex to the base of socket

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

interradicular: inter=between. radicular= root
in between the root

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

interradicular

A

found between root
found only in multirooted teeth.
extend from cementum at furcation to bone in furcation area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

**interradicular tooth is only present in which teeth

A

multirooted teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

sulcular fluid aka

A

crevicular fluid ,gingival crevicular fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

definition: sulcular fluid (crevicular fluid ,gingival crevicular fluid)

A

a serum-like fluid that passes from the connective tissue (lamina propria) and flows into the gingival crevice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

sulcular fluid (crevicular fluid ,gingival crevicular fluid) contains what elements

A

calcium, sodium, phosphorus, along with cells and bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

how much sulcular fluid (crevicular fluid ,gingival crevicular fluid) do you have in health vs inflammation

A

flow is minimal to absent in health
increases due to inflammation from plaque accumulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

sulcular fluid (crevicular fluid ,gingival crevicular fluid) presence of fluid depends on

A

the rate of passage is dependent on the absence or presence of inflammation in the connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

purpose of sulcular fluid (crevicular fluid ,gingival crevicular fluid)

A

cleanses the sulcus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

how can sulcular fluid (crevicular fluid ,gingival crevicular fluid) be destructive

A

can provide a source of nutrients for subgingival bacteria & supports subgingival calculus formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

what can be released in sulcular fluid (crevicular fluid ,gingival crevicular fluid) and example

A

some antibiotics are concentrated in this fluid.
ex: tetracycline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

how is cementum arranged***

A

arranged in layers or lamellae
like a rings in tree

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

patterns of formation for cementum

A

the continuous process with periods of greater and lesser activity.
forms more readily at the apex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

acellular cementum does not contain

A

does not contain cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

cellular cementum does contain

A

does contain cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

acellular cementum is located more

A

coronoal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

cellular cementum is located more

A

apical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

acellular cementum contains calcified _____
what is their significant role

A

calcified Sharpey’s fibers

play a significant role in supporting the tooth in the socket

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

cellular cementum contains less _____ and fewer______

A

cellular cementum contains less __calcification___ and fewer___sharpeys fibers___

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

cellular cementum compensated for

A

lost tooth crown length that occurs with attrition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

cementum consists of ____ tissue covering ________

A

cementum consists of _calcified__ tissue covering ___tooth root _____

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

CEJ defines the

A

tooth’s anatomic crown

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

CEJ is useful in assessing

A

useful in assessing attachment loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

what is the most common CEJ orientation**

A

overlap
cementum overlapping the enamel 60% of cases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
77
Q

what forms first, enamel or cementum

A

enamel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
78
Q

bone is referred to

A

alveolar process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
79
Q

alveoli are

A

tooth sockets
alveoli- multiple
alveolus- one

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
80
Q

cancellous bone is

A

spongy, trabeculae pattern

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
81
Q

cortical bone

A

is smooth bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
82
Q

interdental septum

A

bone in the interdental space.
area of bone between teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
83
Q

bone coverings are composed of

A

composed of vascular connective tissue containing osteogenic cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
84
Q

periosteum

A

covers outer bone surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
85
Q

endosteum

A

covers inner bone surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
86
Q

alveolar bone shape is determined by

A

size and shapes of crowns of approximating teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
87
Q

are there periodontal pockets in gingivitis?

A

NO PERIODONTAL POCKETS *

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
88
Q

dental plaque-induced gingivitis Is associated with only

A

PLAQUE ONLY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
89
Q

dental plaque-induced gingivitis is modified by

A

systemic factors, nutrition, endocrine disorders, blood dyscrasias, drug-induced enlargements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
90
Q

for non-dental plaque-induced gingivitis will debridement help

A

debridement will not help because the gingivitis is not related to the plaque

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
91
Q

non-dental plaque-induced gingivitis can be caused by

A

viral, fungal, bacterial, or genetic in origin
it is a gingival manifestation of systemic conditions
foreign body reactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
92
Q

gingivitis results from the*** important questions

A

ulceration of the sulcular lining/base of the sulcus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
93
Q

if you have a patient with non-dental plaque-induced gingivitis you would***

A

refer the patient to a primary case physician to evaluate the etiology of disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
94
Q

gingival inflammation can also be caused by

A

open contacts and subgingival margins of restorations
example- patient complaint of fraying of floss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
95
Q

necrotizing periodontal disease are in what patients **

A

patients with no known systemic disease or immune dysfunction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
96
Q

*****microbe associated with necrotizing periodontal disease

A

spirochetes & vibrios

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
97
Q

what is encouraged for necrotizing periodontal disease

A

antiobiotic therapy is encouraged

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
98
Q

what is the drug of choice for necrotizing periodontal disease? and why****

A

the drug of choice is tetracycline because it is released in GCF
- it has anti-collagenase properties (antibiotic stops the enzyme)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
99
Q

tetracycline is intrinsic or extrinsic

A

intrinsic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
100
Q

NUG and NUP primary sign**

A

punched out papilla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
101
Q

NUG affects the what component of the periodontium***

A

the interdental gingival component of the periodontium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
102
Q

NUG and NUP signs and symptoms

A

primary- punched out papilla*
pseudomembrane
fetid odor
pain
severe inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
103
Q

is a patient has punched out papilla, what disease do they have*

A

NUG or NUP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
104
Q

you only stage and grade if the patient has *

A

active periodontal disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
105
Q

staging

A

severity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
106
Q

grading predicts

A

rate of progression of disease + risk factors

107
Q

________ is not a diagnosis.
Diagnosis is _________

A

___staging and grading_____ is not a diagnosis.
Diagnosis is _periodontitis_____*

108
Q

staging and grading help clarify

A

clarify extent, severity & complexity to potential rate of disease progression (how complex it is to treat the patient)

109
Q

a patient who has a history of periodontitis is considered what and why?

A

an at-risk patient because they require a more intensive level of maintenance and evalulation

110
Q

a stable perio patient should not return to*

A

to a level of evaluation and maintenance identical to a patient who has never had periodontitis

111
Q

stage 1- disease severity

A

mild disease

112
Q

stage 1 probing depths and cal

A

<4 mm
CAL- <1-2mm

113
Q

stage 1 bone loss

A

horizontal bone loss

114
Q

stage 1 treatment

A

non-surgical treatment

115
Q

we should not be able to see patients CEJ

A
116
Q

stage 1 post-treatment

A

no post-treatment tooth loss is expected
this indicated the case has a good prognosis going into maintenance

117
Q

stage 2 disease

A

moderate disease

118
Q

stage 2 probing depths + CAL

A

<5 mm- max probing depth
CAL: <3-4 mm

119
Q

stage 2 bone loss

A

horizontal bone loss

120
Q

stage 2 treatment requirement

A

will require non-surgical and surgical treatment

121
Q

stage 2 post-treatment expectations

A

no post-treatment loss is expected , indicating the has a good prognosis going into maintenance (same as stage 1)

122
Q

stage 3 disease

A

severe disease

123
Q

stage 3 probing depths + cal

A

> 6mm or greater
CAL->5mm

124
Q

stage 3 bone loss

A

vertical or angular bone loss/ furcation involvement of class 2 or class 3

125
Q

stage 3 treatment

A

requires surgical and possibly regenerative treatment

126
Q

stage 3 risk

A

risk of losing teeth (0-4 teeth )
could have already lost 4 or less teeth

127
Q

stage 3 prognosis

A

fair prognosis going into maintenance

128
Q

stage 4 disease

A

very severe disease

129
Q

how long will stage 4 remain

A

stage 4 will remain stage 4 for life

130
Q

can stage 3 become stable?

A

stage 3 can become stable on a reduced periodontium

131
Q

stage 4 bone loss

A

(same as s3)
may have vertical bone loss and/or furcation involvement of class 2 or 3

132
Q

stage 4 probing depths and CAL

A

(same as S3)
probing depths >6mm
CAL : >5MM

133
Q

stage 4 tooth loss***

A

possibly fewer than 20 teeth remain
the patient has lost or will lose 5 or more teeth****

134
Q

stage 4 treatment

A

will often require multi-specialty treatment
advanced surgical treatment/regenerative therapy may be required
very complex implant/restorative treatment may be needed

135
Q

stage 4 prognosis

A

questionable prognosis going into maintenance

136
Q

what is more common. staging or grading

A

garding is more common

137
Q

what does grading aim to do

A

aims to indicate the rate of periodontitis progression, responsiveness to standard therapy and potential impact on systemic health

138
Q

grade A speed

A

slow rate

139
Q

grade B rate

A

moderate rate

140
Q

grade C rate

A

rapid rate

141
Q

direct evidence for grading

A

probing depths and radiographs over 5 years

142
Q

indirect evidence for grading

A

amount of bone loss a patient has based on age
amount of debris in the mouth and how the body responds to debris (how much destruction there is )

143
Q

grading modifiers

A

smoking status
diabetes status

144
Q

where is CDC located

A

atlanta georgia

145
Q

1999 used what descriptions of stage

A

used slight, moderate, and sever periodontitis and could be divided into severity levels in different parts of the mouth

146
Q

the new classification on introduced what view

A

a multidimensional view based on full-mouth diagnosis

147
Q

***a diagnosis of periodontitis is determined first with

A

staging and grading providing supplemental data

148
Q

which area determines the stage

A

the area with the most severe destruction

149
Q

a perio patient who has been treated and is now stable should receive what maintenance

A

they should not return to a level of evaluation and maintenance identical to a patient who has never has periodontitis

150
Q

a maintenance patient with active sites becomes an

A

unstable case of recurrent periodontitis

151
Q

***does the patient typically drop down to a lower stage?

A

NO

152
Q

what does periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic disease mean

A

it means if the patients have any of those diseases it will manifest into periodontitis

153
Q

familial and cyclic neutropenia oral manifestations

A

recurrent aphthous ulcers
episodic periodontitis

154
Q

neutropenia means

A

disease or problem associated with neutrophils

155
Q

down syndrome aka

A

trisomy 21

156
Q

in down syndrome patients congenital heart defects are seen in what % of cases

A

30-55% of cases
(patients can be premedicated because heart defects)

157
Q

down syndrome patients have a higher incidence of

A

cleft lip or palate

158
Q

in down syndrome what occlusion can occur

A

prognathism/protrusion of mandible,
posterior cross bite
severe crowding

159
Q

in down syndrome what occlusion can occur

A

prognathism/protrusion of the mandible,
posterior crossbite
severe crowding

160
Q

in down syndrome patients we can see macroglossia which is

A

the enlargement of tongue

161
Q

in down syndrome what we can see what sizes of tonsils / nasopharynx and can see what condition

A
  • open mouth
  • small/narrow nasopharynx
    -enlarged tonsils
  • can see xerostomia
162
Q

leukocyte adhesion deficiency syndrome can be classified as

A

periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic disease

163
Q

what systemic disorders can be classified as periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic disease (12)

A

familial and cyclic neutropenia
down syndrome
leukocyte adhesion deficiency syndrome
Papillion-le feuvre syndrome
Chediak-Higashi syndrome
Histiocytosis syndromes
glycogen storage syndrome
infantile genetic agranulocytosis
cohen syndrome
Ehlers-danlos syndrome
hypophosphatasia
associated with hematological disorders: acquired neutropenia

164
Q

how does Papillion-le feuvre syndrome show up

A

shows as hyperkeratosis (palmar-plantar)- meaning there is an overgrowth of keratinization on the palms and base of the foot

165
Q

Papillion-le feuvre syndrome can cause what of the periodontal attachment apparatus

A

generalized rapid destruction
neutrophil defects

166
Q

chediak-higashi syndrome is an inherited disorder of

A

impaired neutrophil chemotaxis

167
Q

chediak-higashi syndrome can demonstrate

A

osteogenesis imperfect and premature loss of teeth

168
Q

gingival abscess is

A

an abscess of the periodontium limited to the gingival margin or interdental papilla without the involvement of deeper structures of the periodontium
limited to gingiva
likely wont see attachment loss or bone loss associated with this

169
Q

gingival abscess results from**

A

the injury to or an infection of surface gingival tissue

170
Q

gingival abscess: pulp, location, pain?

A

vital pulp, localized, constant pain

171
Q

periodontal abscess

A

usually occurs in a site with pre-existing periodontal disease, and affects the deeper structures of the periodontium

172
Q

periodontal abscess: pulp, location, pain?

A

vital pulp, localized, constant pain

173
Q

a periodontal abscess can result from***

A

infection spreading deep into periodontal pockets and drainage is blocked
may develop from incomplete scaling(clinician cause*

174
Q

pericoronal abscess develops where? **

A

develops in inflamed dental follicular tissue overlying the crown of a partially erupted tooth*
streptococci milleri are likely involved

175
Q

flap of tissue is called

A

operculum

176
Q

what bacteria can be involved with pericoronal abscess***

A

streptococci milleri are likely involved **

177
Q

periapical abscess= endodontic-periodontal lesion

A
178
Q

systemic diseases of conditions affecting periodontal supporting tissues (5)

A

diabetes (two way street with perio)
obesity
osteopopsis
rheumatoid arthritis
tobacco dependence

179
Q

the level of glycemic control in diabetes influences the

A

grading of periodontitis

180
Q

diabetes should be included in

A

a clinical diagnosis of periodontitis as a descriptor

181
Q

compared to women with normal bone and mineral density, postmenopausal women with osteoporosis or osteopenia exhibit what?

A

exhibit a modest but significantly greater loss of periodontal attachment loss

181
Q

recent meta-analyses show a significant positive association between ___ and ___

A

recent meta-analyses show a significant positive association between obesity and periodontitis

182
Q

mucogingival deformities and conditions around teeth (6)
(changes in display)

A

gingival/soft tissue recession
lack of keratinized gingiva
decreased vestibular depth
aberrant frenum/muscle position
gingival excess
abnormal color

183
Q

fenstration*

A

bone loss occurring apically
hole in the fence

184
Q

dehiscence

A

bone loss moving from the margin

185
Q

primary occlusal trauma

A

excessive force on a tooth with normal bone support
- is reversible****
no bone loss occurred

186
Q

secondary occlusal trauma

A

normal or excessive force on a tooth with loss of support

187
Q

signs and symptoms of occlusal trauma

A
  • increased mobility**
    -tooth migration
    -sensitivity
    -radiographic widening of the PDL space (no BOP)
188
Q

a tooth in traumatic occlusion will demonstrate

A

wear facets

189
Q

for a patient who is peri-implant health*

A

you do not need to do tx

190
Q

for a patient who is peri-implant mucositis*

A

is reversible (gingivitis)

191
Q

peri-implant diseases and conditions (4)

A

peri-implant health
peri-implant mucositistis
peri-implantitis (irriversible)
peri-implant soft and hard tissue deficiencies

192
Q

hypertrophy

A

gingival enlargement due to an increase in cell size

193
Q

hyperplasia

A

gingival enlargement due to an increase in cell numbers

194
Q

**what is the primary factor in the reduction or elimination of gingival and periodontal disease

A

plaque control*****

195
Q

local etiology of plaque

A

the ability for plaque to adhere dramatically impacts the risk that plaque will impact oral disease
things that allow more plaque to accumulate

196
Q

plaque retentive factors- 3

A

irritating restorations (overhang)
food impactions (open contacts)
poor fitting crown margins

197
Q

mineralized plaque is calculus

A
198
Q

mineralized plaque sources of minerals

A

become mineralized through precipitated salts in saliva and crevicular fluid

199
Q

inorganic content of calculus

A

mainly calcium phosphate with lesser amounts of calcium carbonate

200
Q

supragingival calculus mineralization results from

A

saliva deposits occur on buccal surfaces of maxillary molars opposite to Stenson’s duct and mandibular anterior teeth opposite to Wharton’s duct

201
Q

subgingival calculus mineralization results from

A

gingival crevicular fluid depoisits occur on all root surfaces in sulcus or pockets
and is more difficult to remove than supra calc

202
Q

*tobacco use significantly influences the progression of

A

periodontal disease

203
Q

tobacco users exhibit

A

greater bone loss, increased pocket depths, and calculus formation

204
Q

tobacco use alters _________. this reduces what?

A

periodontal tissue microvasculature (shrinks microcapillaries) which means less bleeding

this reduces immunoglobin levels and antibody responses to bacterial plaque and biofilm

205
Q

tobacco users are less likely to develop

A

aphthous ulcers

206
Q

tobacco cessation may cause

A

recurrent aphthous stomatitis

207
Q

is hairy leukoplakia associated with smoking?

A

NO

208
Q

what is hairy leukoplakia associated with

A

Epstein Barr Virus

209
Q

Normal Radiographic Bone Patterns (4)

A
  • crest of alveolar bone is typically 1-2mm apical to the CEJ
    -contour of the bone follows the contour of the CEJ
    (bone in the interdental space follows bone of the contacts) will be a pointer in the anterior contacts and wider in the posterior because wider contacts )
  • uniform PDL space
    -intact lamina dura
210
Q

Horizontal bone loss radiographic findings

A

-typically indicated by >2mm loss of bone height from the CEJ

211
Q

vertical bone loss radiogarphically

A

loss of bone in the furcal space

212
Q

gingiva color in health

A

pink or coral pink or melanin pigmentation

213
Q

gingiva contour in health

A

not enlarged, fits tightly around the tooth

214
Q

gingiva consistency in health

A

firm, attached gingiva firmly bound

215
Q

gingiva texture in health

A

free gingiva is smooth
attached gingiva is stippled

216
Q

no bleeding is a criterion for healthy tissue

A
217
Q

gingiva color in disease (acute & chronic)*

A

blue: venous blood, highly vascular
acute: erythema, red associated with inflammation

218
Q

gingiva contour in disease (acute & chronic)*

A

enlarged, swollen, blunted, hyperplastic, festooned (rolled margins)

219
Q

gingiva consistency in disease (acute & chronic)*

A

acute: soft, spongy, with loss os stippling
chronic: disease is firm, hard, stippled and FIBROTIC *

220
Q

gingiva texture in disease (acute & chronic)*

A

acute: edematous. vasodilation of the peripheral circulation is noted in edema
chronic: fibrotic. highly stippled due to an increase in cellular components

221
Q

hallmark sign of acute inflammation

A

edematous

222
Q

hallmark sign of chronic inflammation

A

fibrotic

223
Q

bleeding on probing is a significant indicator of

A

inflammation

224
Q

bleeding on probing indicated

A

diseased gingiva

225
Q

ulcerated pocket wall bleeds ****

A
226
Q

probe is what type of instrument***

A

calibrated instrument***

227
Q

what do probing depths depict

A

the distance in mm from the gingival margin to the base of the sulcus or the pocket as measured with a calibrated probe
allows us to measure the sulcus or pocket

228
Q

Assessment of normal tissue with a probe

A

the junctional epithelium offers more resistance (tissue will push back and we know to stop probing)
- probing is stopped by the coronal portion of the junctional epithelium

229
Q

Assessment of gingivitis & early perio with a probe

A

the JE offers less resistance
the probe passes farther into the JE

230
Q

Assessment of advanced perio with a probe

A

the JE offers little to no resistance
probe may penetrate JE to reach the attached connective tissue fibers
(can probe all the way to connective tissue)

231
Q

suprabony pocket*

A

base of the pocket is coronal to the alveolar bone
(supra means above)
above the bone
horizontal bone loss lead to suprabony pocket

232
Q

infrabony pocket**

A

the base of the pocket is apical to the crest of the alveolar bone

233
Q

what is furcation grade measuring

A

invasion of periodontal infection into the area between and around the roots

234
Q

class 1 furcation*

A

curvature of concavity can be felt with probe tip; the probe penetrates no more than 1 mm

235
Q

class2 furcation*

A

the probe tip penetrates into furcation greater than 1mm but does not pass through

236
Q

class 3 fucation*

A

probe passes completely through furcation, but is not clinically visible

237
Q

class 4 furcation*

A

probe passes through and through
entrance to furcation is clinically visible because of the recession of the gingival margin

238
Q

CAL demonstrates what

A

enlargement, normal, and recession sites

239
Q

mucogingival examination determines the

A

width of the attached gingiva; used to determine width of attached gingiva, used to determine the amount of attached gingiva present

240
Q

to calculate the width of the attached gingival

A

subtract the probing depth from the distance between the gingival crest to the mucogingival junction

241
Q

width of the attached gingival is not calculated for

A

lingual (palatal) surfaces

242
Q

mobility grade is checked with *

A

two hard-handled instruments *

243
Q

pathologic tooth migration is indicative of

A

severe periodontis

244
Q

mobility grade 1

A

perceptible mobility <1mm in buccolingual direction

245
Q

mobility grade 2

A

> 1mm but <2mm in horizontal direction

246
Q

mobility grade 3

A

> 2mm or depressibility in the socket (horizontal and/or vertical mobility

247
Q

fremitus definition and what it is checked with

A

the palpable vibration of root surfaces when the patient taps their teeth together
checked with the pad of the index finger against the tissue overlying the root

248
Q

what is periodontal surgery

A

advanced procedures to address periodontal challenges

249
Q

gingivectomy *

A

used to treat pseudopocketing and hyperplasia

250
Q

most common surgical procedure for pocket reduction is

A

gingivectomy

251
Q

2 osseous surgeries *

A

osteoplasty- remodeling the bone
osteoectomy- removing the bone

252
Q

in osseous surgery, sutures are used to

A

close incisal edges and decrease the distance cells must travel for wound healing

253
Q

pneumatization

A

a condition in which there is a connection from the sinus to an extraction site
tooth has been extracted and sinus drops in the extraction site (maxilla)
in this area you cannot do an implant you will have to do sinus lift

254
Q

healing of the periodontium involves :

A

fibrous repair via proliferation of fibroblasts

255
Q

healing of periodontium steps

A
  1. blood clotting
  2. wound cleansing
    3, rebuilding tissue
  3. wound remodeling
256
Q

healing of periodontium step 1 : blood clotting

A

clot forms scaffolding with fibrin and platelets for PMN’s and macrophages to migrate

257
Q

healing of periodontium step 2 : wound cleansing

A

macrophages ingest debris/debride clot. PMN’s attack bacteria

258
Q

healing of periodontium step 3 : rebuilding tissue

A

fibroblasts deposit collagen
resulting tissue is edematous and highly vascular - “granulation tissue”

259
Q

healing of periodontium step 4 : wound remodeling

A

granulation tissue is remodeled into scar tissue via the long junctional epithelium

260
Q

what primarily treats infrabony defects

A

periodontal regenerative procedures

261
Q

reversible pulpitis

A

mild pulpal inflammation resulting from placement of a deep restoration; associated with episodic temperature-related pain

262
Q

occlusal trauma does not effect

A

the attached gingiva

263
Q

occlusal trauma does not cause gingivitis or periodontits because…

A

the junctional epithelium is not affected by occlusal trauma

HISTOLOGY (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions