Peritoneum

Question 1

Define peritoneum

Answer 1

Serous membrane lines the wall of the abdominal cavity

Question 2

Where does peritoneum lie

Answer 2

Lies on abdominal and pelvic organs

Question 3

Define parietal peritoneum

Answer 3

Adheres to anterior and posterior abdominal walls

Question 4

Define visceral peritoneum

Answer 4

Inner layer lines abdominal wall

Question 5

What are the layers of the peritoneum

Answer 5

Parietal
Peritoneal cavity
Visceral

Question 6

Where is the lesser sac located

Answer 6

Posterior to stomach and liver
Anterior to pancreas and duodenum

Provides space for unhindered movement of the stomach

Question 7

Where is the greater sac located

Answer 7

Extends from diaphragm to pelvic cavity

Contains liver, stomach and spleen, small intestine, ascending colon, descending colon

Question 8

Define mesentery

Answer 8

Folds in the peritoneum

Question 9

Define omenta

Answer 9

Two layers in the peritoneum which has fused.

Extend from the stomach and proximal duodenum to neighbouring organs

Question 10

Where is the greater omentum

Answer 10

Covers anterior surface of small intestine

Question 11

Where is the lesser greater omentum

Answer 11

Hangs proximal duodenum to greater curvature of the stomach

Folds attach surface of transverse colon and mesentery on inferior edge

Question 12

What is the mnemonic for retroperitoneal organs

Answer 12

SAD PUCKER

Question 13

What does the mnemonic for retroperitoneal organs stand for

Answer 13

Suprarenal (adrenal) glands
Aorta and inferior vena cava
Duodenal (distal section - everything apart from first portion)

Pancreas (except tail)
Ureters
Colon (ascending and descending)
Kidneys
E (o)esphagus
Rectum

Question 14

Is the liver intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal

Answer 14

Intraperitoneal

Question 15

Is the spleen intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal

Answer 15

Intraperitoneal

Question 16

Is the stomach intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal

Answer 16

Intraperitoneal

Question 17

Is the superior part of the duodenum intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal

Answer 17

Intraperitoneal

Question 18

Is the jejunum intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal

Answer 18

Intraperitoneal

Question 19

Is the ileum intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal

Answer 19

Intraperitoneal

Question 20

Is the transverse colon intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal

Answer 20

Intraperitoneal

Question 21

Is the sigmoid colon intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal

Answer 21

Intraperitoneal

Question 22

Is the kidney intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal

Answer 22

Retroperitoneal

Question 23

Is the adrenal intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal

Answer 23

Retroperitoneal

Question 24

Is the aorta and inferior vena cava intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal

Answer 24

Retroperitoneal

Question 25

Is the distal duodenum intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal

Answer 25

Retroperitoneal

Question 26

Is the pancreas (not including the tail) intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal

Answer 26

Retroperitoneal

Question 27

Is the ureters intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal

Answer 27

Retroperitoneal

Question 28

Is the colon (ascending and descending) intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal

Answer 28

Retroperitoneal

Question 29

Is the kidney intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal

Answer 29

Retroperitoneal

Question 30

Is the oesophagus intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal

Answer 30

Retroperitoneal

Question 31

Is the rectum intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal

Answer 31

Retroperitoneal

Question 32

What is the role of the peritoneum

Answer 32

Acts to support viscera Provides pathway for blood vessels and lymph to travel to and from the viscera

Question 33

What is pain of the parietal peritoneum

Answer 33

Well localised Sensitive to pain, pressure, laceration and temperature

Question 34

Why is pain of the peritoneum well localised

Answer 34

Receives same somatic nerve supply as the region of the abdominal wall that it lines

Question 35

What is the pain of the visceral peritoneum

Answer 35

Poorly localised Only sensitive to stretch and chemical irritation

Question 36

Describe the peritoneal cavity

Answer 36

Potential space between the parietal and visceral peritoneum Normally contains a small amount of lubricating fluid

Question 37

What type of peritoneum covers retroperitoneal organs

Answer 37

Parietal that covers the anterior surface

Question 38

What type of peritoneum covers intraperitoneal organs

Answer 38

Enveloped by visceral peritoneum

Question 39

Define secondary retroperitoneal

Answer 39

Initially intraperitoneal

Question 40

Describe a mesentery

Answer 40

Double layer of visceral peritoneum Connects intraperitoneal organs (usually) to the posterior abdominal wall Provides pathway for nerves, blood vessels and lymphatics to travel from the body wall to the viscera

Question 41

Describe omenta

Answer 41

Sheet of visceral peritoneum that extends from the stomach and proximal part of the duodenum to other abdominal organs

Question 42

How many layers of visceral peritoneum does the greater omentum contain

Answer 42

4

Question 43

How many layers of visceral peritoneum does the lesser curvature contain

Answer 43

2

Question 44

What does the lesser curvature attach

Answer 44

Lesser curvature of the stomach and the proximal part of the duodenum to the liver

Question 45

What are the parts of the lesser curvature

Answer 45

Hypogastric ligament Hepatoduodenal ligament

Question 46

What can the peritoneal cavity be divided into

Answer 46

Greater sac Lesser sac

Question 47

Where does the lesser sac lie

Answer 47

Posterior to the stomach and lesser omentum

Question 48

How is the greater sac divided

Answer 48

into 2 by the mesentery of the transverse colon Supracolic compartment Infracolic compartment

Question 49

What lies in the supracolic compartment

Answer 49

Lies above the transverse mesocolon Contains stomach, liver and spleen

Question 50

What lies in the infracolic compartment

Answer 50

Lies below the transverse mesocolon Contains small intestine, ascending and descending colon

Question 51

How are the supracolic and infracolic compartments connected

Answer 51

By the paracolic gutters which lies between the posterolateral abdominal wall and the lateral aspect of the ascending or descending colon

Question 52

What is the role of the lesser sac

Answer 52

Allows the stomach to move freely against the structures posterior and inferior to it