Peritoneum

Question 1

Where does the peritoneum lie?

Answer 1

abdominal cavity

Question 2

Parietal peritoneum does what?

Answer 2

lines abdominal wall

Question 3

Visceral peritoneum does what?

Answer 3

covers abdominal organs

Question 4

What is the peritoneal cavity?

Answer 4

potential space between parietal and visceral peritoneum, serous fluid inside

Question 5

In males is the peritoneal cavity completely closed?

Answer 5

yes

Question 6

In females is the peritoneal cavity completely closed?

Answer 6

no

Question 7

Since peritoneal cavity is not closed in females what can happen?

Answer 7

infections of vagina can spread here

Question 8

Functions of peritoneum?

Answer 8

minimize friction between organs, resist infection, fat storage

Question 9

Retroperitoneal organs are what?

Answer 9

inferior vena cava
aorta
duodenum
pancreas

Question 10

Where do retroperitoneal organs lie?

Answer 10

posterior to peritoneum and covered by peritoneum only on anterior surface

Question 11

What is the innervation of the parietal peritoneum?

Answer 11

phrenic nerve
intercostal nerves
subcostal nerve
iliohypogastric nerve
ilioinguinal nerve

Question 12

Is the parietal peritoneum sensitive to pain?

Answer 12

yes very

Question 13

What is the visceral peritoneum supplied by?

Answer 13

autonomic nerves which travel within organs it invests

Question 14

Is the visceral peritoneum sensitive to pain?

Answer 14

no it feels no pain

Question 15

What is the omentum?

Answer 15

broad, apronlike reflection of peritoneum

Question 16

What are the two omentum?

Answer 16

greater and lesser omentum

Question 17

Greater omentum is what?

Answer 17

large apronlike structure which hangs from greater curvature of the stomach, covering abdominal viscera

Question 18

How many parts does the greater omentum have?

Answer 18

3

Question 19

What are the three parts of the greater omentum?

Answer 19

Gastrophrenic ligament (between stomach and diaphragm)
Gastrosplenic ligament (between stomach and spleen)
Gastrocolic ligament (between greater curvature of stomach and transverse colon)

Question 20

What does the greater omentum due when they see infection?

Answer 20

wraps itself around organ that is inflamed preventing spread of infection

Question 21

What is the lesser omentum?

Answer 21

double layer of peritoneum which extends from porta hepatis of liver to lesser curvature of stomach

Question 22

How many parts does the lesser omentum have?

Answer 22

2

Question 23

What are the two parts of the lesser omentum?

Answer 23

Hepatogastric ligament (between liver and lesser curve of stomach)
Hepatoduodenal ligament (between liver and duodenum)

Question 24

What do peritoneal ligaments do?

Answer 24

connects organs to one another or to body wall

Question 25

What is general mesentery?

Answer 25

double layer of peritoneum which connects portion of intestine to body wall

Question 26

What is specific mesentery?

Answer 26

double layer of peritoneum which connects the jejunum and ileum to the body wall

Question 27

What is the transverse mesocolon?

Answer 27

connects transverse colon to posterior body wall

Question 28

What is sigmoid mesocolon?

Answer 28

connects sigmoid colon to pelvic wall

Question 29

What is mesoappendix?

Answer 29

connects appendix to mesentery of ileum

Question 30

What does the phrenicocolic ligament do?

Answer 30

attaches left colic flexure to diaphragm below the spleen

Question 31

What is the subdivisions of the peritoneal cavity?

Answer 31

omental bursa and greater sac

Question 32

Omental bursa is what?

Answer 32

irregularly shaped space that is a closed sac except for its opening into greater sac through omental foramen

Question 33

Greater sac is what?

Answer 33

diaphragm to pelvic floor

Question 34

What are the 5 divisions of the greater sac?

Answer 34

``` right subphrenic space left subphrenic space subhepatic space right paracolic gutter left paracolic gutter ```

Question 35

What is the hepatorenal recess an extension of?

Answer 35

subhepatic space

Question 36

Where is the right subphrenic space located?

Answer 36

below diaphragm, above liver, right of falciform ligament

Question 37

Where is the left subphrenic space located?

Answer 37

below diaphragm, above liver, left of falciform ligament

Question 38

Where is the subhepatic space located?

Answer 38

between liver and transverse colon

Question 39

Where is the right paracolic gutter?

Answer 39

longitudinal depression lateral to ascending colon

Question 40

Where is the left paracolic gutter?

Answer 40

longitudinal depression lateral to descending colon

Question 41

Why are the greater sac spaces important?

Answer 41

because they channel and compartmentalize peritoneal fluid and infectious processes

Question 42

What is the omental foramen?

Answer 42

opening between omental bursa and greater sac

Question 43

What are the boundaries of the omental foramen?

Answer 43

liver (superiorly) first part of duodenum (inferiorly) free edge of lesser omentum (anteriorly) peritoneum covering inferior vena cava (posteriorly)

Question 44

What structures pass through porta hepatis?

Answer 44

``` bile duct (to right) hepatic artery proper (to left) portal vein (behind) ```