Personality 1

Question 1

What is a personality?

Answer 1

Combo of characteristics/qualities that form an individuals distinct character

Question 2

Why do we strive to identify personality in others?

Answer 2

Predictability
Variability
Cognitive consistency - understanding an individual/situation

Question 3

Predictability, variability and cognitive consistency are three reasons that explain why we…

Answer 3

Strive to identify personality in others

Question 4

When it comes to measuring personality, there is a tradeoff between…

Answer 4

Precision and utility

Question 5

What are three controversies surrounding measures of personality?

Answer 5

a) Tradeoff between precision/utility
b) Some overshadow what is being measured
c) Are t/f responses really appropriate?

Question 6

What kind of bias can affect interpretation of results?

Answer 6

Confirmation bias

Question 7

What kind of bias can affect participation in personality studies?

Answer 7

Social desirability

Question 8

What are three main characteristics of the Type A personality?

Answer 8

a) Competitive
b) Outgoing
c) Aggressive

Question 9

What are three main characteristics of the Type B personality?

Answer 9

a) Calm
b) Easy-going
c) Procrastinator

Question 10

Type A Men are more likely to….

Answer 10

Develop cardiac problems

Question 11

Which, out of the A, B, C and D personality types have the most evidence?

Answer 11

A & B

Question 12

Which personality Type, out of C and D is most prone to depression?

Answer 12

D

Question 13

Who developed the Three Factor Model?

Answer 13

Eysenck

Question 14

What is Eysneck’s Three Factor Model closely linked to?

Answer 14

Brain function

Question 15

In the 3 Factor Model, what is extraversion/introversion linked to in terms of brain function?

Answer 15

Cortical arousal

Question 16

In the 3 Factor Model, what is neuroticism linked to in terms of brain function?

Answer 16

SNS activation

Question 17

In the 3 Factor Model, what is psychoticism related to in terms of brain function?

Answer 17

Testosterone levels

Question 18

In the 3 Factor Model, what are the three factors?

Answer 18

1) Extraversion/introversion
2) Neuroticism/stability
3) Psychoticism/socialisation

Question 19

What is each factor of the 3 factor model related to, in terms of brain function?

Answer 19

Cortical arousal
SNS activation
Testosterone levels

Question 20

How many components are in the Myers-Briggs?

Answer 20

Four, presented as dichotomies

Question 21

What are the four components of the Myers-Briggs personality model?

Answer 21

Intuition
Introversion
Feeling
Perception

Question 22

What were the Type A and type B personalities derived from?

Answer 22

Experience, with clinical/practical implications

Question 23

What is factor analysis?

Answer 23

Identifying groups of related items to make things simple

Question 24

Why do personality tests use factor analysis?

Answer 24

Allows us to correlate different characteristics into bigger groups, to simplify

Question 25

Are traits able to be changed?

Answer 25

No - assumed to be immutable

Question 26

What are 5 issues with measuring personality?

Answer 26

1) Fatigue - bland responses 2) Social desirability 3) Misleading answers in context 4) Can't use same measures with adolescents and adults 5) Interpretation

Question 27

How could interpretation affect the results of a personality study?

Answer 27

SUBJECTIVE | What does a particular set of characteristics mean?

Question 28

Why don't adult measures of personality always work well with children and adolescents?

Answer 28

TEMPERAMENT

Question 29

When is personality most prone to change?

Answer 29

Childhood & Adolescence

Question 30

______ Is inborn/innate, whereas _______ is acquired on top

Answer 30

Temperament | Personality

Question 31

How do we apply cognitive consistency to our understanding of an individual?

Answer 31

We attribute peoples behaviours to either their personality, the situation or a combination