Personality Flashcards
(20 cards)
What is personality?
Unique psychological make-up
What does personality imply?
Each person in sport has their own personality profile and that it has implications for the way coaches and performers should approach training and competition.
What is the trait theory?
Suggests that innate characteristics produce consistent behaviour.
What are the characteristics of the trait theory?
An individual is born with innate characteristics, called traits.
It’s stable
Enduring
Stays the same in different situations
Behaviour is consistent
What does the trait theory attempt?
Predict behaviour because if sports people are always going to behave in the same way, there is a good chance we can expect and predict that same behaviour most of the time.
What’s an example of the trait theory?
An extrovert basketball player may also behave in an extrovert manner at training, while playing and in team discussions.
They might always display the extrovert characteristics of being loud, bright and opinionated.
What’s the problem with the trait theory?
It doesn’t take into account personality change.
Personality and behaviour can change with the situation.
It doesn’t consider that out personalities can be formed by experience.
What is the social learning theory?
Suggest that behaviour is learned from significant others by socialisation.
What are the characteristics of the social learning theory?
Personalities develop
Not innate
Learn from others
Signifiant the others - role models, friends, etc
Associating and copying others - socialisation
What is socialisation?
Personality traits can be developed by associating with other people and picking up their behaviour.
How are we more likely to learn and copy? (SLT)
Learn reinforced behaviour that is seen as successful and powerful
More likely to copy behaviour that is consistently shown to us.
How do we learn behaviour? (SLT)
Observe
Identify
Reinforce
Copy
What is the interactionist perspective?
A theory which combines trait and social learning to predict behaviour in a specific situation.
Personality is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors
What are the two approaches?
The Lewin approach
The Hollander approach
What did Lewin suggest?
The interactionist approach is explained by Lewin’s formula:
B f(PxE) - where behaviour is a function of personality and the environment.
A performer will adapt to the situation they find themselves in - even behaving differently to how they would normally
What did Hollander suggest?
That there are 3 aspects to an individuals personality
The core
Typical responses
Role-related behaviour
What is the core?
The real you and what your true beliefs and value are.
It doesn’t change
Represents the stable aspects of your personality
Often kept hidden
What is typical responses?
Describe how individuals usually respond
What is role-related behaviour?
How an individual respond in a specific environment.
This may be uncharacteristic behaviour
It’s the most unstable aspect of your personality and does not necessarily reflect the psychological core
How can knowledge of the interactionist perspective can improve performance?
Coaches can better understand players
Might substitute players - people who have an aggressively personality are more likely to be aggressive when playing
Try to adapt the responses of players by offering cognitive and somatic strategies to reduce stress, etc.
Can plan training sessions around personality
