Personality and character

Question 1

personality

Answer 1

sum or blend of characteristics that make a person unique

Question 2

principles of personality

Answer 2

enduring (consistent across time and situation)
distinction (different between people)
contribution (collect data and theories)
feeling, thinking and behaving (all aspects considered)

Question 3

Layers of personality

Answer 3

dispositional traits
characteristic adaptations (conscious purpose)
self narrative identities

Question 4

Lewis equation for behaviour

Answer 4

B=f(P,E)

Question 5

the big 5 (OCEAN)

Answer 5

openness
conscientiousness
extraversion
agreeableness
neuroticism

Question 6

openness

Answer 6

tendency to seek new experiences

Question 7

conscientiousness

Answer 7

organisation and goal direct behaviour

Question 8

extraversion

Answer 8

quality of interpersonal interactions

Question 9

agreeableness

Answer 9

concern for cooperation and social harmony

Question 10

neuroticism

Answer 10

proneness to emotional instability

Question 11

big 5 in sport

Answer 11

elite - more extraverted and emotionally stable than recreational, higher conscientiousness and agreeableness, lower neuroticism

Question 12

what did conscientiousness positively relate to

Answer 12

quality of preparation

Question 13

what did emotional stability positively relate to

Answer 13

effective coping during competition

Question 14

what do extraverts benefit from

Answer 14

goal setting training

Question 15

what do neurotic benefit from

Answer 15

emotional control for training

Question 16

low levels of openness / emotional stability =

Answer 16

more prone to using avoidance coping strategies

Question 17

high levels of conscientiousness, extraversion / emotional stability =

Answer 17

more prone to using problem focused coping strategies

Question 18

high conscientiousness or low neuroticism =

Answer 18

more successful performance stats over a competitive season

Question 19

high agreeableness or conscientiousness =

Answer 19

more favourable relationships with teammates and coaches

Question 20

perfectionism

Answer 20

multidimensional construct characterised by setting of extremely high personal standards alongside hard criticism of ones own behaviours

Question 21

2 dimension of perfectionism

Answer 21

perfectionistic strivings
perfectionistic concerns

Question 22

perfectionistic strivings

Answer 22

self orientated striving for perfection and setting very high standards

Question 23

perfectionistic concerns

Answer 23

concerns over mistakes, fear of neg social evaluation, feelings of discrepancy between expectations and performance and neg reactions to imperfection

Question 24

perfectionistic strivings - adaptive

Answer 24

greater performance
olympic success
confidence
effective coping
self determine motivation

Question 25

perfectionistic concerns - maladaptive

Answer 25

anxiety high threat appraisals avoidance behaviour

Question 26

perfectionistic strivings & perfectionistic concerns - maladaptive

Answer 26

burnout high anxiety depression

Question 27

hope

Answer 27

ones perceived ability to accomplish goals

Question 28

2 interrelated cognitive processes for hope

Answer 28

pathways - perceived ability to plan agency - goal directed energy

Question 29

optimism

Answer 29

broader expectation that good events are more likely to happen

Question 30

association between optimism and sport

Answer 30

positively related to problem focused coping and negatively related to avoidant coping strategies

Question 31

mental toughness

Answer 31

stable disposition that is associated with ability to deal with variety of stressors yet still perform at high level under pressure

Question 32

mental toughness multidimensional

Answer 32

attitudes, emotions and cognition

Question 33

mental toughness characteristics Jones et al 2002

Answer 33

characteristics are determination, focus, confidence and perceived control

Question 34

mental toughness characteristics Gucciardi et al 2009

Answer 34

thriving through challenge, sport awareness, tough attitude and desire for success

Question 35

mental toughness predicts

Answer 35

high level performance and olympic success

Question 36

mentally tough performers are

Answer 36

high in punishment sensitivity and low reward sensitivity

Question 37

narcissism

Answer 37

a pervasive pattern of grandiosity need for admiration and lack of empathy

Question 38

narcissism characteristics

Answer 38

self aggrandising self centered entitled dominant manipulative

Question 39

narcissism in sport

Answer 39

performa well in pressured setting impacts effectiveness of psych skills

Question 40

coaching behaviour narcissists prefer

Answer 40

treating athletes as individuals

Question 41

alexithymia

Answer 41

trait deficit in emotion regulation characterised by absence of words to express ones emotions

Question 42

alexithymia in sport

Answer 42

risk taking provide emotion regulation benefit and allow individual experience to control anxiety

Question 43

other impacts on personality and character

Answer 43

goal orientations trait anxiety hardiness competitiveness proactivity genetics adversity relationships

Question 44

dark side to personality and sport

Answer 44

driven obsessional single minded narcissistic self serving indifferent malevolent ruthless

Question 45

application and implication

Answer 45

profiling to predict athletic behaviour develop athletes tailor to needs treat athletes

Question 46

what climate do narcissists prefer

Answer 46

mastery or performance motivational climate (both) gives them an opportunity to show off