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Personality Disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

Define Personality Disorder

A

Enduring pattern of inner experience or behavior that deviates from expectations of culture, manifested in two or more of the following: cognition, affectivity, interpersonal functioning, or impulse control

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2
Q

Diagnostic Criteria for Personality Disorders

A

Pattern leads to distress, impairment
Patter is stable & of long duration
Pattern not explained by another disorder
Pattern not due to substance abuse or medical condition

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3
Q

What are personality disorders linked to?

A

Mortality
Heart disease
Life satisfaction & well-being

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4
Q

Are personality disorders costly?

A

Yes

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5
Q

When there is a co-morbid personality disorder and Axis I disorder which disorder should you treat first?

A

Personality disorder

Will help the Axis I pathology

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6
Q

Cluster A Personality Disorders

A

Paranoid
Schizoid
Schizotypal

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7
Q

Cluster B Personality Disorders

A

Histrionic
Antisocial
Borderline
Narcissistic

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8
Q

Cluster C Personality Disorders

A

Compulsive
Avoidant
Dependent

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9
Q

6 Types of Personality Disorders Based on DSM 5

A 
Antisocial
Avoidant
Borderline
Narcissistic
Obsessive-Compulsive
Schizotypal
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10
Q

Which cluster of personality disorders is described as odd or eccentric?

A

Cluster A

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11
Q

Which cluster of personality disorders is described as dramatic, emotional, erratic?

A

Cluster B

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12
Q

Which cluster of personality disorders is described as anxious or fearful?

A

Cluster C

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13
Q

What does cluster A personality disorders not have?

A

Psychosis

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14
Q

Define Paranoid Personality Disorder

A

Lack of trust in others
Fear that friends may be disloyal, unfaithful
Being hypersensitive, overly suspicious, perceived as hostile

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15
Q

Paranoid Personality Disorder DSM-V Criteria

A

Pervasive distrust
Suspicion of others
Suspects that others are exploiting, harming, deceiving
Preoccupied with unjustified doubts of loyalty or trustworthiness of people
Reluctant to confide in others
Reads hidden, demeaning, threatening meaning into benign actions
Persistently bears grudges
Perceives attacks on reputation
Unjustified suspicions about fidelity of others

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16
Q

Epidemiology of Paranoid Personality Disorder

A

Men > Women

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17
Q

Co-occuring Disorders with Paranoid Personality Disorder

A

GAD
Panic disorder
Delusional disorder
Other personality disorders

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18
Q

Treatment for Paranoid Personality Disorder

A

CBT to challenge paranoid thoughts
SSRI’s to reduce suspiciousness
Day treatment programs

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19
Q

DSM-V Criteria for Schizoid Personality Disorder

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A

Detachment from social relationships
Restricted emotions
Neither desires nor enjoys social relationships
Prefers solitary activities
Has little interest in sexual experiences
Gets pleasure from few activities
Lacks close friends
Appears indifferent to praise or criticism
Shows emotional coldness, detachment, flat affect

20
Q

Treatment for Schizoid Personality Disorder

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A

Not likely to seek help
Social skills training
Low dose antipsychotics or antidepressants

21
Q

DSM-V Criteria for Schizotypal Personality Disorder

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A 
Acute discomfort with social relationships
Eccentric behavior
Ideas of reference
Odd beliefs
Unusual perceptual experiences
Odd speech
Suspiciousness or paranoid ideation
Inappropriate or constricted affect
Odd or eccentric appearance & behavior
Lack of close friends
Excessive social anxiety
22
Q

Treatment for Schizotypal Personality Disorder

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A

Social Skills Training

Low dose antipsychotics or antidepressants

23
Q

Difference Between Schizoid & Schizotypal

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A

Schizotypal: avoid social interaction because of fear of people
Schizoid: feel no desire to form relationships

24
Q

Characteristics of Cluster B Personality Disorders

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A

Self-absorbed
Prone to exaggerate importance of events
Difficulty maintaining close relationships

25
DSM-V Criteria for Antisocial Personality Disorder
Pattern of disregard for rights of others since age 15 Failure to conform to social norms, respect lawful behavior Deceitfulness, lying, conning others for profit or pleasure Impulsivity, failure to plan ahead Irritability, aggressiveness, repeated fights Reckless disregard for safety of others Consistent irresponsibility, failure to honor obligations Lack of remorse Individual is at least 18 Evidence of CD before 15 Occurrence not exclusively during course of schizophrenia or a manic episode
26
Epidemiology of Antisocial Personality Disorder
Men > Women Highest prevalence: men 25-44 Higher rates in prison, forensic settings, & substance abuse treatment programs
27
Treatment of Antisocial Personality Disorder
Court ordered Anger management Medication to treat impulsivity, aggressiveness, explosiveness & violence Group therapy
28
Define Borderline Personality Disorder
Enduring pattern of thinking, behavior that involves instability of mood, self-image, interpersonal relationships; frantic efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment; unrealistically positive or negative opinions about others
29
Epidemiology of Borderline Personality Disorder
Women > Men Threats/actions of self-harm common Black & white thinking
30
Common Co-morbidities with Borderline Personality Disorder
Mood disorder Anxiety disorder Substance use disorders
31
DSM-V Criteria for Borderline Personality Disorder
Instability in relationships Instability in self-image Marked impulsivity Frantic efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment Pattern of unstable, intense relationships Identity disturbance Impulsivity in 2+ areas that are self-damaging Recurrent suicidal behavior, gestures, threats Affective instability Chronic feelings of emptiness Inappropriate intense anger Transient, stress-related paranoid ideas
32
Treatment of Borderline Personality Disorder
Medications to treat target symptoms Acute inpatient psychiatry DBT- treatment of choice CBT
33
Define Histrionic Personality Disorder
Enduring pattern of thinking, behavior characterized by excessive emotionality & attention-seeking behavior
34
Histrionic Personality Disorder Characteristics
Self-centered Vain Demanding Dresses eccentrically, seductively
35
DSM-5 Criteria for Histrionic Personalty Disorder
Excessive emotionality Attention-seeking Being uncomfortable when not center of attention Interactions characterized by provocative, sexually seductive behavior Rapidly shifting & shallow moods Consistently uses physical appearance to draw attention to self Style of speech excessively impressionistic, lacking in detail Shows self-dramatization, exaggerated expression of emotion Suggestible, easily influenced Considers relationships more intimate than they are
36
Treatment of Histrionic Personality Disorder
CBT | Group therapy
37
DSM-V Criteria for Narcissistic Personality Disorder
``` Need for admiration Lack of empathy Grandiose sense of self-importance Preoccupied with fantasies of power, success, love Believes he/she is special or unique Sense of entitlement Takes advantage of others to achieve own needs Often envious of others Arrogant, haughty ```
38
Treatment for Narcissistic Personality Disorder
Anger management Psychotherapy for Axis I Group therapy
39
DSM-V Criteria for Avoidant Personality Disorder
Pervasive pattern of social inhibition Feelings of inadequacy Hypersensitivity to negative evaluation Avoids occupational activities that involve significant interpersonal contact (fear of criticism, disapproval, or rejection) Unwilling to get involved with people unless certain of being liked Shows restraint with intimate relationships because of fear of being shamed or ridiculed Preoccupied with being criticized or rejected in social situations Inhibited in new interpersonal situations because of feelings of inadequacy Self view of socially inept, personally unappealing, or inferior to others Unusually reluctant to take personal risks or engage in new activities
40
Treatment of Avoidant Personality Disorder
CBT Group therapy Social skills training SSRIs
41
DSM-V Criteria for Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder
Preoccupied with details, rules, lists, order, organization, or schedules (major point of activity is lost) Shows perfectionism that interferes with task completion Excessively devoted to work & productivity to the exclusion of leisure activities & friendships Overconscientious, scrupulous & inflexible about morality, ethics, or values Unable to discard worn-out or worthless objects even when no sentimental value Reluctant to delegate tasks or work with others Adopts a miserly spending style toward both self & others Rigid & stubborn
42
Treatment of Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder
CBT | Seek treatment for anxiety attacks, sexual dysfunction, fatigue, or request of family
43
DSM-V Criteria for Dependent Personality Disorder
Difficulty making everyday decisions without advice & reassurance from others needs others to assume responsibility for most major areas of life Difficulty expressing disagreement with others (fear of loss of support or approval) Difficulty initiating projects or doing things on own Goes to excessive lengths to obtain nurturance & support from others Feels uncomfortable or helpless when alone (fear of unable to care for self) Urgently seeks another relationship as source of care/support when close relationship ends Unrealistically preoccupied with fears of being left to take care of self
44
Co-Morbid Conditions with Dependent Personality Disorder
Social phobia PTSD GAD
45
Treatment of Dependent Personality Disorder
Medication for specific symptoms CBT Psychodynamic
46
DSM-V Criteria for Personality Disorder
Significant impairments in self (identity or self-direction) & interpersonal (empathy or intimacy) functioning One or more pathological personality trait domains or facets Impairments in personality functioning & the individual's personality trait expression are relatively stable across time & consistent across situations

Behavioral Health (25 decks)

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