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Year 3 - Mental Health > Personality Disorders > Flashcards

Personality Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Define personality

A

The individual differences in characteristic patterns of thinking, feeling and behaving

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2
Q

What types of factors can shape personality?

A

Biological

Psychological

Social

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3
Q

What biological factors can shape personality?

A

Genes

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4
Q

What psychological factors can chape personality?

A

Early attachment and environment

Siblings

Peer-relationship

Schooling

Traumas

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5
Q

What social factors can shape personality?

A

Socioeconomic status

War/peace

Social media

Culture

Climate

Immigration

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6
Q

What is a personality disorder?

A

A group of conditions in which an individual differs significantly from an average person, in terms of how they think, perceive, feel or relate to others

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7
Q

What 3 P’s can be used to define personality disorders?

A

Persistent

Problematic

Pervasive - across different contexts

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8
Q

How many different types of personality disorders have been identified?

A

10

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9
Q

How many clusters are the 10 different personality disorders grouped into?

A

3

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10
Q

What are the three clusters of personality disorders referred to as?

A

A, B, and C

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11
Q

Do personality disorders appear in isolation?

A

No - common to have more than one type

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12
Q

Can people have less than a ‘full’ personality disorder?

A

Yes - can present with traits of one type rather than the full disorder

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13
Q

What indicates increasing complexity in terms of personality disorders?

A

Scoring highly on severity and having different types at the same time

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14
Q

What’s personality disorders are grouped into cluster A?

A

Paranoid

Schizoid

Schizotypal

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15
Q

List some typical traits of a patient with paranoid personality disorder

A

Suspicious and mistrustful

Often misinterprets events as persecutory

Bears grudges

Have a strong sense of personal rights

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16
Q

List some typical traits of a patient with schizoid personality disorder

A

Detached, solitary, and aloof

Little interest in people and sex

Indifferent

Lacking close friends

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17
Q

List some typical traits of a patient with schizotypal personality disorder

A

Eccentric

Odd behaviour and thinking

Unconventional beliefs

18
Q

What personality disorders are grouped into cluster B?

A

Borderline

Narcissistic

Antisocial

Histrionic

19
Q

List some typical traits of a patient with borderline personality disorder

A

Emotional instability

Impulsivity

Parasuicidal acts

Chronic feelings of emptiness

Intense and unstable relationships

Fear of abandonment

20
Q

List some typical traits of a patient with narcissistic personality disorder

A

Grandiose

Self-important

Degrading others

21
Q

List some typical traits of a patient with antisocial personality disorder

A

No concern for the feelings of others

Disregard for rules

Impulsivity

Low tolerance to frustration

Failure to take responsibility

22
Q

List some typical traits of a patient with histrionic personality disorder

A

Theatrical

Dramatic

Exhibit superficial emotionality

Seductiveness

Suggestibility

23
Q

What personality disorders are grouped into cluster C?

A

Anankastic (obsessive compulsive)

Dependent

Anxious-avoidant

24
Q

List some typical traits of a patient with anankastic personality disorder

A

Rigid

Stubbornness

Perfectionistic

Pre-occupied with rules, order and routine

Have a higher sense of morality

25
Q

List some typical traits of a patient with dependent personality disorder

A

Need others to make decisions for them

Fear of abandonment

Unable to cope alone

Need reasssurance

26
Q

List some typical traits of a patient with anxious-avoidant personality disorder

A

Persistent anxiety

Sensitive to rejection

Avoid relationships unless acceptance is guaranteed

27
Q

How can attachment issues due to negative experiences as a baby (e.g. neglect or abuse) cause personality disorders?

A

Babies will grow up to feel the world is unsafe/abusive and will lack trust in other people and expect them to be hostile.

28
Q

Which type of personality disorder is most prone to self-harm?

A

Borderline - can happen in all

29
Q

Why to people with personality disorders tend to self harm?

A

As a coping mechanism in response to overwhelming states of mind

30
Q

Why should self-harm be taken seriously?

A

Might lead to serious harm or death

31
Q

Why is it important to consider attachment in adults with personality disorders?

A

Clinicians should act as a negotiator, not as an under-involved controller or over-involved pacifier

32
Q

Why do appropriate boundaries matter when dealing with patients with personality disorders?

A

To not allow the patient to feel to devoid of contact but not to let them become too attached

Keeps patient and clinician safe

33
Q

How can a clinician act as a negotiator?

A

Empower patients to make changes rather than forcing them by doing all the work for them or telling them to do it with no assistance at all

34
Q

What is a good technique to help reduce the risk self-harm poses to patients with personality disorders?

A

Treatment-harm minimisation

35
Q

How does treatment-harm minimisations work?

A

Replace typical self-harm techniques with less damaging strategies, e.g. holding ice cubes, elastic bands on wrist etc.

36
Q

Why can self-harm become addictive as a coping mechanism?

A

Releases endorphins in the brain to temporarily give a sense of well-being

37
Q

When dealing with self-harm, how can a patients emotional stability be maintained?

A

Treatment contracts should set out that the patient takes responsibility to have any self-inflicted damage medically attended to

Staff should prioritise the patient’s safety but not be critical of the self-harm

38
Q

How can treatment boundaries be maintained?

A

Professionals should be clear in explaining expectations of the service user and also consistent and reliable in doing what they have said they will do

39
Q

How can personality disorders be treated?

A

Group treatment

Dialectical behavioural therapy

Mentalisation based therapy

40
Q

When should psychotropic medication be used in personality disorders?

A

Only to treat co-morbidities

Year 3 - Mental Health (12 decks)

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