Peterson - Cerebellum Flashcards
(22 cards)
primary fissure
divides anterior and posterior lobes
vermis
divided left and right hemispheres
horizontal fissure
separates posterior lobe into superior and inferior portions
arteries
superior cerebellar artery –> top
posterior inferior cerebellar artery –> bottom
anterior inferior cerebellar artery –> anterior
posterolateral fissure
separates flocculus and nodule from cerebellum
tonsil
aka vermis IX, uvula, hemisphere HIX
-tumor can push it into foramen magnum causing it to compress medulla –> circulatory and respiratory problems
cerebellar peduncles
where fibers enter/exit cerebellum
- inferior –> afferent fibers from spinal cord and brainstem - restiform go superior and juxtarestiform go posterior
- middle –> afferent fibers from pontine
- superior –> efferent fibers to red nucleus, thalamus; afferent from limbs, auditory, visual
deep cerebellar nuclei
- dentate - lateral
- interposed nuclei - globose + emboliform
- fastigial - medial
cerebellar cortex
- molecular layer –> contain axons and dendrites
- purkinje layer –> contain Purkinje cells; has axons that leave Cortex
- granular layer –> granules with many nuclei; axons form parallel fibers in molecular layer
climbing fibers
from contralateral olivary nucleus
-climb on dendrites of Purkinje cells (direct interaction)
mossy fibers
from deep cerebellar nuclei
-dendrites synapse with granular cells which send info. down parallel fibers to interact with Purkinje cells
fine tuning cells
- basket cells - dendrites in molecular; axons branch to purkinje
- stellate cells - axons and dendrites in molecular layer
- Golgi cells - dendrites in molecular; axons to granular cells
- fine tuning cells always inhibitory
input/output to cerebellum
- excitatory fibers (climbing and mossy) enter through cerebellar peduncles –> excite Purkinje fibers sending inhibitory response to deep nuclei
- fine tuning cells - inhibitory to granular and Purkinje cells
- deep nuclei sends excitatory response to brainstem and thalamus but inhibitory to inferior olive
regional inputs
- vestibulocerebellum - vestibular inputs to flocculonodular lobe and uvula
- spinocerebellum - inputs from proprioceptors to medial hemisphere and vermis
- cerebrocerebellum - inputs from cerebral cortex to lateral hemispheres
outputs from cerebellar cortex
- lateral hemisphere –> dentate nucleus
- medial hemisphere –> interposed nuclei
- vermis –> vestigial nucleus
afferent fibers - superior cerebellar peduncle
- anterior spinocerebellar tract
- rostrocerebellar tract
- tectocerebellar tract
afferent fibers - middle cerebellar peduncles
all afferent tracts
-pontocerebellar tract
afferent fibers - inferior cerebellar peduncles
- posterior spinocerebellar tract
- cuneocerebellar tract
- vestibulocerebellar tract
- olivocerebellar tract
- reticullocerebellar tract
efferent fibers - superior cerebellar peduncle
- dentothalamic
- dentorubrothalamic
- rubrospinal
- cerebellovestibular
efferent fibers - inferior cerebellar peduncle
- cerebellovestibular
2. cerebelloreticular
anterior lobe syndrome
anterior lobe degenerates –> affect leg functioning
-staggering gate, lose coordination
neocerebellar syndrome
damage to lateral hemisphere –> change muscle tone, reflexes, and coordination on ipsilateral side