PHARM II lecture 2 Flashcards
(57 cards)
Constipation are more common in
elderly, women, patient of lower socioeconomic class
What is the Rome Criteria
Two ore more of the following symptoms for at least 3 months
-hard stools at least 25% of the time
-2 or fewer bm per week
-difficulty passing at least 25% of the time
-incomplete evacuation at a minimum 25% of the time
why is urinary incontinence associated with constipation?
bowel presses on the bladder when it is impacted
Alarm symptoms of constipation
-change in bowel habits >2 week
-worsening of constipation despite treatment
-blood in stool
Which medications commonly cause constipation?
opioids, anticholinergics, calcium containing antacids
Which medications commonly cause constipation?
opioids, anticholinergics, calcium-containing antacids
What is the goal bm for constipation?
2 or 3 normal bm per week
non-harm treatment for constipation
-fluids
-activity
-fiber in diet (25-30g/day)
Can laxative abuse cause constipation?
Yes
Bulk forming aggent
psyllium
onset of psyllium
12-72 hours
SE of bulk forming agents
-bloating
-cramping
-flatulence
which constipation med is 1st line?
psyllium
MOA of psyllium
absorb water and increase fecal mass
- require adequate hydration (8oz)
-caution in debilitated patients
what is an osmotic
miralax
onset of miralax
2.24-96 hours
what line is miralax?
2nd
SE of osmotic meds
nausea, cramping, flatulence, electrolyte disturbance
stimulants
senna
onset of senna
6-12 hours
SE of stimulants
cramping, nausea, electrolyte disturbance
which line is senna considered
2nd or 3rd
MOA for stimulants
-increase contractions of intestinal walls by stimulating nerves
-possible dependence of long term use
surfactant
docusate sodium
