Pharm: Introduction

Question 1

What does FDA Category A mean?

Answer 1

The medicine has been tested on Humans and is ok to give.

Question 2

What does FDA Category B mean?

Answer 2

Unsure about the medicine in humans but has been tested in animals and no risk was shown.

Question 3

What does FDA Category C mean?

Answer 3

Unsure about the medicines impact on humans but when given to animals, harmful effects were shown.

Only give if the benefit outweighs the risk.

Question 4

What does FDA Category D mean?

Answer 4

Human studies showed fetal harm. Only give if in a medical emergency or life-threatening situation.

Question 5

What does FDA Category X mean?

Answer 5

Human and animal studies showed serious harmful effects. DO NOT ever give in Pregnancy.

Question 6

What are the 3 names a drug can have?

Answer 6

Chemical name, Generic name, Proprietary/brand name.

Question 7

What does pharmacodynamics tell us about drugs?

Answer 7

What the drug does.

Question 8

What does pharmacokinetics tell us about drugs?

Answer 8

How the body gets the drug out.

Question 9

What is Therapeutic index (TI)?

Answer 9

Ratio of the dose of drug that produces toxicity in 50% (TD50) of the population / the dose that produces a clinically desired or effective response in 50% (ED50) of the population.

Question 10

Therapeutic index = ______ / ______

Answer 10

TD50 / ED50.

Question 11

The larger the therapeutic index, the _____ the drug.

Answer 11

safer.

Question 12

The smaller the therapeutic index, the _______ the drug.

Answer 12

Less safe.

Question 13

Which therapeutic index is safer, TI = 150 or TI = 5? And why?

Answer 13

TI = 150

Because one would need to take 150x the Estimated dosage to be toxic, whereas with TI = 5, a person would only need to take 5x the dosage to be toxic.

Question 14

The therapeutic window is the range of doses which optimize between __________ and ___________ to achieve the greatest therapeutic benefit.

Answer 14

Efficacy and toxicity.