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Pharm: Mid Term test Flashcards

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0
Q

A cough that does not produce an expulsion of fluid, mucus, or other material is termed:

productive
moist
purulent
non-productive

A

Non-productive

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1
Q

The cough center can be suppressed with antitussives. This center is located in the:

Cerebrum
Brain stem
Hypothalmus
Spinal cord

A

Brain stem

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2
Q

Diphenhydramine causes a side effect of drowsiness. The parnet class of this drug is?

a benzodiazapine tranquilizer
an opiate based emetic
an antitussive
an antihistamine

A

An antihistamine

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3
Q

Catecholamines function during which autonomic nervous system response?

sympathetic
parasympathetic
cholinergic
sympathetic blockade

A

sympathetic

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4
Q

Quinidine is a/an:

beta-adrenergic blocker; has the effect of a negative inotropic agent
arteriole dilator to help perfuse de-vascularized tissues
antiarrhythmic for atrial fibrillation
calcium channel blocker for hypertension

A

Antiarrhythmic for atrial fibrillation

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5
Q

you are assisting in a caesrian section and must stimulate respiration in one of the neonates. Name the drug that acts on the central respiratory drive center:

yohimbine
naloxone
doxapram
xylazine

A

doxapram

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6
Q

Intravenously administered lidocaine without epinephrine is used to treat?

Ventricular tachycardia and ventricular pre mature contractions
Atrial fibrillation
Hypotension form blood losses
overdose of morphine

A

Ventricular tachycardia and ventricular pre mature contractions

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7
Q

which of the following drugs has the greatest margin of safety?

TI of 5
TI of 2.5
TI of 18
TI of 7.75

A

TI of 18

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8
Q

what is the term used to describe the study of how drugs are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated (ADME) by the body?

pharmacology
Pharmacotherapeutics
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacognsy

A

Pharmacokinetics

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9
Q

which of the following drugs cannot be prescribed by a veterinarian/physician/dentist?

C I drug
C III drug
C II drug
C V drug

A

C I drug

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10
Q

The ED50 is:

A drug dose producing an observable effect in 50% of test subjects
The same as the TI
Is numerically equivalent to the LD50
Is calculated by dividing the LD50 by the ED50

A

a drug dose producing an observable effect in 50% of test subjects

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11
Q

when a drug is given by the IV route: When is the time of peak blood concentration?

15 mins
10 mins
30 mins
Immediately

A

Immediately

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12
Q

What type of tablet can be divided?

Molded
Enteric-coated (“safety caplet”)
Sustained release (Designated XR)
Scored

A

Scored

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13
Q

which of the following organs is often a primary site of drug biotransformation?

Brain
Liver
Kidney
Pancreas

A

Liver

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14
Q

Which routes might be an expected excretion pathway for a lipophilic drug?

Sputum and coughing
Bile/Feces
Expired breath
Renal Filtration/Urine

A

Bile/Feces

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15
Q

For which of the following drugs must a separate inventory and record of use/disposal be kept for eventual federal inspection?

DEA controlled substances
Generic drugs
Refrigerated drugs
Expired drugs

A

DEA controlled substances

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16
Q

The strength of binding between a drug and its cell receptor surface is termed?

Affinity
Antagonism
Synergism
Reversal agent strength

A

Affinity

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17
Q

The movement of molecules from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration, against a concetration gradient, occurs during which physiologic process?

Active transport
Passive transport
Facilitated transport
Osmosis

A

Active transport

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18
Q

Drugs that are absorbed well into the brain after crossing the blood-brain barrier, are frequently:

Lipophilic
Hydrophilic
Hydrophobic
Cationic

A

Lipophilic

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19
Q

Equal amount of what drug is most commonly combined with diazapam in order to produce a hypnotic cocktail for short term, minor surgery or for the induction of general anesthesia?

Ketamine
Xylazine
Metetomidine
Oxymorphone

20
Q

Which of the following drug(s) is/are an alpha 2 agonists?

Medetomidine
Xylazine
Prochlorperazine
a & b

21
Q

Which of the following drugs is contraindicated as an anticonvulsant?

Diazepam
Potassium bromide
Phenobarbital
Medetomidine

22
Q

What neurotransmitters is (are) associated with the sympathetic nervous system

Epinephrine, nor-epinephrine and dopamine
GABA
Serotonin
None of these

Study These Flashcards
A

Epinephrine, nor-epinephrine and dopamine

23
Q

What is the reversal agent for medetomidine or dexamedetomidine?

acepromazine
xylazine
diazepam
GABA
none of these
Study These Flashcards
A

none of these

24
If the viscosity of respiratory secretions is reduced the agent class is termed a decongestant antitussive mucolytic expectorant
Mucolytic
25
Atropine is a/an? cholinergic agent adrenergic agent anticholinergic adrenergic antagonist
anticholinergic
26
Which is the most accurate statement regarding the hormone aldosterone? is released into the blood stream in response to low sodium levels Release is controlled from the hypothalmus Release is controlled from the level of circulating calcium Conserves sodium and water a and c
conserves sodium and water
27
Which of the following drugs used in the respiratory system is a expectorant? Theophylline Terbutaline Guaifenesin Doxopram
Guaifenesin
28
Acepromazine is a/an: opiod phenothiazine class tranquilizer alpha-2 agonist class hypnotic cerebral-thalamic dissociative anesthetic agent
phenothiazine class tranquilizer
29
An example of an adrenergic agonist drug would be? Phenylpropanolamine Xylazine Diazepam Methohexital
Phenylpropanolamine
30
Which of the following is a dissociative anesthetic? ``` Hydromorphone Diazepam Methohexital Bethanecol none of these ```
none of these
31
Which group of anesthetics causes lots of muscle rigidity with mild analgesia? Dissociatives alpa-2 agonists phenothiazine class tranquilizer thiobarbiturates if given quickly
Dissociatives
32
Propofol is most properly described as a/an? hypnotic opioid alpha-2 agonist anesthetic agent major tranquilizer
hypnotic
33
An example of a loop diuretic class member is mannitol 25% spironolactone furosemide hydrochlorothiazide
furosemide
34
An example of a urinary acidifier is ``` Hydrochloric acid ascorbic acid potassium citrate dl-methionine b & d ```
b & d ascorbic acid and dl-methionine
35
For acquired incontinence in an elderly female dog: a hormone that may provide a benefit to her urinary incontinence is? Winstrol-V an anabolic steroid with masculinizing and testosterone-like effects Estriol or diethylstilbesterol (DES); estrogenic compounds Ovaban; a synthetic progestogen
Estriol or diethylstilbesterol (DES); estrogenic compounds
36
As mentioned as class oxygen gas can be considered a 'drug' for therapy when use in which mannor Hypobaric pressures Hyperbaric pressures When carrying nebulized agents such a Terbutaline When carrying vaporized agents such as Sevoflurane
Hyperbaric pressures
37
Mibolerone (Cheque) is an agent designed to suppress the canine estrus cylcle? T F
T
38
A frequent and important site of drug biotransformation Spleen Liver Kidney Adrenals
Liver
39
The percentage of the total drug dose that ultimately reaches the blood stream is called Absorption Distribution Bioavailability Clearance
Bioavailability
40
Ten milliliters of a 2.5% solution will contain 250mg 25mg 2.5g 2.5mg
250 2.5% is .25g x 1000 = 250mg
41
Which statement (s) seems to best apply to Propofol which is an intravenous hypnotic commonly used to induce hypnosis prior to general anesthesia ``` looks like milk wide margin of safety short duration of action due to re-distribution to fat a and b a and c b and c ```
a and c, looks like milk and short duration of action due to re-distribution to fat
42
which of the following opiate(s) has a combined agonist/antagonist effect on receptors oxymorphone meperidine butorphanol fentanyl
butorphanol
43
loop diuretics such as furosamide are so powerful they can cause dehydration in normal animals cannot be used simultaneously with ACE inhibitors such as Enalapril Poor safety in cats with pulmonary edema Hypokalemia (with chronic use)
Hypokalemia (with chronic use)
44
The regulatory agency that oversees development/approval of animal topical pesticides is the FDA EPA USDA DEA
EPA
45
When a drug is said to have a narrow therapeutic range it means that its effective and toxic doses are close to each other it may only be used to treat a few disorders it must be dosed frequently it must be given in higher concentrations to be effective
its effective and toxic doses are close to each other
46
You are working a shift in an emergency clinic and a 50lb dog presents in full Grand Mal seizures. Your clinician requests 1 mg/kg diazepam for IV administration. The drug concentration is 5 mg/mL. How many milliliters will you draw into a syringe? Please show your calculation.
50lb=22.7kg 1mg/kg = x mg/22.7kg = 22.7mg 5mg/mL = 22.7mg/x mL = (4.5mL)
47
"Buttons" a 4.5 Y M/C cat, is recovering from general anesthesia after an exploratory laparotomy. The drug given, in addition to others, was morphine. Because of the morphine you anticipate all of the following EXCEPT: He will be most comfortable recovering in a dark, quite room He will probably vomit and defecate He will have a rapid and deep breathing pattern (hyperventilation) He will by hypersensitive to sounds such as kennel clatter and barking dogs
He will have a rapid and deep breathing pattern (hyperventilation)
48
A cow is accidentally given an equine dose of xylazine which is a 5 to 10 times overdose due to interspecies differences in response to this drug. What drug can be given to moderate the effects of overdosage Dopamine Yohimbine Naloxone Atropine
Yohimbine

Pharmacology (20 decks)

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