Pharma Halo-halo 3 Flashcards
(23 cards)
Most common extracardiac toxicity of digitalis
Gastrointestinal tract (Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea)
Other effects of digitalis on other organs
Disorientation and hallucination
Abberations of color perception
Gynecomastia
Antiseizure drugs tath act on Na channels
Phenytoin
Carbamazepine
Oxcarbazepine
Lamotrigine
Antiseizures that act on calcium channels
Ethosuximide (T-type)
Anti-seizures that act on GABA
Phenobarbital
Primidone
Benzodiazepines
Antiseizure that acts on SV2A synaptic release machinery
Levetiracetam
Antiseizures that act on a2d synaptic release machinery
Gabapentin
Pregabalin
Adverse effects of valproic acid
“Val goes to GH, get FAT”
Gastrointestinal (m/c) Hepatic toxicity (idiosyncratic)
Fine tremor at high levels
Ammonia, blood levels increased
Thrombocytopenia (no documented cases of abnormal bleeding tho)
How much caffeine in a cup of coffee
~100mg (Katzung)
Remark/s on theophylline
“…. and the toxicities and need for monitoring of blood concentration of theophylline have made it almost obsolete in asthma treatment.”keto
Azoles that are now used only topically
Miconazole and clotrimazole (Katzung)
Imidazoles
Ketokonazole
Miconazole
Clotrimazole
*imidazoles exhibit a lesser degre of selectivity to fungi, accounting for their higher incidence of drug interactions and adverse effects
Triazoles
Intraconazole Fluconazole Voriconazole Isavuconazole Posaconazole
Azole with high oral bioavailability
Fluconazole
DOC for histoplasma
Itraconazole
Also for blastomyces and sporothrix
DOC for invasive aspergillosis
Voriconazole (Katzung)
Amphotericin B or voriconazole (Jawetz) 📌
DOC for aspergilloma
Itraconzaole or amphotericin B and surgery (Jawetz)
DOC for allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA)
Itraconazole
Acute exacerbations of ABPA respond well to a short course of glucocorticoids
DOC in treatmetn of ccryptococcal meningitis
Fluconazole
*also the one most commonly used in mucocutaneous candidiasis
**ketokonazole and itraconazole penetrates poorly into the CSF
DOC for secondary prophyaxis of cryptococcal meningitis
Fluconazole
Azole s/e: changes in color vision or brightness
Voriconazole (resolves within 30 mins)
Also cause photosensitivity dermatitis in chronic oral therapy
Widest therapeutic index of the azoles
Fluconazole
Broadest-spectrum of the azoles
Posaconazole
- first azole with significant activity vs the agents of mucormycosis
- salvage tx for invasive aspergillosis
- propphylaxis of fungal infection during induction chemo for leukemia and for BM transplant patients with GVHD
