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Pharma; Re 2 > Pharma Halo-halo 7 > Flashcards

Pharma Halo-halo 7 Flashcards

1
Q

Piroxicam class

A

nonselective NSAID

  • ibuprofen
  • indomethacin
  • ketorolac
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2
Q

unfamiliar nsaids

A 
piroxicam
phenylbutazone
diclofenac
nabumetone
tolmetin

“PaPa, DoN’T”

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3
Q

drugs used for alcohol dependence

A

“Do Not SMB”

Disulfiram
Naltrexone
SSRI
Mixed agonist-antagonist (Buprenorphine, NALBUPHINE…)
Bupropion (antidepressant, DNRI, also for smoking cessation)

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4
Q

drugs used for smoking cessation

A

“LoVeR Boy”

Lobeline
Varenicline (nicotine)
Rimonabant
Bupropion (anti-depressant, DNRI)

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5
Q

what are drugs for obesity

A

Sibutramine (SNRI? anorectic effect)
Orlistat (inhibits lipases)
Rimonabant

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6
Q

what is rimonabant

A

MOA: selectively blocks cannabinoid-1 (CB-1 receptors
-reduces appetitis (anorectice effect

USES

  • obesity
  • smoking cessation
  • drug addiction

S/E

  • suicidality
  • depression
  • nausea
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7
Q

Suicide inhibitors

A

bind irreversibly to metabolizing enzymes

“FPANESS”

Fluroxene
PTU
Allopurinol
Norethindrone
Ethinyl estradiol
Spironolactone
Secobarbital
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8
Q

drugs that can cause suicidal ideation

A 
“GunneRRSS”
Guanethidine (blocks NE vesicular release) Rimonabant (CB-1 blocker)
Reserpine (VMAT blocker)
Sedative-hypnotic withdrawal
SNRI
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9
Q

DOC for suicidal schizophrenia

A

clozapine

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10
Q

opioid commonly used in suicide

A

propoxyphene

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11
Q

decongestnt, topical

A

phenylephrine

oxymetazoline

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12
Q

decongestant, systemic

A

phenylephrine

pseudoephedrine

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13
Q

guaifenesin MOA

A

expectorant
may act as an irritant to gastric vagal receptors, and recruit efferent parasympathetic reflexes that cause glandular exocytosis of a LESS VISCOUS mucus mixture

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14
Q

antitussive

A 
butamirate (central, non-opioid) 
codeine (cetral)
†dextromethorphan (central)
Levopropoxyphene
Levodropropizine (peripheral)
levorphanol?
Noscapine

†dextromethorphan banned in <6 y/o (increasing reports of deaths)
†dextromethorphan: methylated derivative of LEVORPHANOL

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15
Q

mucolytic

A 
acetylcysteine
ambroxol
bromhexine
carbocisteine
Erdosteine

MOA: reduce disulfide bridges that bind glycoproteins to other proteins such as albumin

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16
Q

remarks on lagundi

A

vitex negundo

  • MOA: PDE 3 inhibitor
  • inhibits Ca++ entry (acts as CCB), which partly explains its bronchodilatory effect
  • COX2 inhibitor
17
Q

peripherally acting antitussive

A

LEVODROPROPIZINE

-modulates C-fiber activity

18
Q

MOA of NAC in acetaminophen toxicity

A

NAC converts back the oxidized GLUTATHIONE to the REDUCED FORM the works as ANTIOXIDANT to counteract the reactive metabolite of acetaminophen known as NAPQ1 (free radical)

19
Q

effects of dopamine receptor blockade

A

“DATE HoN”

dystonia (involuntary muscle contractions)
akathisia (urge to move)
tardive dyskinesia (involuntary movements)
†EPS
hyperprolactinemia
neuroleptic malignant syndrome

(such as in Haloperidol)

†EPS: dystonia, akathisia, tremor, tardive dyskinesia

20
Q

what is zolpidem

A

†MISCELLANEOUS SEDATIVE-HYPNOTIC

  • one of the newer hypnotics
  • acts on GABA-A
  • for insomnia and sleep disorders
  • S/E: day-after psychomotor depression, few amnestic effects, dizziness (FALLS, ACCIDENTS), dependnce liability
  • antidote: also FLUMAZENIL

†also include buspirone, chloral hydrate, eszopiclone, zaleplon, ramelteon (melatonist agonist)

21
Q

newer hypnotic that has little effect on total sleep time, NREM, or REM sleep

A

Zaleplon

22
Q

most common reversible cause of confusional states in the elderly

A

overuse of sedative-hypnotics

23
Q

Peripheral metabolism of L-DOPA

A

via DOPA decarboxylase to dopamine
-enz inhibited by CARBIDOPA

via COMT to 3-O-methyldopa
-enz inhibited by ªENTACAPONE, †TOLCAPONE

ªentacapone is preferred bec it has NOT been assoc’d with hepatotoxicty
ªentacapone needs to be taken WITH EACH DOSE of levodopa, up to 6x daily
†tolcapone also has CENTRAL effects

24
Q

s/e of COMT inhibitors

A

orange urine

tolcapone: liver toxicity (assoc’d with acute hepatic failure)

25
Q

what is anhedonia

A

lack of pleasure or the capacity to experience it

26
Q

drugs that cause mental depression

A 
methyldopa 
analogs of FSH/LH
asparaginase
reserspine
Rimonabant
cocaine withdrawal
COC
Cyproterone
Finasteride
interferon-α 
nicotine

Pharma; Re 2 (12 decks)

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