Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Neurology > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

(70 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Polycystic ovary syndrome can cause:
a. lamotrigine - aplastic anaemia …
b. carbamazepine - lupus-like syndrome, aplastic anaemia
c. levetiracetam - drowsiness, dizziness, ataxia, irritability
d. valproate - weight gain, alopecia, GIT symptoms, tremor,
pancreatitis, hepatitis in children, thrombocytopenia,
hyperammonaemia

A

d. valproate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Choose the correct Heparin statements:
a. It is given up to 6 months after a cerebral infarction because of
the risk of thrombosis.

A

a. It is given up to 6 months after a cerebral infarction because of
the risk of thrombosis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Claims about various epilepsy drugs:
a. topiramate may cause cognitive impairment.

A

a. topiramate may cause cognitive impairment.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which protease does rivaroxaban block?
a. Xa

A

a. Xa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

A cure for status epilepticus:
a. diazepam.

A

a. diazepam.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How do we reduce a preoperative tumour?
a. Procarbazine - chemotherapeutic agent
b. lomustine - a chemotherapeutic agent that crosses the BBB and is therefore
suitable for the treatment of brain tumours
c. vincristine - chemotherapeutic agent

A

a. Procarbazine
b. lomustine
c. vincristine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is not applicable to ICP-reducing drugs?
a. Acetazolamide increases the production of liquor

A

a. Acetazolamide increases the production of liquor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

A cure for absence:
a. Calcium T-channel blocker.

A

a. Calcium T-channel blocker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Warfarin successfully prevents stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation because its
effect is slower than that of heparin.
a. both statements are correct
b. both statements are correct and causally linked
c. the first statement is correct, the second is not
d. the first statement is incorrect, the second is correct
e. both statements are incorrect

A

a. both statements are correct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Clopidogrel is a pre-medication. Clopidogrel and aspirin act on the same receptor.
a. first correct, second incorrect
b. both correct

A

a. first correct, second incorrect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Why do dopamine agonists, when injected, cause first deterioration and then
improvement?
a. Dopaminergic denervation hypersensitivity - increased sensitivity of
receptors to endogenous and exogenous dopamine.

A

a. Dopaminergic denervation hypersensitivity - increased sensitivity of
receptors to endogenous and exogenous dopamine.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where is the main serotonin nucleus in the nervous system?
a. Raphe nuclei in the brainstem.

A

a. Raphe nuclei in the brainstem.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Hyperplastic gingiva is a side effect of which medicine?
a. Phenobarbitone
b. phenytoin

A

b. phenytoin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which motor effects are not side effects of L-dopa treatment?
a. Myoclonisms
b. dystonias
c. choreatic joints
d. on-off phenomenon

A

a. Myoclonisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Choose the correct statement about low molecular weight heparin.
a. crosses the placenta despite its high molecular weight
b. side effect with chronic use is thrombocytopenia

A

b. side effect with chronic use is thrombocytopenia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Choose the wrong statement about warfarin:
a. the antidote is vitamin K
b. do not give it with aspirin
c. low therapeutic index, watch out for interactions
d. warfarin overdose leads to increased blood clotting

A

d. warfarin overdose leads to increased blood clotting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Reteplase has a longer half-life than alteplase and is therefore injected in bolus.
a. both correct and causally linked
b. both wrong

A

a. both correct and causally linked

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Correct claim about diazepam?
a. GABA partial agonist
b. GABE modulator
c. GABA-A receptor activator

A

c. GABA-A receptor activator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Direct plasminogen activator:
a. alteplase - also reteplase and duteplase
b. urokinase - also streptokinase

A

a. alteplase - also reteplase and duteplase
b. urokinase - also streptokinase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Which is not a side effect of heparin?
a. osteoporosis
b. gynaecomastia
c. thrombocytopenia
d. bleeding
e. pathological liver tests

A

b. gynaecomastia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Warfarin interactions:
a. chloramphenicol
b. diazepam

A

a. chloramphenicol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Carbamazepine is not suitable for any of these conditions:
a. partial seizure
b. tonic clonic seizure,
c. neuropathic pain
d. absence
e. none of the above

A

d. absence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

To which factor does abciximab (an antiplatelet drug) bind?
a. on the GP IIb/IIIa receptor

A

a. on the GP IIb/IIIa receptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Dopamine:
a. inhibits indirectly, stimulates direct pathway in striatum
b. inhibits directly, promotes indirectly
c. both inhibited
d. both encouraged

A

a. inhibits indirectly, stimulates direct pathway in striatum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
The striatum is where most of the carrier is located: a. dopamine b. serotonin c. GABA
a. dopamine
26
Which drug acts as an ADP receptor antagonist? a. clopidogrel b. dipyridamole
a. clopidogrel
27
What do we do to prevent nausea? a. Domperidone
a. Domperidone
28
How does amantadine affect me? a. increases dopamine release
a. increases dopamine release
29
Which drugs can cause neuroleptic malignant syndrome: a. L-dopa b. dopamine agonists c. abrupt cessation of dopamine agonists d. all of the following
c. abrupt cessation of dopamine agonists
30
Phenytoin toxicity: a. ataxia b. somnolence c. muscle weakness d. baldness
a. ataxia
31
Which drug causes hyponatraemia? a. carbamazepine
a. carbamazepine
32
Warfarin is given for atrial fibrillation, has a later onset of action than heparin and a longer half-life than heparin. a. both statements are correct
a. both statements are correct
33
Apomorphine claims: a. action on the presynaptic membrane b. postsynaptic membrane.
b. postsynaptic membrane.
34
Why do adverse motor signs occur in L-dopa? a. Increased plasma dopamine concentration.
a. Increased plasma dopamine concentration.
35
How can warfarin be administered? a. intramuscular b. orally c. intravenous d. rectal e. subcutaneous
b. orally
36
Low molecular weight heparins affect: a. fibrin synthesis b. activation of factor X c. prothrombin activation d. binding of thromboxane to platelets e. binding of factor Xa to the heparin:antithrombin III complex
e. binding of factor Xa to the heparin:antithrombin III complex
37
Warfarin successfully prevents stroke in patients who have atrial fibrillation because it prevents platelet aggregation. a. both statements are correct b. both statements are correct and causally linked c. the first statement is correct, the second is not d. the first statement is incorrect, the second is correct e. both statements are incorrect
c. the first statement is correct, the second is not
38
Rivaroxaban is an anticoagulant drug with a favourable pharmacokinetic profile. As a result, it causes fewer side effects due to drug interactions than warfarin. a. both statements are correct b. both statements are correct and causally linked c. the first statement is correct, the second is not d. the first statement is incorrect, the second is correct e. both statements are incorrect
b. both statements are correct and causally linked
39
Circle the statement that applies to aspirin: a. the antiplatelet action of aspirin lasts for approximately five times half the half-life b. aspirin's antiplatelet action is significantly longer than its half-life c. aspirin's antiplatelet action is shorter than its half-life d. aspirin's antiplatelet action lasts the same as its half-life e. the antiplatelet action of aspirin depends only on the current concentration at the site of action
b. aspirin's antiplatelet action is significantly longer than its half-life
40
The drug of choice for Parkinson's disease is levodopa. It enters the central nervous system by: a. does not enter the central nervous system at all unless a transporter is added to the pharmaceutical preparation b. diffusion c. active transport d. andocytosis e. pinocytosis
b. diffusion
41
Dopamine receptor agonists, e.g. ropinirole, can also cause: a. Excessive appetite b. alleviate nausea - this is what D2 dopamine antagonists do c. hyperpyrexia d. impulsive behaviour e. gynaecomastia
d. impulsive behaviour
42
The folds that can occur after prolonged treatment with levodopa are usually due to: a. reduced plasma levodopa concentrations b. altered levodopa metabolism locally in the brain c. increased permeability of the blood-brain barrier to levodopa d. increased plasma levodopa concentrations e. faster dopamine metabolism
d. increased plasma levodopa concentrations
43
Apomorphine must be given by continuous subcutaneous infusion because: a. is a protein b. would not be absorbed in the intestine c. undergoes first-pass metabolism, which converts it to morphine d. has a short half-life e. none of the above
d. has a short half-life
44
Levetiracetam works through a. inhibition of voltage-dependent sodium channels b. inhibition of voltage-dependent calcium channels c. inhibition of neurotransmitter release d. antagonism at AMPA receptors e. increases the concentration of GABA in the synapse
b. inhibition of voltage-dependent calcium channels c. inhibition of neurotransmitter release
45
The rash is most commonly caused by: a. gabapentin b. topiramate c. diazepam d. lamotrigine
d. lamotrigine
46
Where is noradrenaline made? a. locus ceruleus b. Meynert - acetylcholine c. substantia nigra - dopamine
a. locus ceruleus
47
How does phenytoin affect the cytochrome P450 system? a. It speeds up its metabolism.
a. It speeds up its metabolism.
48
Which drug causes fetal malformations? a. Valproate.
a. Valproate.
49
We add carbidopa to L-dopa because: a. increases L-dopa uptake in the central nervous system b. Inhibits MAO
a. increases L-dopa uptake in the central nervous system
50
If we only give the patient L-dopa, it will enter the CNS a. 80-90% b. 60-80% c. 30-50% d. 5-10% e. 1-2%
e. 1-2%
51
Carbamazepine is a medicine that should not be prescribed: a. professional drivers b. for pregnant women c. for post-menopausal women
b. for pregnant women
52
Carbamazepine - we need to increase the dose after a while because: a. induces enzymes that speed up its breakdown b. its elimination is slowed down
a. induces enzymes that speed up its breakdown
53
Aspirin: a. reduces thromboxane synthesis b. increases thromboxane synthesis and prostacyclin synthesis
a. reduces thromboxane synthesis
54
Warfarin - reduces its action: a. barbiturates b. chloramphenicol c. SSRIS
a. barbiturates
55
Levitacetaram is a favourable medicine because it has: a. high therapeutic index.
a. high therapeutic index.
56
Which medicine is not an immunomodulator? a. methylprednisolone (corticosteroid) b. interferon beta c. natalizumab - used in MS, an antibody against integrins, which prevents T leukocytes from entering the BBB. d. glatiramer acetate - an immunomodulator used in MS
a. methylprednisolone (corticosteroid)
57
Riluzole works by: a. motorised tiles b. glycine synapses c. glutamate receptors d. corticospinal route e. centre for breathing in the pons
c. glutamate receptors
58
What is not the case with natalizumab? a. is as effective as Interferon Beta b. is a monoclonal antibody c. prevents T lymphocytes from crossing the BBB d. causes multifocal leukoencephalopathy
a. is as effective as Interferon Beta
59
Carbamazepine is a sodium channel inducer and is the drug of choice for absence. a. both wrong b. all possible combinations
a. both wrong
60
What do we decide on antiepileptic drugs? a. care b. type of attacks c. Co d. associated diseases e. all of the above
e. all of the above
61
Which antiepileptic inhibits GABA transaminase? a. gabapentin b. prednisolone c. vigabatrin d. valproate
c. vigabatrin d. valproate
62
Why not give heparin orally? a. because it is not an electroneutral molecule b. because it is a high molecular weight molecule c. because it has bound magnesium d. a + b
d. a + b
63
Which statement about fragmented heparin or low molecular weight heparin is correct? a. is the drug of choice for starting anticoagulant treatment b. is a safer medicine than heparin c. administered intravenously d. is teratogenic e. used in pregnant women
b. is a safer medicine than heparin
64
Warfarin acts directly as a factor Xa inhibitor. Its effects become apparent after 24 hours. a. both statements are correct b. both statements are incorrect c. the first statement is correct, the second statement is incorrect d. the first statement is incorrect, the second statement is correct
b. both statements are incorrect
65
For rivaroxaban: a. is a factor Xa inhibitor b. alters the genetic expression of factor XII c. has a narrow therapeutic window d. acts similarly to heparin e. acts similarly to reteplase
a. is a factor Xa inhibitor
66
For heparin: a. It can be used for chronic conditions b. It is safe and can be given to pregnant women c. It should not be given to pregnant women d. Low molecular weight is a safe anticoagulant
b. It is safe and can be given to pregnant women d. Low molecular weight is a safe anticoagulant
67
Which statement about aspirin is not correct? a. irreversibly inhibits COX-1 and COX-2 b. antithrombotic activity is due to COX-2 inhibition c. the effect lasts 4-10 days, due to inhibition of platelet-building proteins d. rapidly eliminated due to first-pass metabolism e. synergistic with clopidogrel
b. antithrombotic activity is due to COX-2 inhibition
68
What percentage of patients are not helped by antiepileptics? a. 10-20% b. 20-30% c. 40-50% d. 60-70% e. 1-3%
b. 20-30%
69
What applies to domperidone? a. is a dopamine D2 receptor agonist and is used to relieve nausea b. is a D2 dopamine receptor antagonist and is used to relieve nausea c. is a D1 and D2 dopamine receptor antagonist and is used to relieve nausea d. is a D2 and D3 dopamine receptor antagonist and is used to relieve nausea
d. is a D2 and D3 dopamine receptor antagonist and is used to relieve nausea
70
Low molecular weight heparin is administered: a. intramuscular b. intravenous c. subcutaneous d. rectal e. orally
c. subcutaneous

Neurology (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions