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Neurology > Radiology > Flashcards

Radiology Flashcards

1
Q

What are we looking at with the FDG/PET scan?
a. flow through the brain
b. inhibitory synapse activity
c. excitatory synapse activity
d. none of the above

A

d. none of the above

Glucose comsumption

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2
Q

FDG/PET scan in focal epileptic seizure:
a. increased activity in the interictal focus
b. reduced activity in the interictal focus
c. reduced activity in the focus during an attack
d. increased activity in the hemisphere during an attack
e. increased activity in the whole brain during a seizure

A

b. reduced activity in the interictal focus

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3
Q

What is measured by FDG/PET brain imaging?
a. Afferent synaptic activity of neurons

A

a. Afferent synaptic activity of neurons

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4
Q

What are we looking for with CT perfusion after acute ischaemic stroke?
a. Area of reversible ischaemic stroke - penumbro

A

a. Area of reversible ischaemic stroke - penumbro

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5
Q

Claims about DSAs:
a. is the least invasive test to detect vascular malformations in the spinal
canal
b. is the most accurate test for the visualization of vascular
malformations in the spinal canal
c. has a lower spatial resolution than CTA
d. has poor spatial resolution from the MRA
e. is only a morphological examination of the spinal veins, as it does not
show the dynamics of the flows

A

b. is the most accurate test for the visualization of vascular
malformations in the spinal canal

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6
Q

CT and CTA image of someone with endocarditis and bleeding in the brain
a. mycotic aneurysm
b. aneurysm due to hypertension

A

a. mycotic aneurysm

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7
Q

First investigation for SAH:
a. CT
b. MRI
c. DSA
d. lumbar puncture

A

a. CT

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8
Q

MRI for Alzheimer’s, what is MTA?
a. medial temporal lobe atrophy index.

A

a. medial temporal lobe atrophy index.

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9
Q

The advantage of CT scanning for haemorrhage:
a. Price
b. price and speed
c. speed
d. Accessibility
e. c and d

A

e. c and d

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10
Q

MRA is imaged with gadolinium. pMRI is imaged with gadolinium. Only pregnant
women are imaged.
a. all incorrect
b. all correct
c. first two correct, last one incorrect

A

c. first two correct, last one incorrect

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11
Q

Man in coma after cardiac arrest. Which investigation tells the most about prognosis:
a. CT brain
b. EEG
c. Cardiac ultrasound
d. value of CK

A

b. EEG

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12
Q

DSA is the gold standard for cerebral vascular imaging. It is both a diagnostic and
a therapeutic method.
a. both statements are correct
b. the first statement is correct, the second is incorrect
c. both statements are incorrect

A

a. both statements are correct

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13
Q

X-ray of the leg with plates and screws, what not to do:
a. RTG
b. MRI
c. lumbar puncture
d. EEG
e. myelography

A

b. MRI

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14
Q

In which case is CT less sensitive than MRI?
a. For medulla injuries.

A

a. For medulla injuries.

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15
Q

When would I do a Doppler carotid?
a. someone who has recurrent left and right-sided TIAs,
b. unilateral TIAs only
c. all of the above

A

c. all of the above

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16
Q

CT with hyperdense lesions left occipital. What do you find in the patient:
a. right homonymous hemianopsia

A

a. right homonymous hemianopsia

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17
Q

MRI with hyperintense intramedullary lesion at C2. Which is definitely NOT the reason:
a. multiple sclerosis
b. tumour
c. myelitis
d. C2 radiculopathy

A

d. C2 radiculopathy

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18
Q

In functional radiological imaging, the image or signal is provided by the
random movement of water molecules in the tissue:
a. MRI perfusion
b. MRI diffusion
c. MRI spectroscopy
d. T2-weighted MRI
e. all of the above

A

b. MRI diffusion

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19
Q

Which statement is true?
a. Urgent CT scan of the cerebellum is the imaging modality of choice
in clinically suspected cerebellar injury.
b. in clinically suspected parenchymal brain haemorrhage, the
imaging modality of choice is MRI of the cerebellum
c. always perform MRI angiography in a patient with subarachnoid haemorrhage
d. always perform an MRI perfusion scan when a fresh stroke is clinically suspected
e. none of the statements are true

A

a. Urgent CT scan of the cerebellum is the imaging modality of choice
in clinically suspected cerebellar injury.

20
Q

The penumbra can be visualized with the next examination:
a. computed tomography perfusion imaging (CTP)
b. ultrasound (US)
c. computed tomography angiography (CTA)
d. digital subtraction angiography (DSA)
e. none of the above

A

a. computed tomography perfusion imaging (CTP)

With CTA we only see the structure

21
Q

MRI is the method of choice in suspected subarachnoid haemorrhage. The
decisive advantage over other investigations (e.g. CT) is speed.
a. both statements are correct and meaningfully linked
b. 1. the statement is correct, 2. it is incorrect
c. both statements are incorrect
d. 1. the statement is false, 2. it is correct
e. both statements are correct, but there is no meaningful connection between them

A

c. both statements are incorrect

22
Q

Where is the contrast injected in myelography?
a. Subarachnoid.

A

a. Subarachnoid.

23
Q

MRI can be used in transverse myelitis:
a. pinpoint the cause
b. we can’t pinpoint the cause
c. only congenital anomalies are excluded
d. we can only define the cause if we also take an X-ray in a certain projection

A

b. we can’t pinpoint the cause

We can see the lesion, but there’s different causes for the inflammation

24
Q

What should be considered when assessing radiological images of lesions in the brain?
a. age of the subject
b. staining with KS
c. lega
d. all of the above

A

d. All of the above

25
Q

What characterises metastases?
a. Cortico-subcortical localisation.

A

a. Cortico-subcortical localisation.

26
Q

MRI shows better than CT:
a. abscess
b. tumour
c. all of the above

A

c. all of the above

27
Q

The biggest disadvantage of CT compared to MRI is that:
a. shows acute bleeding less well
b. shows spinal cord injury less well

A

b. shows spinal cord injury less well

28
Q

Which technique would you use to show atrophy of the cerebellum:
a. T2 through sections perpendicular to the hippocampus
b. T1
c. sagital
d. T1 with 3D reconstruction

A

d. T1 with 3D reconstruction

29
Q

What is a functional MRI?
a. diffusion
b. perfusion
c. MRI spectroscopy
d. MRI angiography
e. all of the above except d

A

e. all of the above except d

30
Q

In demyelinating diseases, MRI shows:
a. the entire lesion
b. the band around the lesion
c. all except the centre of the lesion

A

a. the entire lesion

31
Q

Choose the wrong statement about CT:
a. the contrast agent is usually ionic or non-ionic iodine
b. CT can measure perfusion by repeatedly imaging the same tissue
c. fresh blood is hypodense on CT

A

c. fresh blood is hypodense on CT

32
Q

T2 and FLAIR hyperintense lesions in someone younger than 50 years can mean:
a. ischemia
b. tumour
c. multiple sclerosis
d. ADEM
e. all of the above

A

e. all of the above

33
Q

Which test is the most useless in Wernicke’s encephalopathy?
a. lumbar puncture
b. CT
c. MR

A

a. lumbar puncture

34
Q

What does not apply to the MTA Index?
a. rated from 1 to 4
b. graded from 0 to 4
c. medial temporal lobe atrophy is assessed
d. used to assess the most common dementia

A

a. rated from 1 to 4

35
Q

What are the diagnostic findings in multiple sclerosis?
a. hyperintense white matter changes on head MRI
b. oligoclonal bands in the liquor

A

a. hyperintense white matter changes on head MRI
b. oligoclonal bands in the liquor

36
Q

Multislice CT:
a. post-processing is long because there is a lot of data
b. is a quick investigation
c. high spatial resolution
d. all correct

A

d. all correct

37
Q

Subarachnoid cyst:
a. heterogeneous colouring
b. lower flow than in ventricles
c. very malignant tumour
d. in all sequences the same colour as the liquor

A

d. in all sequences the same colour as the liquor

38
Q

Meningeom
a. has a broad base with extensions (dural tails) and is
homogeneously coloured by contrast
b. is of the same intensity as the liquor
c. is between the white and grey matter

A

a. has a broad base with extensions (dural tails) and is
homogeneously coloured by contrast

39
Q

What shows a stroke best (fastest) on MRI:
a. FLAIR
b. BOLD
c. T2
d. T1
e. diffusion-coated frequency

A

e. diffusion-coated frequency

40
Q

Claims with functional imaging
a. BOLD functional MRI does not
require gadolinium agent
b. diffusion MRI imaging is based on the
movement of water molecules
c. Gadolinium contrast agent is required
for MRI T2 perfusion imaging
d. all statements are correct

A

d. all statements are correct

41
Q

Glioblastoma on MRI?
a. abscess and glioblastoma cannot be separated by diffusion MRI
b. most commonly infects the spleen and pancreas
c. metastasis, abscess and glioblastoma all show the same colour
on contrast-enhanced MRI
d. is a very rare primary carcinoma in the elderly
e. on MRI, it is typically of a distinctly homogeneous solid structure

A

c. metastasis, abscess and glioblastoma all show the same colour
on contrast-enhanced MRI

42
Q

Which statement about digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is true?
a. MR angiography is a more accurate test
b. CT angiography is a more accurate test
c. DSA most accurately displays the spinal veins
d. DSA only shows morphology, not dynamics

A

c. DSA most accurately displays the spinal veins

43
Q

An urgent CT scan would be done at:
a. a patient with a Glasgow Coma Scale score of less than 8
b. sum for subdural haematoma
c. sum for epidural haematoma
d. suspected brain contusion
e. all of the above

A

e. all of the above

44
Q

Which imaging is functional?
a. diffusion MRI
b. perfusion MRI
c. CT myelography
d. none of the above

A

d. none of the above

45
Q

Which method does not require a contrast medium?
a. DSA
b. MR angiography
c. perfusion CT
d. CT angiography
e. none of the above

A

e. none of the above

46
Q

Where is contrast applied in myelography?
a. in the epidural space
b. intradurally
c. in the subarachnoid space

A

c. in the subarachnoid space

47
Q

CT shows subarachnoid haemorrhage well. CT shows vascular dementia well. CT
is slower than MRI.
a. all statements are correct
b. all claims are false
c. the first statement is correct, the second and third statements are incorrect
d. the first statement is incorrect, the second and third statements are correct
e. the first and second statements are correct, the third is incorrect

A

c. the first statement is correct, the second and third statements are incorrect

Neurology (22 decks)

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