pharmacology

Question 1

which BPH drug causes erectile dysfunction?

Answer 1

finasteride

Question 2

1st line abx for C diff infection

Answer 2

vancomycin (oral)

Question 3

which abx class can cause stainining of teeth in children?

Answer 3

doxycycline

Question 4

Pioglitazone
- contraindications?

Answer 4

bladder ca/haematuria
heart failure

Question 5

Antiemetic with prokinetic effect?

Answer 5

metoclopramide

Question 6

HTN uncontrolled in a pt already on CCB, ARB/ACEi and thiazide like diuretic
what are the 2 options?

Answer 6

K>4.5 –> a or b blocker
K<4.5 –> spironolactone

Question 7

Tinea capitis
management?

Answer 7

ORAL antifungal

Question 8

Antiepileptic medication associated with risk of SJS?

Answer 8

lamotrigine

Question 9

Antiepileptic medication associated with risk of kidney stones?

Answer 9

topiramate

Question 10

Antiepileptic medication associated with risk of osteoporosis?

Answer 10

phenytoin

Question 11

2 types of antihypertensives which can worsen glycaemic control?

Answer 11

beta blocker
thiazides

Question 12

CYP450 inducers

Answer 12

Phenytoin
St Johns Wort
Rifampicin
Carbemazepine

Question 13

CYP450 inhibitors

Answer 13

Erythromycin, clari
Antifungals
PPIs
Quinolones (ciprofloxacin)

Question 14

Clarithromycin - effect on cyp450 enzymes?

Answer 14

inhibtor

Question 15

Omeprazole - effect on cyp450 enzymes?

Answer 15

inhibitor

Question 16

Sulfonylureas - effect on cyp450?

Answer 16

inducer

Question 17

simvastatin interacts with which antihypertensive? how?

Answer 17

amlodipine
amlodipine is a mild cyp3a4 inhibitor, therefore can cause raised simvastatin levels.
therefore if on amldipine, simvastatin dose should be <=20mg

Question 18

1st line antiplatelet therapy as secondary prevention for those post TIA/CVA, or with peripheral arterial disease?

Answer 18

clopidogrel

Question 19

what fraction of total daily morphine dose should be used for breakthrough pain?

Answer 19

1/10th to 1/6th

Question 20

if 1st dose of morphine ineffective, how much should you increase the 2nd dose by?

Answer 20

50%

Question 21

Rapid eye blinking, grimacing, lip smacking are all examples of ?

Answer 21

tardive dyskinesia - involuntary, repetitive movements

Question 22

Which drug can cause greying of the skin?

Answer 22

Amiodarone

Question 23

Key symptom of aspirin overdose (in MCQs lol)

Answer 23

tinnitus

Question 24

ECG feature of amitriptyline toxicity?

Answer 24

broadening QRS

Question 25

abx treatment for cellulitis of the cheek?

Answer 25

co-amoxiclav (close to eyes and nose)

Question 26

1st abx treatment for fungal skin infection

Answer 26

topical terbinafine

Question 27

1st line abx treatment for fungal nail infection

Answer 27

oral terbinafine

Question 28

hydroxychloroquine - what check ups should they get? why?

Answer 28

eye checks risk of corneal deposits and maculopathy

Question 29

Treatment for head lice

Answer 29

dimeticone

Question 30

Contraindications to sulfonylureas

Answer 30

hepatic/renal impairment acute porphyrias ketoacidosis

Question 31

In HTN--> pt is started on CCB. They do not tolerate this. What is the next step?

Answer 31

thiazide

Question 32

Amitriptyline's potential effect on urine

Answer 32

green!

Question 33

Treatment of myasthenia gravis

Answer 33

rivastigmine - acetylcholinesterase ihibitor

Question 34

Important drug interaction with tamoxifen and ....? why?

Answer 34

ssri - fluoxetine, paroxetine - they are potent CYP 2d6 inhibitors --> higher levels of tamoxifen and VTE risk

Question 35

Raloxifene MoA Usess

Answer 35

selective oesterogen receptor modulator used for osteoporosis prevention in post menopausal women

Question 36

Adverse effects of infliximab

Answer 36

- blood - BM suppression - skin - lupus, psoriatic lesions, vitiligo - TB/Hep B reactivation - Demyelination

Question 37

Name some psych, rheumatology and cardiology medications which cause oral ulcers

Answer 37

Oral ulcers: rheum: methotrexate, NSAIDs cardio: ACEIs, losartan psych: fluoxetine, lithium

Question 38

name a drug which is used in glaucoma to constrict the pupil

Answer 38

pilocarpine

Question 39

3 acetylcholinesterase inhibitors used to treat Alzheimers?

Answer 39

donepezil galantamine rivastigmine

Question 40

which diabetes medication has increased risk of lower limb amputation

Answer 40

SGLT2 inhibitors

Question 41

pharmacological management of otitis externa - 2 options for 1st line management? - If there is associated cellulitis?

Answer 41

1) topical acetic acid 2) topical neomycin + steroid cellulitis --> flucloxacillin

Question 42

1st choice abx for sinusitis

Answer 42

PenV

Question 43

1st choice abx for prostatitis

Answer 43

ciprofloxacin

Question 44

2 hormone drugs used to prevent osteoporosis in post menopausal women

Answer 44

tibolone raloxifene

Question 45

important risks of tamoxifen treatment

Answer 45

VTE endometrial cancer - always report if PV Bleeding

Question 46

1st line treatment for fungal skin infection

Answer 46

oral terbinafine

Question 47

most common drug cause of seizures?

Answer 47

bupropion

Question 48

5 types of drugs which cause lichen planus

Answer 48

ACEi thiazides antidiabetes methyldopa NSAIDs

Question 49

adverse effect of pyrazinamide - name 2

Answer 49

- hyperuricaemia - hepatitis

Question 50

pt taking azathioprine - which antihypertensive and which antibiotic should be used with caution in these pts?

Answer 50

trimethoprim/co-trim --> risk of myelosuppression ACEis --> risk of anaemia

Question 51

tx of acute dystonia

Answer 51

procyclidine IM

Question 52

non surgical tx for gallstones

Answer 52

USDA