Pharmacology Flashcards
(111 cards)
1
Q
A drug that interferes with the blood clotting mechanism
A
Heparin
2
Q
An mg is a measurement of
A
Weight
3
Q
The solution used intravenously to replace plasma when plasma is not available
A
Dextran
4
Q
How many milliliters are in 1 oz?
A
30
5
Q
One gram equals
A
1,000 mg
6
Q
A drug used to increase blood pressure
A
Epinephrine
7
Q
The action of an anticholinergic
A
Reduce secretions
8
Q
The total volume in a 30cc syringe
A
1 oz
9
Q
Naloxone (Narcan) is an example of a:
A
Narcotic antagonist
10
Q
Avitene is:
A
Hemostatic agent
11
Q
An absorbable gelatin hemostatic agent that is often soaked in thrombin
A
Gelfoam
12
Q
Each of the following agents must be applied using dry gloves or instruments except:
Gelfoam
Collastat
Avitene
Helistat
A
Gelfoam
13
Q
An anticoagulant given subcutaneously, intravenously, or as a flush
A
Heparin
14
Q
A drug that decreases the tendency of blood to clot
A
Warfarin sodium
15
Q
An antibiotic used intraoperatively
A
Gentamicin
16
Q
A topical antibiotic
A
Bacitracin
17
Q
Which item is used of cut edges of bone to seal off oozing blood?
A
Bone wax
18
Q
The most common diuretic
A
Lasix
19
Q
An osmotic diuretic agent used to decrease cerebral and intraocular edema
A
Mannitol
20
Q
A systematic agent used to control uterine hemorrhage
A
Pitocin
21
Q
Steriods are used for:
A
Reduction of tissue inflammation and swelling
22
Q
Solu-Medrol is:
A
Anti-inflammatory
23
Q
An artificial plasma-volume expander
A
Dextran
24
Q
An anticoagulant used in vascular surgery
A
Heparin
25
Heparin effects are reversed by:
Protamine sulfate
26
Normal saline is used for lap pad moistening and intraperitoneal irrigation because it is:
Isotonic
27
The last sensation to leave the patient during general anesthesia
Hearing
28
A short-acting drug useful during intubation to produce paralysis and muscle relaxation
Anectine (Succinylcholine)
29
Neuroleptanalgesia contains:
a tranquilizer and narcotic
30
A sedative used to reduce anxiety and apprehension of the preop patient
Valium
31
What is an antimuscarinic?
limits salivation
32
Anesthesia given in a combination of several agents to obtain optimum results is called:
Balanced anesthesia
33
What is a bolus?
A dose injected all at once, intravenously
34
A drug used to soothe and relieve anxiety
sedative
35
A bier block provides:
Anesthesia to a distal portion of an extremity
36
Which inhalation agent is used for short procedures requiring no muscle relaxation?
Nitrous oxide
37
Halothane is also called:
Fluothane
38
A method of anesthesia in which medication is injected into the subarachnoid space:
Spinal block
39
The indication for an epidural would be:
Anorectal, vaginal, perineal, and obstetric procedures
40
What is Compazine?
An antiemetic
41
Which technique can be employed to prevent pain during an operative or to relieve chronic pain?
Nerve block
42
The most widely used local anesthetic
Lidocaine
43
Another name for adrenalin
Epinephrine
44
A vasoconstrictor that, when added to a local anesthetic agent, extends its life
Epinephrine
45
The purpose of an LMA
To establish and maintain a patient airway
46
Blood oxygenation can be monitored during surgery by means of a:
Pulse oximeter
47
A drug that could be used to reverse the effect of muscle relaxants
Prostigmin
48
ABGs are commonly obtained by accessing the:
Radial artery
49
Which piece of equipment is of extreme importance when anesthesia induction begins?
Suction
50
Tablets placed under the tongue for rapid absorption are called:
Sublingual
51
Pharmacokinetics focuses on:
process by which drugs move through the body
52
Drug effects that occur predictably and may not cause a problem are:
Side effects
53
The patented name of medication is also its:
Proprietary name
54
A capnometer measures:
CO2 concentration
55
Contrast media for radiographic studies include:
Barium sulfate, Conray, Isovue
56
The acronym MAC stands for:
Monitored anesthesia care
57
A drug that constricts the pupil during ophthalmic surgery is:
Miochol
58
During general anesthesia, exhaled CO2 is absorbed by:
soda lime reservoir
59
What does cricoid pressure do?
Occludes the esophagus and stomach
60
Extubation occurs during which phase of anesthesia?
Emergence
61
The drug used to treat malignant hypothermia is:
Dantrolene
62
An example of a depolarizing muscle relaxant
Succinylcholine
63
During ophthalmic surgery, paralysis of the ciliary muscle is achieved by using:
Cycloplegics
64
Zofran is an:
antiemetic
65
Benzodiazepines produce ____ for up to 6 hours from the onset of the drugs' action
Amnesia
66
IV lines are preoperatively placed to:
establish immediate intravenous access, maintain and manipulate fluid volume, and maintain electrolyte balance
67
How many "rights" are there to safe medication administration?
6
68
The intensity of contractions is increased with:
oxytocin
69
Drugs used to reduce the reabsorption of water, causing frequent urination, are:
Diuretics
70
A medication that is placed between the lip and the cheek to be absorbed by mucous membranes is:
Buccal
71
The most accurate method used to measure liquid medication is:
Syringe
72
Which name is derived from the molecular formula of a drug?
Chemical
73
An undesirable or intolerable reaction to a drug administered at the normal dosage is an:
Adverse reaction
74
The process whereby the drug enters the bloodstream is known as:
Absorption
75
One liter is equal to:
1,000 mL
76
One gram is equal to:
1,000 mg
77
Medications used to prevent postoperative infections are:
antibiotics
78
Drugs with the potential to lead to abuse are:
Narcotics, prescription drugs, and controlled substances
79
Which organ is primarily responsible for excretion of drugs?
Kidneys
80
Anticoagulants such as heparin are used to prevent:
Blood clots
81
The generic name for Marcaine
bupivacaine
82
The phase of anesthesia occurring when surgery is in progress is:
Maintenance
83
Benzodiazepines are categorized as:
Sedatives
84
while under general anesthesia, the anesthesiologist monitors the rate, rhythm, and electrical conduction by:
Electrocardiogram
85
Drugs classified as antiemetics are used to prevent:
Nausea
86
A warming blanket that contains warm air and is used on patients during surgery is called:
Bair hugger
87
The trade name for xylocaine is:
Lidocaine
88
The vasoconstrictor used with lidocaine to prolong the effects
Epinephrine
89
Which drug is the antagonist to heprin?
Protamine sulfate
90
When surgeons perform an intraoperative cholangiogram, they use:
Renografin
91
Another name for Anectine
Succinylcholine
92
Malignant hyperthermia can be triggered by:
Succinylcholine
93
How many grams of dextrose does a patient receive after 1 L of 5% dextrose in water?
50g
94
The needed medication comes in 100mg per 1cc. The surgeon wants 50mg. How much do you need to draw up?
0.5cc
95
One ounce is equal to:
30cc
96
The needed medication comes in 75mg per 1cc. The surgeon wants 150mg. You need:
2cc
97
An intrathecal injection is:
Placed into the subarachnoid space
98
Every time the CST passes a syringe to the surgeon, they must state
Name, strength, and amount
99
A drug used to reverse an overdose of an analgesic is:
Narcan
100
The drug used to treat ventricular arrhythmias
lidocaine
101
What are some symptoms of malignant hyperthermia
Muscle contraction, rigid jaw, and increased body temperature
102
The biggest risk associated with general anesthesia is:
Aspiration
103
Symptoms of ventricular tachycardia include
Changes in ECG, HR above 120, and arrhythmia
104
Nitrous oxide should never be used during which procedure
Tympanoplasty
105
Which drug has a milky appearance and is sometimes referred to as "milk of amnesia"?
Propofol
106
A dissociative agent that provides complete unconsciousness and a catatonic state is:
Ketamine
107
Which IV solution is similar to plasma, is water based, and contains sodium, potassium, and calcium?
Ringer's
108
Which instrument aids in positioning the endotracheal, nasotracheal, and nasogastric tubes?
McGill forceps
109
An A-line is commonly inserted into the:
Radial artery
110
Fast breathing for short periods of time, followed by apnea, is termed:
Cheyne-Stokes
111
Which of the refers to Korotkoff sounds?
Sounds when taking blood pressure
