YB Orthopedics Flashcards
(105 cards)
1
Q
Nutrient responsible for providing bone strength
A
Calcium
2
Q
What is the proper wrapping procedure utilizing an Esmarch bandage?
A
Start at the distal end of the extremity
3
Q
Where are Baker’s cysts found?
A
Popliteal fossa
4
Q
Benign outpouchings of synovium from intercarpal joints
A
Ganglia
5
Q
Compression of the median nerve at the volar surface of the wrist
A
Carpal tunnel syndrome
6
Q
A fixation device that provides maximum holding and rigid fixation of a fracture by tightening bone fragments together
A
Compression plate and screws
7
Q
What structure is reamed during a total hip replacement?
A
Acetabulum
8
Q
The ideal candidate for a non-cemented total hip arthroplasty
A
Young and healthy
9
Q
What is an indicator for a total hip replacement?
A
Degenerative hip joint disease
10
Q
Joint reconstruction
A
Arthroplasty
11
Q
Can induce osteogenesis
A
Electrical stimulation
12
Q
An infection in the bone
A
osteomyelitis
13
Q
Procedure to stiffen or fuse a joint
A
Arthrodesis
14
Q
A lateral curvature of the spine
A
Scoliosis
15
Q
What are Harrington rods used to treat?
A
Scoliosis
16
Q
Congenital deformity known as clubfoot
A
talipes varus
17
Q
The most frequent site of cartilage tears in the knee
A
Medial meniscus
18
Q
An abduction pillow would be used to:
A
Immobilize hip joints after hip surgery
19
Q
A Free-Lock compression screw system is indicated for correction of what type of fracture?
A
Hip
20
Q
Decreased bone mass
A
Osteoporosis
21
Q
Stages of bone healing
A
Inflammatory, cellular proliferation, callus formation, ossification, remodeling
22
Q
An olecranon fracture occurs in the:
A
Elbow
23
Q
What are some good methods of maintaining strict asepsis within an orthopedic surgical suite
A
Ultraviolet light, laminar air flow, and space suits
24
Q
When applying a cast:
A
The cast material is held vertically in lukewarm water until bubbles stop rising to the surface. Flat sheets are used for splints
25
Orthopedic surgery prepping:
is done under sterile conditions
26
What type of cast is applied to the trunk of the body to immobilize the spine?
Minerva jacket
27
The x-ray viewing of the progression of a procedure in real time
Fluoroscopy
28
Surgery on the medial malleolus would be surgery on the:
Tibia
29
Plaster is ready for application when:
air bubbles cease to rise
30
Greenstick fracture
When the bone bends on one side and cracks on the other; common in children's arms rather than legs
31
Hip procedure indicated for patients with degenerative joint disease or rheumatoid arthritis
AO external fixation
32
What skeletal traction requires the use of sterile supplies for application of a traction appliance?
Crutchfield
33
Infectious musculoskeletal condition of the bone and marrow
Osteomyelitis
34
Complications of polymethylmethacrylate
Pulmonary embolus, implantation syndrome, and hypotension
35
Order of steps for screw placement
Drill, measure, tap, place screw
36
Indications for external fixation
infected joints, highly comminuted, and major alignment deficits
37
A procedure done to correct recurrent anterior dislocation of the shoulder that involves reattachment of the rim of the glenoid fossa
Bankart
38
The most commonly fractured carpal bone
Scaphoid
39
Compression force of the distal femur upon the tibia produces varying types of fractures to the:
Tibial plateau
40
Surgery the requires incision of the long extensor tendon of the interphalangeal joint of the 4 lateral toes and subsequent fusion
Hammer toe correction
41
The rare use of laser during orthopedic surgery may be seen in the use of the CO2 laser during a revision arthroplasty to:
Remove a cemented implant
42
After surgery on a shoulder, the arm may be bound against the side of the arm for:
Immobilization
43
The most commonly used implants in hand surgery are made of flexible:
Silastic
44
What is placed with an inserter to occlude the femoral medullary canal?
Cement restrictor
45
Femoral prostheses such as the Austin Moore and Thompson are used to correct what?
Avascular necrosis, nonunion fractures, and displaced femoral neck fractures
46
Orthopedic implants are covered by all of the following rules
different metals should not be mixed, a template must be used for sizing, and handle as little as possible before insertion
47
Galvanic corrosion is a process that occurs postoperatively because of:
Mixed use of metals for implants
48
A bunionectomy is also known as a:
Hallux valgus
49
A Colles' fracture is a fracture of the:
Distal radius
50
The Keller and McBride procedures are types of:
Bunionectomy procedures
51
The three phases of bone healing in order
Inflammatory, Reparative, Remodeling
52
The patella is what type of bone?
Sesamoid
53
Polymethylmethacrylate is a type of bone cement most commonly used in what procedure?
Arthroplasty
54
The proper position for the patient undergoing arthroscopic knee surgery is:
Supine position, foot of table flexed at 90 degrees
55
Which saw blade is mounted along the same axis as the handle and moves back and forth?
Oscillating
56
An orthopedic screw is the most commonly used type of orthopedic implant. What are some types of screws?
Cancellous, lag, and self-tapping
57
What are the three main components of the knee arthroplasty
Femoral, tibial base plate, patella component
58
Which grafts are used to replace the ACL during an ACL repair?
Patella tendon, cadaver, hamstring or quadriceps
59
What is a Putti-Platt is used to correct?
Shoulder
60
What connects bone to bone?
Ligament
61
The shaft of the long bone is the ___, and the end of the long bone is the ___.
Diaphysis, epiphysis
62
A fracture that consists of multiple bone fragments
Comminuted
63
Bone healing is termed:
Osteogenesis
64
A hemostatic agent used on bone
Bone wax
65
When is a pneumatic tourniquet placed?
Before the patient is prepped and draped
66
Equipment needed to repair a femoral neck fracture using a compression screw and sliding plate includes what?
Fracture table, C-arm, K-wires
67
A pressurized solution of antibiotics or saline, commonly used for wound debridement and irrigation
Pulse lavage system
68
Traction that requires surgical insertion of metal rods or pins through bone that are attached to a traction device that applies force or is attached to a weighted pulley
Skeletal traction
69
During a procedure involving a power saw in use, the surgical technician in the scrub role should:
lightly apply irrigation to the blade in use
70
The condition where fibrous bands cause contractures in the fingers, commonly the ring and little finger
Dupuytren's
71
Bone tumors
Ewing's sarcoma, osteogenic sarcoma, and chondroma
72
The surgical repair of a torn tendon
Tenorrhaphy
73
The tendon involved when there is inability to plantar flex the foot
Achilles tendon
74
What position is the patient placed for a right total hip replacement with an anterior approach?
Supine
75
The responsibility of the STSR when applying the cast is the keep the foot in a plantar flexed position in order to:
Keep stress off the new suture line
76
A stellate fracture
When the bone breaks in a central point and radiates outward, like a cracked mirror
77
Dorsal flexion is where the foot is turned ___, and plantar flexion is where the foot is turned ___.
Upward, downward
78
When the joint is freely movable and is lined with a synovial membrane
Diarthrosis
79
Compartment syndrome
The fascia cannot easily expand, causing the pressure to build up in the compartment of the limb; this causes pressure on the vessels and nerves, causing inadequate blood flow to the tissue
80
When the calcaneocuboid, talonavicular, and talocalcaneal bones are fused together, the procedure to correct this is:
Triple arthrosis
81
Subluxation
incomplete dislocation
82
The procedure performed for a rotator cuff tear
acromioplasty
83
All pertain to intertrochanteric fracture
occurs on the femur, occurs at the lesser trochanter, and repaired with the dynamic hip screw
84
The bones of the palm of the hand are referred to as:
metacarpals
85
The gastrocnemius is the chief muscle of the:
Calf of the leg
86
In adults, red bone marrow that produces red blood cells is mainly found in which type of bone?
Flat and irregular
87
The medial bone of the forearm, which is located on the small finger side of the hand
Ulna
88
The bone located in the neck between the mandible and the larynx, which supports the tongue and provides attachment for some of its muscles
Hyoid bone
89
How many bones are in the adult vertebral column?
26 bones
90
How many cervical vertebrae are there?
7
91
The bone in the axial skeleton that does not articulate with any other bone
Hyoid
92
A slender, rod-like bone that is located at the base of the neck and runs horizontally
Clavicle
93
The upper, flaring portion of hipbone
ilium
94
The larger, weight-bearing bone of the lower leg
Tibia
95
The bone that fits into the acetabulum, forming a joint
Femur
96
The infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis, and supraspinatus muscles make up the:
rotator cuff
97
The longest bone in the body
Femur
98
A rounded protuberance found at a point of articulation with another bone
Condyle
99
In which joint would a bucket handle tear be found?
Knee
100
Which of the following is not a muscle classification?
Elastic
101
What is the most commonly used donor tendon for a free flexor tendon graft?
Palmaris longus and plantaris tendon
102
Ball and socket joint
Hip
103
An example of a saddle joint
Thumb joint
104
A recording of the electrical activity of muscle tissue by using electrodes attached to the skin or inserted into the muscle is termed:
electromyography
105
What type of operating room tables are commonly used for orthopedic procedures?
Fracture, Andrews, and Jackson table
