pharmacology exam 2 Flashcards
what does progesterone do to oral absorption
decreases gi motility and increases GI blood flow
increase absorption
generally what happens while pregnant to absorption in extravascular sites
increase absorption because increase blood flow to extravascular sites
what happens to distribution while pregnant
increased volume of distribution, increased CO
metabolism of drugs while pregnant
inc hepatic flow so increased metabolism
elimination changes while pregnant
increased renal blood flow and GFR so may increase elimination of hydrophilic drugs and decrease the efficacy of the drugs
what are the three maternal layers of the placenta
endometrial epi
connective tissue
uterine endothelium
what layers do horses swine ruminants have
epitheliochorial (all three)
how does the placenta change absorption of drugs (two ways)
phase 1 and phase2 metabolizing enzymes. so decrease transfer
increase transporter activity so increase drug transport and drug efluss so increase drugs to the baby but also increase in pumping drugs out
ionizied or unionized drugs cross the placenta best
unionized
higher concentration in the maternal plasma results in what
increased rates of passive diffusion
what drugs affect the fetus the most/easiest
gases have no barrier
the fetus of dogs and cats are most susceptible to teratogenesis in what time
between d14-d30
what happens within 20 days after fertilization with drug alterations
death of the fetus or nothing at all
how do drugs affect the fetus differently
dose dependent up until a point then the drugs kill
what drugs do we know are teratogenic in dogs and cats
griseofulvin
steroids
tetracyclines
solensia and librela
