Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Mental Health > Pharmacology & the Responsibilities of the PMHN > Flashcards

Pharmacology & the Responsibilities of the PMHN Flashcards

(37 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

4 Phases of Drug Treatment

A
  1. Initiation phase
  2. Stabilization phase
  3. Maintenance phase
  4. Discontinuation phase
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Key Nursing Responsibilities in the 4 Phases of Drug Treatment (3)

A
  • Do a baseline assessment prior to initiating medication
  • Proactively monitor and treat side-effects
  • Education of patients and families
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Major classes of psychiatric medications

A
  • Antipsychotics
  • Mood stabilizers
  • Antidepressants
  • Antianxiety
  • Stimulants
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Antipsychotics

A
  • First Gen (typical)
    Early 50s, discovered for psychosis or schizophrenia, chlorpromazine
  • Second Gen (atypical)
  • Third Gen (atypical)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Mood Stabilizers

A
  • Antimania
  • Anticonvulsants
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Antidepressants

A
  • TCAs
  • SSRIs
  • SNRIs + NSSRIs
  • MAOIs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Antianxiety

A
  • Benzodiazepines
  • Non-benzos
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Stimulants

A
  • Methylphenidate (Ritalin)
  • Modifinil (provigil)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Knowledge Base Before Administration of Medication

A
  • Classification of the medication you are giving
  • Common & serious side effects
  • Nursing responsibility specific to medication
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Antipsychotic Medication Side Effects (Common) 6

A

Cardiovascular
Anticholinergic
Weight gain
Endocrine and sexual side effects
Blood disorders
Miscellaneous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Antipsychotic serious side effects

A

Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS)
- a syndrome caused by neuroleptic medications that are dopamine receptor blockers. The classic signs are:
- hyperthermia
- lead-pipe rigidity
- changes in mental status
- autonomic nervous system changes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Acute Medication-related movement disorders: EPS

A

Extrapyramidal symptoms: involuntary movements that you cannot control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Acute Medication-related movement disorders: Dystonia

A

Involuntary muscle spasms, abnormal postures, oculogyric crisis, toricollis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Acute Medication-related movement disorders: Parkinsonism

A

Rigidity, akinesia (slow movement), tremor, mask-like face, loss of spontaneous movements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Acute Medication-related movement disorders: Akineisa

A

loss or impairment of voluntary muscle movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Acute Medication-related movement disorders: Akathisia

Study These Flashcards
A

inability to sit still, restlessness

17
Q

Chronic medication-related movement disorders: Tardive Dyskinesia

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Irregular, repetitive involuntary movements of the mouth, face, and tongue, including chewing, tongue protrusion, lip smacking, puckering of the lips, and rapid eye blinking. Abnormal finger movements are common.
18
Q

Antimania Medications

Study These Flashcards
A

Lithium Carbonate

19
Q

Antimania Anticonvulsants

Study These Flashcards
A

Valproate
Carbamazepine
Gabapentin
Lamotrigine
Topiramate

20
Q

Lithium Carbonate Side Effects

Study These Flashcards
A

thirst, metallic taste, urinary frequency, fine tremor, drowsiness, and mild diarrhea

21
Q

Lithium Carbonate Target Blood levels: Acute phase, and maintenance phase

Study These Flashcards
A

Acute Phase: 0.8-1.4 mEq/L
Maintenance phase: 0.4-1 mEq/L

22
Q

Lithium toxicity (MSVDL)

Study These Flashcards
A

Severe diarrhea, vomiting, drowsiness, muscular weakness and lack of coordination

23
Q

Anticonvulsant Side Effects: Carbamazepine

Study These Flashcards
A
  • dizziness, drowsiness, tremor, visual disturbances, nausea, and vomiting
  • minimized by treating in low doses
  • given with food
  • weight gain
  • Alopecia
  • Thyroid function may be altered usually after 6 to 18 months. observe for dry skin, constipation, bradycardia, hair loss, and cold intolerance
24
Q

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Fluoxetine (Prozac)
  • sertraline (Zoloft)
  • Paroxetine (Paxil)
  • Fluvoxamine (Luvox)
  • Citalopram (celexa)
  • Escitalopram (Lexapro)
25
SSRI Common Side Effects
- Headache - Anxiety - Transient nausea - Vomiting - Diarrhea - weight gain - sexual dysfunction - increased suicidality
26
SSRI Serious Side Effects: Serotonin Syndrome
- Fever - Muscle rigidity, hyperreflexia, myoclonus - Tremors, diaphoresis - Confusion, agitation
27
Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs)
- Amitriptyline - Clomipramine - Doxepin - Imipramine - Trimipramine Can overdose and die
28
TCA Common Side Effects
- sedation - orthostatic hypotension - anticholinergic
29
Other side effects of TCAs
- tremors - restlessness, insomnia, confusion - pedal edema, headache, and seizures - blood dyscrasias - sexual dysfunction Adverse: - cardiotoxicity
30
MAO inhibitors
- considered third line treatments - used with people who have an atypical presentation of depression - phenelzine, isocarboxazid
31
Side Effects of Antianxiety medications
- sedation and CNS depression - tolerance and dependence (benzos) - avoid benzodiazepines in the elderly - used for anxiety - NOT long term
32
Stimulants most common side effects
- appetite suppression - insomnia - irritability - weight loss - nausea - Headache - Palpitations - Blurred vision - Dry mouth - constipation - dizziness - tachycardia - Tremors - Irregular heart rate
33
Initiation Phase
Full health assessment
34
Stabilization Phase
- looking for the sweet spot = maximum effectiveness with minimal side effects - know side effects and target symptoms so we can communicate if we need to increase or decrease and interventions to mitigate side effects - communicate with the patient - Start with a test dose - Internal restlessness - Monitoring to see how a patient is responding - medications may be changed to a different medication - monitoring tests or blood work that is ordered
35
Maintenance Phase
- looking for exacerbation of the illness - best time to educate around medication and lifestyle (what are other things you can do and changes you can make because
36
Discontinuation phase
- weaning/titrating them off the medication - slowly decreasing medication - monitoring for return of target symptoms
37
Medication for Schizophrenia (positive vs negative)
Positive (auditory hallucinations, delusions, paranoia) called positive because they're obvious and we can see them. Negative (hygiene, lack of motivation, lack of affect, blunting of affect, lack of ability to engage in a back and forth conversation, a person sitting in a chair and not doing much for hours) the atypical antipsychotics have a better effect on the negative symptoms - the medication have a greater effect on positive or negative symptoms determines its effectiveness - typicals treat the obvious, the positive - atypicals address the negative symptoms better

Mental Health (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions