Pharynx

Question 1

what is the pharynx

Answer 1

a tube of fibrous & muscular tissue

Question 2

name the 3 divisions of the pharynx

Answer 2

1. nasopharynx
2. oropharynx
3. laryngopharynx

Question 3

fauces

Answer 3

counted as part of oropharynx and extends between palatoglossal and pharyngeal arches

Question 4

nasopharynx is

Answer 4

posterior extension of nasal cavities

Question 5

function of nasopharynx

Answer 5

respiratory

Question 6

epithelium of nasopharynx

Answer 6

ciliated columnar epithelium with mucous producing goblet cells

Question 7

what opening is in nasopharynx

Answer 7

opening of auditory tube

Question 8

oropharynx extends from

Answer 8

soft palate to superior border of epiglottis and is posterior to oral cavity

Question 9

oropharynx function

Answer 9

digestive

Question 10

epithelium of oral cavity

Answer 10

stratified squamous epithelium

Question 11

laryngopharynx extends from

Answer 11

superior border of epiglottis to inferior border of cricoid cartilage and is posterior to larynx

Question 12

how does laryngopharynx communicate with larynx

Answer 12

via laryngeal inlet on anterior wall

Question 13

what happens laryngopharynx at inferior border with cricoid cartilage

Answer 13

becomes continuous with oesophagus

Question 14

posterior and lateral walls of laryngopharynx formed by

Answer 14

middle and inferior pharyngeal constrictors

Question 15

what is found at superior part of pharynx

Answer 15

Waldeyer’s ring

Question 16

function of Waldeyer’s ring

Answer 16

protection of airways

Question 17

what forms Waldeyer’s ring

Answer 17

abundant lymphoid tissue in pharynx

Question 18

what is found in Waldeyer’s ring

Answer 18

• pharyngeal tonsils
• tubal tonsils
• palatine tonsils
• lingual tonsils

Question 19

what holds nasopharynx open

Answer 19

stiff pharyngeal fascia continuous with periosteum of cranial base

Question 20

function of the 3 pharyngeal constrictors

Answer 20

pushing food bolus towards oesophagus

Question 21

where do the pharyngeal constrictors meet

Answer 21

on the posterior aspect of the pharynx in pharyngeal raphe

Question 22

innervation of pharyngeal constrictors

Answer 22

vagus nerve via pharyngeal plexus

Question 23

special function of inferior pharyngeal constrictor

Answer 23

has lower circular part known as cricopharyngeus which forms sphincter around upper oesophagus preventing air being drawn into stomach during inhalation

Question 24

name the 3 pharyngeal elevator muscles

Answer 24

1. palatopharyngeus
2. stylopharyngeus
3. salpingopharyngeus

Question 25

innervation of pharyngeal elevators

Answer 25

salpingopharyngeus & palatopharyngeus = CN X stylopharyngeus = CN IX

Question 26

why is the stylopharyngeus different to the other 2

Answer 26

only one supplied by CN IX and is the only one derived from the 3rd pharyngeal arch

Question 27

palatopharyngeus function

Answer 27

elevate pharynx and larynx

Question 28

stylopharyngeus function

Answer 28

elevates pharynx and larynx

Question 29

stylopharyngeus originates from

Answer 29

styloid process

Question 30

salpingopharyngeus function

Answer 30

elevate pharynx and larynx helps open auditory tube for pressure equalisation in middle ear

Question 31

salpingopharyngeus origin

Answer 31

auditory tube

Question 32

3 phases of swallowing

Answer 32

1. oral phase 2. pharyngeal phase 3. oesophageal phase

Question 33

another name for swallowing

Answer 33

deglutition