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PHCT LAB - MIDTERMS Flashcards

(61 cards)

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1
Q

Other names of Carbon Tetrachloride (4)

A

CCI4, tetrachloromethane, pyrine, carbona

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2
Q

Colorless, non-flammable liquid, sweet
penetrating odor

A

Carbon Tetrachloride

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3
Q

Metabolized by the enzyme CYP450 which
results in formation of toxic metabolite,
Epoxide, TCM (Trichloromethane)

A

Carbon Tetrachloride

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4
Q

Used as solvent in pharmacy, propellant, fire
extinguisher, dry cleaning clothes

A

Carbon Tetrachloride

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5
Q

CT | Dose
no ADE after 3-4 hours

A

10-80ppm

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6
Q

CT | Dose
depression and dyspnea

A

100ppm

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7
Q

CT | Dose
liver, lung, kidney damage,
tachycardia and tachypnea

A

> 200ppm

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8
Q

CT | Lethal Dose

A

3-5mL

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9
Q

TX for CT Toxicity

A

NAC, beta blockers, hyperbaric
oxygen

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10
Q

Other names for Carbon disulfide

A

CS2, Carbon Bisulfide, Dithiocarbonic
anhydride, Sulfocarbonic anhydride

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11
Q

Clear, colorless or faintly yellow liquid, highly
flammable, chloroform like odor

A

Carbon Disulfide

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12
Q

Used in the manufacture of rubber, plywood
glues, rayon, cellophane, electroplating and
metal rust removal, used in agriculture as a
pesticide and fumigant

A

Carbon Disulfide

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13
Q

Quickly absorbed by ingestion, inhalation, and
dermal exposure

A

Carbon Disulfide

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14
Q

Carbon Disulfide | Lethal Dose

A

0.1 mg/dL

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15
Q

Carbon Disulfide | Toxic Action

A

CNS Depression, peripheral neuropathy,
decomposition of RBC (methemoglobinemia),
psychiatric manifestations, birth defects

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16
Q

Carbon Disulfide | Toxic Action

A

CNS Depression, peripheral neuropathy,
decomposition of RBC (methemoglobinemia),
psychiatric manifestations, birth defects

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17
Q

TX for Carbon Disulfide Toxicity

A

Artificial respiration, emetics, gastric lavage,
antidepressants, methylene blue

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18
Q

Other names for Aniline

A

C6H5NH2, Phenylamine, Aminobenzene

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19
Q

Unpleasant odor of rotten fish, burning aromatic taste, a highly acrid-poison. Ignites readily with smoky flame.

A

ANILINE

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20
Q

Aniline was first isolated from the destructive distillation of indigo in 1826 by _____ who named it crystalline

A

Otto Unverdorben

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21
Q

Used to make synthetic dyes, polyurethane foam, agricultural chemicals, antioxidants, stabilizers for the rubber industry, herbicides, varnishes and explosives

A

ANILINE

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22
Q

ANILINE, SYNTHESIS

A

Nitration and Hydrogenation
-Phenol + Ammonia

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23
Q

ANILINE | Lethal Dose

A

15-30g

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24
Q

Aniline | Toxic Effects

A

Dizziness, HA, Irregular heart
beat, convulsions, coma, and death. Direct
contact with aniline can also produce skin and
eye irritation, Methemoglobinemia

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25
TX for ANILINE
Gastric lavage, oxygen, methylene blue
26
Meth Level | Headache, fatigue, dizziness, rapid heart rate, mild shortness of breath
30-50%
27
Meth Level | Stupor, slow heart rate/ respiratory depression, irregular heart rhythm, acid-base imbalance
50-70%
28
Meth Level | Cardiac arrest, loss of consciousness, coma, death
60-70%
29
Other names for Picric Acid
2,4,6-trinitrophenol, phenolnitrate
30
Pale yellow, odorless crystal, with bitter and slightly soluble in water
Picric Acid
31
Uses: as explosive, in match and battery manufacturing, leather and textile industry, production of colored glass and yellow dyes for silk in 1849. Used as antiseptic in the 20th century for the manufacture of ointments for burns. As chemistry reagent, dyes and fixatives used in pathology
Picric Acid
32
Picric Acid | Fatal Dose
1-3g po
33
Effects of Picric Acid
Discoloration of the skin, sensitization dermatitis, weakness, myalgia, anuria, poiyuria, HA, fever, seizure, coma
34
Effects of Picric Acid in High Doses
High doses: destruction of RBC, hemorrhagic nephritis and hepatitis, pseudojaundice, including conjuctiva and aqueous humor, and yellow vision
35
Picric Acid | Treatment
Activated charcoal, IV fluids, BZD, oxygen and methylene blue
36
Other name for Naphthalene
C1OH8, Moth ball, moth flakes, albocarbon, tar camphor, white tar
37
Made from crude oil or crude tar. It is also produced when things burn, so naphthalene is found in cigarette smoke, car exhaust, and smoke from forest fires
Naphthalene
38
Uses: Toilet bowl deodorizers, moth repellents, pesticides in the US in 1948
Naphthalene
39
Naphthalene | Lethal Dose
1-2g (4-8 moth balls)
40
Naphthalene | Toxic Action
CNS Stimulation, Destruction of RBC, Death
41
Napthalene | Effects
Abdominal pain, N/V, Diarrhea, Tachycardia, Hemolytic Anemia, Seizure, Coma, wine coloured urine
42
Napthalene | Treatment
IV Fluids, Methylene Blue, Alkalinization, Activated charcoal, Morphine
43
The ___ of WHO concluded that naphthalene is possibly carcinogenic to humans.
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)
44
In humans, naphthalene is broken down to ____
alpha-naphthol.
45
______ is linked to the development of hemolytic anemia. Kidney and liver damage may also occur. ___ and other metabolites are excreted in urine
alpha-naphthol.
46
Other names for Aspirin
C9H804, Acetylsalicylic Acid, 2- acetoxybenzoic acid, acidium salicylicum, salicylic acid acetate, polypiryna
47
Colorless or white crystalline powder, odorless, melting point at 135C
Aspirin
48
Aspirin Acid Hydrolysis:
Violet Solution
49
Aspirin Basic Hydrolysis
Clear Solution
50
ASA | Dose Analgesic for the treatment of mild to moderate pain
325-650mg adult dosage
51
ASA | Dose Anti-inflammatory agent for the treatment of soft tissue and joint inflammation
45mg/kg adult dosage
52
ASA | Dose Antipyretic drug
325-650 mg adult dosage
53
ASA | Dose Antiplatelet/ Antithrombosis
40-80 mg
54
ASA: Acute Toxicity
- Vomiting after ingestion - Hyperpnea - tinnitus and lethargy - Mixed respiratoy alkalemia - metabolic acidosis
55
ASA: Chronic Toxicity
Nonspecific confusion, dehydration and metabolic acidosis are attributed to sepsis, pneumonia or gastroenteritis
56
ASA | Treatment
IV Fluids, glucose, NaH003, hemodialysis
57
ASA | Therapeutic Dose Average Single Dose
10mg/kg
58
ASA | Therapeutic Dose Usual daily dose
40-60 mg/kg/d
59
ASA | Toxic Dose Mild intoxication
150-200 mg/kg
60
ASA | Toxic Dose Severe intoxication
300-500 mg/kg
61
ASA | Toxic Dose Severe intoxication
>100mg/kg/d for 2 or more days

MIDTERMS (8 decks)

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