Phenylpropanoids

Question 0

Strengthening material for plant cell wall

Answer 0

Lignins

Question 1

Free and partly esterified in storax, balsam Peru or Tolu, oil of cinnamon and coca leaves

Answer 1

Cinnamic acid

Question 2

Formed by phenolic oxidative coupling of hydroxycinnamyl alcohol monomers brought about by PEROXIDASE ENZYMES

Answer 2

Lignins

Question 3

3 most important alcohol monomers

Answer 3

4-hydroxycinnamyl alcohol, coniferyl alcohol, sinapyl alcohol

Question 4

Plant type which polymerize mainly coniferyl alcohol

Answer 4

Gymnosperms

Question 5

Plant type which polymerize coniferyl and sinapyl alcohol

Answer 5

Dicotyledons

Question 6

Plant type which polymerize all 3 alcohol monomers

Answer 6

Monocotyledons

Question 7

Dimers in which 2 phenylpropane units are coupled at central carbon of side chain

Answer 7

Lignans

Question 8

Dimers of other types of coupling

Answer 8

Neolignans

Question 9

3 pharmaceutically important lignans

Answer 9

Podophyllotoxin, enterolactone, enterodiol

Question 10

Aryltetralin lactone derived from coniferyl alcohol via dibenzylbutyrolactones: matairesinol and yatein

Answer 10

Podophyllotoxin

Question 11

Gives rise to matairesinol

Answer 11

(-)- Secoisolariciresinol

Question 12

Prevent polymerization and assembly of microtubules which assist in chromosome separation (ito yung MOA)

Answer 12

Podophyllotoxin

Question 13

Sources of podophyllotoxin

Answer 13

P. hexandrum (Indian) and P. pellatum (American) podophyllum

Question 14

Used in treatment of small cell lung cancer, testicular cancer and lymphomas

Answer 14

Etoposide

Question 15

Water-soluble pro-drug

Answer 15

Etopophos (etoposide 4-phosphate)

Question 16

Anticancer with value in pediatric neuroblastoma

Answer 16

Teniposide

Question 17

Derived from dietary plant lignans; have osteogenic activity

Answer 17

Enterolactone and enterodiol

Question 18

Precursor of phenylpropanoids

Answer 18

Cinnamid acid

Question 19

Volatile oils from shikimate pathway

Answer 19

Cinnamaldehyde, eugenol, myristicin, anethile, safrole (shikimol)

Question 20

Principal component in oil from cinnamon bark

Answer 20

Cinnamaldehyde

Question 21

Transformed into cinnamaldehyde by enzymatic hydrolysis and oxidation

Answer 21

Cinnamyl acetate

Question 22

Used as dental analgesic and flavoring

Answer 22

Eugenol

Question 23

Used as flavoring and hallucinogenic

Answer 23

Myristicin

Question 24

Main component in oils from aniseed, star anise, and fennel

Answer 24

Anethole

Question 25

Main constituent of sassafras oil; genotoxic and carcinogenic

Answer 25

Safrole or shikimol

Question 26

Benzoic acids from C6C3 compounds

Answer 26

Vanillin, salicylic acid, salicin, methyl salicylate

Question 27

Used as detecting agent in chromatography together with sulfuric acid

Answer 27

Vanillin

Question 28

Source of vanillin

Answer 28

Vanilla planifolia (Fam. Orchidaceae)

Question 29

Synthesized in microorganisms from isochorismic acid and in plants via hydroxylation of benzoic acid and side chain cleavage of 2-coumaric acid

Answer 29

Salicylic acid

Question 30

Salicyl alcohol dervi. and not from salicylic acid; analgesic and antipryretic; template for ASA synthesis

Answer 30

Salicin

Question 31

Source of salicin

Answer 31

Salix sp. (Fam. Salicaceae) - willow

Question 32

Principal component of oil in wintergreen; deriv of salicylic acid SAM-dependent methylation; analgesic

Answer 32

Methyl salicylate

Question 33

Cinnamic acid lactone derivative

Answer 33

Coumarin

Question 34

Formed by hydroxylation of cinnamic acid ortho to the side chain

Answer 34

Coumarin

Question 35

Source of coumarin; responsible for smell of new mown hay

Answer 35

Sweet clover, Melilotus officinalis (Fam. Fabaceae)

Question 36

Liberated as a result of enzymic hydrolysis and lactonization of glucosides: (E)- and (Z)-2-coumaric acid

Answer 36

Coumarin

Question 37

Formed in fermentation of sweet clover by action of microorganisms on 2-coumaric acid

Answer 37

4-hydroxycoumarin

Question 38

Other name for dicoumarol

Answer 38

Bishydroxycoumarin

Question 39

Forerunner of the warfarin grp of medicinal anticoagulants; interferes with vit K in blood coagulation

Answer 39

Dicoumarol

Question 40

Coumarin with furan ring

Answer 40

Furanocoumarins

Question 41

Linear furanocoumarins

Answer 41

Psoralen, bergapten, xanthotoxin, isopimpinellin

Question 42

Sources of psoralens

Answer 42

Rue (Ruta graveolens, Rutaceae) and giant hogweed (Heracleum mantegazzianum, Apiaceae)

Question 43

Synthesized as a response to fungal infection of plant with Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Answer 43

Psoralens

Question 44

Component of bergamot oil; used in external suntan preparations

Answer 44

Bergapten

Question 45

Other name for xanthotoxin

Answer 45

Methoxsalen

Question 46

Used for vitiligo

Answer 46

Methoxsalen

Question 47

Treatment by methoxsalen followed by long wave UV irradiation

Answer 47

PUVA (psoralens + UV-A)

Question 48

Inhibit DNA replication

Answer 48

PUVA

Question 49

More absorption of UV light for suntan

Answer 49

Psoralens