🌿 Photosynthesis 🌿

Question 1

Endothermic

Answer 1

(of a reaction or process) accompanied by or requiring the absorption of heat

Question 2

Where photosynthesis takes place

Answer 2

In chloroplasts

Question 3

How many simple substances photosynthesis involves combining

Answer 3

Two
- water
- carbon dioxide

Question 4

Where is the water from in photosynthesis?

Answer 4

Soil

Question 5

Where is the CO2 from in photosynthesis?

Answer 5

The air

Question 6

What water and CO2 form

Answer 6

Sugar (glucose)

Question 7

What are the by-products of photosynthesis?

Answer 7

Sugar (glucose) + oxygen

Question 8

Where does the energy required for photosynthesis come from?

Answer 8

Sunlight

Question 9

What traps sunlight?

Answer 9

Green pigment chlorophyll contained within chloroplasts

Question 10

What is contained within chloroplasts?

Answer 10

Chlorophyll

Question 11

Is photosynthesis endothermic

Answer 11

Yes

Question 12

Photosynthesis word equation

Answer 12

CO2 + H2O —-> glucose + O
light

Question 13

Chemical equation for photosynthesis

Answer 13

6CO2 + 6H2O ———> C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 14

How glucose produced in photosynthesis is used by the plant

Answer 14

• respiration 🫁
• storage 📦
• made into different substances

Question 15

How glucose produced by photosynthesis is used for respiration

Answer 15

Broken down 🧱 in respiration produce energy 🏃‍♀️

Question 16

How glucose produced in photosynthesis is used for storage

Answer 16

Converted into starch and stored in the leaves

Question 17

How glucose produced by photosynthesis is made into useful substances

Answer 17

Converted into cellulose for cell walls, chlorophyll and protein for growth

Question 18

How protein is used by plants

Answer 18

Growth

Question 19

What much of the sugar produced by photosynthesis is converted to

Answer 19

Starch for storage 📦 in leaves 🍃

Question 20

Test for starch

Answer 20

Iodine

Question 21

Positive starch, Iodine colour change

Answer 21

Orange to blue– black

Question 22

What does the presence of starch in a leaf indicate?

Answer 22

Photosynthesis has taken place

Question 23

Why is the leaf initially place in boiling water in the starch test?

Answer 23

• kills the leaf
• stops chemical reactions

Question 24

Why is the leaf in the starch test transferred to boiling ethanol?

Answer 24

Remove chlorophyll

Question 25

How do you de-starch a leaf?

Answer 25

By leaving the plant in the dark for at least two days

Question 26

Why do you de-starch leaves before any experiments?

Answer 26

- To ensure **any starch already in the leaves is used up before the experiment** - Therefore it’s a starch test at the end of the investigation is positive starch present must’ve been produced during the investigation - **fair test**

Question 27

What is the aim of the light experiment?

Answer 27

To discover if the light is needed for photosynthesis

Question 28

Results for light experiment

Answer 28

- positive result for starch = carried out photosynthesis - no colour changed in covered part of leaf = no starch = no photosynthesis - **light = essential to photosynthesis**

Question 29

What is the control for the light experiment?

Answer 29

The covered part of the leaf

Question 30

Aim of the chlorophyll experiment

Answer 30

To discover of chlorophyll is needed for photosynthesis

Question 31

Results for chlorophyll experiment

Answer 31

- When variegated leaf was tested for starch; - green =black - white = orange (colour of iodine)

Question 32

What do the results for the chlorophyll experiment prove?

Answer 32

Chlorophyll is essential for the process of photosynthesis

Question 33

Why is chlorophyll essential for the process of photosynthesis?

Answer 33

**Absorbs light = makes energy available for photosynthesis**

Question 34

What is the control for the chlorophyll experiment?

Answer 34

White part of leaf

Question 35

Variegated

Answer 35

• Botany (of a plant or foliage) having or consisting of leaves that are edged or patterned in a second colour, especially white as well as green: the variegated form of philadelphus | variegated foliage.

Question 36

Where does the process of photosynthesis take place in most plants?

Answer 36

In the leaves

Question 37

What are leaves adapted for to help with photosynthesis

Answer 37

- Light absorption - Gas exchange

Question 38

Way leaves are arranged

Answer 38

Ensures each leaf can absorb as much light as possible

Question 39

Cell wall function

Answer 39

- acts as physical defence - transparent allowing light through

Question 40

Why is the cell wall transparent

Answer 40

To allow light through

Question 41

Palisade mesophyll

Answer 41

Tightly packed with many chloroplasts to increase photosynthetic

Question 42

Spongy mesophyll

Answer 42

Tightly packed with many chloroplasts to increase photosynthesis

Question 43

Stomata

Answer 43

Allows gases to diffuse in and out of leaf

Question 44

Waxy cuticle

Answer 44

- Physical defence - transparent - allows light through - barrier to disease causing microbes

Question 45

Xylem

Answer 45

Carries water

Question 46

Phloem

Answer 46

Carries sugar

Question 47

Air spaces purpose

Answer 47

Circulation

Question 48

Large surface area leaf adaptation, maximum light absorption

Answer 48

Maximises area for light to be absorbed

Question 49

Finley leave adaptation, maximum light absorption

Answer 49

Short distance allows cells to receive light

Question 50

Thin, transparent cuticle adaptation, maximum light absorption

Answer 50

- Reduces water loss by evaporation - doesn’t stop light entering leaf 

Question 51

Lots of chloroplasts leaf adaptation, maximum light absorption

Answer 51

Pigment chlorophyll, absorbs light

Question 52

Tightly packed, palisade mesophyll

Answer 52

Ensures many cells rich and chloroplasts are packed together near upper surface

Question 53

Leaf adaptation maximum gas exchange stomata

Answer 53

- Allow CO2 and O2 to enter and leave leaf - pores found on lower leaf surface - each one surrounded by guard cells

Question 54

Guard cell function

Answer 54

Regulate stomatas opening and closing

Question 55

Leaf adaptation, maximum gas exchange, intracellular air spaces

Answer 55

- Allow O2 leave and CO2 enter photosynthesising cells in palisade layer - allows gases to circulate around photosynthesising cells

Question 56

Factors affecting photosynthesis

Answer 56

- Levels of light and CO2 - Water - Temperature

Question 57

What is the rate of photosynthesis occur in depend on?

Answer 57

Availability of raw materials and energy needed for process 

Question 58

Temperature photosynthesis

Answer 58

Affects rate of all reactions influence rate at which photosynthesis occurs

Question 59

Limiting factors of photosynthesis

Answer 59

Raw materials in short supply

Question 60

How does photosynthesis take place at its maximum rate

Answer 60

All environmental factors must be present at optimum levels

Question 61

Limits photosynthesis

Answer 61

One or more factors in short supply

Question 62

Effects of light intensity on photosynthesis

Answer 62

**light intensity increase = photosynthesis increase**

Question 63

Limiting factor

Answer 63

Environmental factor limits rate of photosynthesis due to factor being present in too small an amount