photosynthesis Flashcards
(12 cards)
how to plants make glucose
Plants make glucose by using sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water in a process called photosynthesis, which takes place in the chloroplasts a plants cells.
how to control light intensity
to control light intensity for photosynthesis, you can use shade nets, mirrors, or adjustable covers like polytunnels or greenhouses with shading systems to reduce or increase the amount of light reaching the plants.
difference between sunny and shaded area of leave
shaded side leaves have larger surface area to maximise light absorption for photosynthesis
describe how the stomata opens
The stomata open when water enters the guard cells by osmosis , causing them to swell and curve outward due to increased turgor pressure.
distribution of stomata in the leaf
there is no stomata in the upper surface to reduce water loss, water is lost by transpiration.
the stomata in the lower surface allows gas exchange for photosynthesis
how does the increasing air temperature affect the rates of transpiration
transpiration rates increase as water molecules have more energy
how does the number of leaves affect transpiration
fewer leaves mean less transpiration as there is less evaporation from the surface of the leaf
factors that effect transiration
-temperature
-humidity
-air speed
-light intensity
benefits of root hair cell
-the cell is long to increase surface area, to increase the rate of absorption of water/ mineral ions
-anchorage helps cell grip to surface area
thin cell walls to reduce diffusion distance
describe how mineral ions are transported from roots to leaves
Mineral ions are transported from the roots to the leaves through the xylem vessels, carried along with water in a process called transpiration stream.
describe how phloem transports sucrosee in plants
The phloem transports sucrose in plants through a process called translocation, where sucrose is moved from the leavesto other parts of the plant like roots, stems, and growing tissues, using energy from the plant.
describe how xylem transports water in plants
The xylem transports water in plants by carrying it upward from the roots to the leaves through hollow, tube-like vessels, driven by transpiration, which creates a pull that draws water up through the plant.
