Physical Science Midterm

Question 1

What is the basic unit of temperature ?

Answer 1

Fahrenheit or Celsius

Question 2

What is the basic unit for mass

Answer 2

Gram

Question 3

What is the basic unit of length

Answer 3

Meters

Question 4

What is the basic unit of volume

Answer 4

Liters

Question 5

What is the basic unit of time

Answer 5

Seconds

Question 6

What changes in an experiment

Answer 6

Variable

Question 7

An educated, testable scientific guess

Answer 7

Hypothesis

Question 8

Mass per unit volume (or how much mass is crammed into a certain volume)

Answer 8

Density

Question 9

The measure of the amount of matter in an object

Answer 9

Mass

Question 10

Variable that shows the outcome of the experiment;changes due to the changes you made

Answer 10

Dependent

Question 11

Variable that YOU control (like, type of fertilizer)

Answer 11

Independent

Question 12

State the steps of the scientific method

Answer 12

State problem
Collect info
Make hypothesis
Test hypothesis
Analyze data
Draw conclusions

Question 13

4 main categories of scientific study

Answer 13

Earth science
Life science
Chemistry
Physics

Question 14

Water’s boiling and freezing point in Celsius

Answer 14

Boiling point- 100 degrees Celsius
Freezing point- 0 degrees Celsius

Question 15

Water’s boiling and freezing point in Fahrenheit

Answer 15

Boiling point- 212 degrees Fahrenheit
freezing point- 32 degrees Fahrenheit

Question 16

Symbol for bromine, lithium, and zinc

Answer 16

Bromine- Br
Lithium- Li
Zinc- Zn

Question 17

Be able to name signs that a chemical reaction is occurring

Answer 17

Bubbles, burning, new odor, rusting

Question 18

A mixture in which the parts are not evenly distributed

Answer 18

Heterogeneous mixture

Question 19

Pure substance made of only one kind of atom

Answer 19

Element

Question 20

Two or more elements chemically combined to make a new substance

Answer 20

Compound

Question 21

A mixture of two or more substances which are evenly distributed; also called a solution

Answer 21

Homogeneous

Question 22

The temperature at which a liquid becomes a gas

Answer 22

Boiling point

Question 23

The resistance to flow of a liquid

Answer 23

Viscosity

Question 24

The ability of a fluid (liquid or gas) to exert an upward force on an object immersed in it

Answer 24

Buoyancy

Question 25

Least common state of matter on earth

Answer 25

Plasma

Question 26

The average kinetic energy of particles in a substance (how fast the particles move)

Answer 26

Temperature

Question 27

Most common state of matter in the universe

Answer 27

Plasma

Question 28

Temperature at which a solid begins to liquify

Answer 28

Melting point

Question 29

The spread of particles throughout a given volume until evenly distributed

Answer 29

Diffusion

Question 30

Which state of matter has indefinite shape and volume

Answer 30

Gas

Question 31

Which state of matter has definite shape and definite volume

Answer 31

Solid

Question 32

Which state of matter has indefinite shape and definite volume

Answer 32

Liquid

Question 33

List 3 examples of plasma

Answer 33

Lightning, sun, star

Question 34

Which substance is an exception to the principle of thermal expansion

Answer 34

Water

Question 35

Who is credited with writing this principal? Pressure applied to the fluid is transmitted through the fluid

Answer 35

Pascal

Question 36

Who is credited with writing this principle? As the velocity of a fluid increases the pressure exerted by the fluid decreases

Answer 36

Bernoulli’s

Question 37

Who is credited with writing this principle? The buoyant force on an object is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object

Answer 37

Archimedes

Question 38

General name for elements found along the stair step line

Answer 38

Metalloids

Question 39

Number that tells the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus

Answer 39

Mass #

Question 40

Particles that orbit around the nucleus in a “cloud”

Answer 40

Electrons

Question 41

The center of an atom

Answer 41

Nucleus

Question 42

A horizontal row on the periodic table

Answer 42

Period

Question 43

A vertical column on the periodic table

Answer 43

Group

Question 44

The charge of a neutron

Answer 44

Neutral

Question 45

The charge of an electron

Answer 45

Negative

Question 46

The charge of a proton

Answer 46

Positive

Question 47

Indicates the number of protons in the nucleus

Answer 47

Atomic #

Question 48

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons

Answer 48

Isotopes

Question 49

The smallest unit of an element that retains the properties of that element

Answer 49

Atoms

Question 50

Usually gases of brittle solids at room temperature

Answer 50

Nonmetals

Question 51

Unit used to measure the mass of protons and neutrons

Answer 51

Amu

Question 52

Small particles that make up protons and neutrons

Answer 52

Quarks

Question 53

Generally solids at room temperature; shiny, good conductors of heat and electricity

Answer 53

Metals

Question 54

One or two letter representation of an element

Answer 54

Symbol

Question 55

Two particles found in the nucleus of an atom

Answer 55

Neutron and proton

Question 56

Group 1; most reactive metals

Answer 56

Alkali metals

Question 57

Group 2

Answer 57

Alkaline metals

Question 58

Group 18; most stable

Answer 58

Noble gases

Question 59

Group 17; most reactive non-metals

Answer 59

Halogens

Question 60

Group 3-12; in the middle

Answer 60

Transition metals

Question 61

Represents a compound

Answer 61

Formula

Question 62

A compound composed of two elements

Answer 62

Binary compound

Question 63

A molecule with charges that are not evenly distributed; may have a positive end and a negative end

Answer 63

Polar molecule

Question 64

Best example of a polar molecule

Answer 64

Water

Question 65

Indicates the number of electrons the element will lose or gain to become stable; the charge of the ion

Answer 65

Oxidation number

Question 66

Attraction that forms when atoms share electrons

Answer 66

Covalent bond

Question 67

A charged particle; an atom that has gained or lost electrons

Answer 67

Ion

Question 68

Smallest part of a compound that still has the properties of that compound

Answer 68

Molecules

Question 69

Forbes by two to more elements chemically combines

Answer 69

Compound

Question 70

Numbers that indicate the number of atoms of each element in a compound

Answer 70

Subscripts

Question 71

Force of attraction between ions with opposite charges

Answer 71

Ionic bonds