Physics Flashcards
(41 cards)
What are the types of energy?
chemical potential (Ecp), Electrical potential (EE), gravitational potential (Ep), nuclear (EN), elastics potential (EEP), kinetic (EK), sound (Es), thermal/heat (Q), light, (EL),
chemical potential energy (Ecp)
energy stored in the bonds of atoms
gravitational potential (Ep)
energy of position or place
nuclear energy (EN)
energy stored in the nucleus of an atom, energy that holds the nucleus together
elastic potential energy (EEP)
energy stored in springs and elastic objects by application of force
electrical potential energy (EE)
energy transferred in electrical circuits, transferred via the movement of charged particles
kinetic energy (Ek)
energy of motion
sound energy (Es)
vibrational movement of particles that travel via waves
heat/thermal energy (Q)
internal energy of a substance, flows from one location to another due to difference in temperature
light energy (EL)
electromagnetic energy that travels via waves
Law of conservation of energy
states that, energy can only be transformed or transferred, but not created or destroyed
Law of electrostatic attraction
states that object that are oppositely charged will feel an attractive force toward each other, but objects that are similarly charged will feel a repulsive force away from each other.
two negatives _____, two positives ______, one negative and one positive _____
repel, repel, attract
negatively charged materials after interaction loose or gain electrons
gain
positively charged materials after interactions loose or gain electrons
loose
3 ways that charge can be neutralized/restoring balance
- the object can come in contact with the ground, the ground is a conductor and electrons flow through the ground
- the object can sit in the air for long periods of time, gas molecules in the air give and receive electrons
- the object can be brought near or touch an object that has opposite charge, excess electrons transfer to objects with deficit this makes both object neutral
Relationship between EMF across and object and current through an object
as the EMF provided to a circuit increases, the current will increase
Relationship between the resistance of an object and the current through the object.
as the resistance of the object increases, the current through the object will decrease
four factors that influence the affect of the resistance of a wire
length - increase, resistance increases
thickness - increases, resistance decreases
temperature - increases, resistance increases
material - varies depending on material
Ohm’s Law (equation)
V =IR, I=V/R, R=V/I
How to find resistance with a graph
- draw trend line
- select two points on the trend line (eg. P1 (5.3), P2 (7,3))
- formula = y2 - y1 / x2 - x1
- gradient = resistance
non Ohmic resistor look like what on a graph?
line will vary, more curved
Ohmic resistor look like in a graph
steady increase or decrease
Components of a complete circuit
- complete path of conductive material between the positive and negative ends of the power source
- power source
-load
