TO FIT IN BIG BRAIN Flashcards
(24 cards)
photosynthesis in the carbon cycle
carbon is removed from the air and enters the food chain via photosynthesis in producers
consumption and assimilation in the carbon cycle
carbon is transferred between organisms (passes along food chains in organic matter via feed and assimilation in biomass)`
respiration and decomposition in the carbon cycle
carbon leaves organisms and is added to the air as a result of cellular respiration and also during decomposition. Some carbon leaves animals in faecesc
combustion
burning of wood and fossil fuels adds to the carbon in the air
ammonification and its bacteria in the nitrogen cycle
the production of ammonia (NH3) from the proteins in dead organisms and urea in urine
decomposers - break down dead matter and waste
nitrogen fixation and its bacteria in the nitrogen cycle
the conversion of nitrogen gas (N2) into nitrogen compounds (eg. ammonia (NH3) and nitrates (NO3-)
nitrogen fixing bacteria - converts atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia (NH3) and nitrates (NO3-)
nitrification and its bacteria in the nitrogen cycle
the conversion of ammonia (NH3) into nitrites (NO2-) and then into nitrates (NO3-)
nitrifying bacteria - converts ammonia (NH3) and nitrites (NO2-) into nitrates (NO3-)
denitrification and its bacteria in the nitrogen cycle
the conversion of soil nitrates into nitrogen gas (N2)
denitrifying bacteria - converts nitrates (NO3-) and nitrites (NO2-) into atmospheric nitrogen
assimiliation in the nitrogen cycle
the movement of nitrogen soil in producers, along food chains via feeding and from the soil
bioaccumulation
the gradual accumulation of pollutants, such as pesticides, plastic and chemicals, over the lifetime of an individual organisme
negative impacts of bioaccumulation
many pollutants are toxic and poisonous leading to weakness, sterility, illness and death
leads to loss of biodiversity and imbalances in ecosystems
ways to reduce the impact of bioaccumulation
limit the amount of pollutants entering ecosystems via good waste management
reduce the use of persistent pesticides
remove pollutants already in ecosystems
biomagnification
the increase in the concentration of pollution from one trophic level to another
negative impacts of biomagnification
amplifies the effect of bioaccumulation leading to loss of biodiversity and imbalances in ecosystems
ways to reduce the impacts of biomagnification
raise public awareness for the health issues that arise surrounding the consumption of contaminated organisms
limit the amount of pollutants entering the ecosystems via good waste management
reduce the use of persistent pesticides
remove pollutants already in ecosystems
deforestation
the removal of native vegetation when the prominent plant is trees over 2 meters in height.
negative impacts of deforestation
wide scale land degradation
global warming
less biodiversity
ways to reduce the impacts of deforestation
less deforestation, replant trees
enhanced global warming
human actions add extra greenhouse gasses, causing earths temperature to rise
natural global warming
greenhouses gasses trap heat in earth’s atmosphere allowing human inhabitance
negative impacts of global warming
more severe weather events and habitat loss
ways to reduce the negative impacts of global warming
less deforestation and more reforestation
bacteria
cellular
can reproduce on their own
antibiotics are effective on them
larger
viruses
non cellular
cannot produce on their own
antibiotics are not effective against them
smaller
