Physics and Math Chapter 2: Work and Energy

Question 1

What is energy?

Answer 1

It is the property of a system that enables it to do something or make something happen, including the capacity to do work.

Question 2

What are the 4 types of potential energy?

Answer 2

gravitational (mass of object and height)
elastic (spring constant)
electrical (between charged particles)
chemical (between bonds)

Question 3

What are conservative forces?

Answer 3

path independent and do not dissipate the mechanical energy of a system – ex. gravity and electrostatic

Question 4

What are nonconservative forces?

Answer 4

path dependent and cause dissipation of mechanical energy – energy is lost as thermal energy – ex. friction, air resistance and viscous drag

Question 5

What is work?

Answer 5

process by which energy is transferred from one system to another

Question 6

What is power?

Answer 6

The rate at which work is done or energy is transferred

Question 7

What is the work-energy theorem?

Answer 7

States that when net work is done on or by a system, the system’s kinetic energy will change by the same amount. In more general applications, the work done on or by a system can be transferred to other forms of energy as well.

Question 8

What is the mechanical advantage?

Answer 8

Factor by which a simple machine multiplies the input force to accomplish work. makes it easier to accomplish

Question 9

What are the 6 simple machines?

Answer 9

inclined plane, wedge, wheel and axle, level, pulley and screw

Question 10

Efficiency?

Answer 10

Ratio of the machine’s work output to work input when nonconservative forces are taken into account