Physics Midterm

Question 1

Boyle’s Law

Answer 1

P1V1 = P2V2

Question 2

Charles’ (Gay Lussac) Law

Answer 2

(V1/T1) = V2/T2

Question 3

Don’s Law (3rd Gas Law)

Answer 3

P1/T1 = P2/T2

Question 4

Ideal Gas Law

Answer 4

PV = nRT

Question 5

STP (standard temp & pressure)

Answer 5

T = 273 K , 0* C
P = 760 mm Hg

Question 6

RTP (room temp & pressure)

Answer 6

T = 293 K , 20* C
P = 760 mm Hg

Question 7

BTP (body temp & pressure)

Answer 7

T = 310 K , 37* C
P= 760 mm Hg

Question 8

Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressure

Answer 8

P(total) = P1 + P2

Therefore, (V(total) / P(total)) = v1/p1 = v2/p2
so, V2/V1 = P2/P1 (or the ratio of partial pressures of volume and partial volume is equal to ratio of total volume and pressure)

Question 9

Dalton’s Law Example
20.93 kPa O2 + 79.07 kPa N2

Answer 9

100 kPa total

(20.93 % O2 and 79.07% N2)

Question 10

Amount of O2 L in E cylinder

Answer 10

660 L

Question 11

PSIg of E cylinder of O2

Answer 11

1900-2000 psi(G)

Question 12

Amount of N2O L in E cylinder

Answer 12

1600 L

Question 13

PSIg of E cylinder of N2O

Answer 13

745 psig

Question 14

van der Waals forces?

Answer 14

(p + (n^2 x a) / V^2) ) (V - nb) = nRT

Question 15

Water vapor pressure at BTP (37* C)

Answer 15

47 mm Hg
6.3 kPa

Question 16

Avogadro’s Number

Answer 16

1 mol = 6.02214 x 10^23 molecules

Question 17

1 mol at STP

Answer 17

22.4 L

Question 18

1 mol at RTP

Answer 18

24.0 L

Question 19

1 mol at BTP

Answer 19

25.4 L

Question 20

Alveolar Oxygen Equation R Value

Answer 20

0.8

Question 21

Partial pressure of O2 in lungs at room air

Answer 21

Pa O2 = 100 mm Hg

Question 22

Partial pressure of O2 in lungs on 50% O2

Answer 22

Pa O2 = 300 mm Hg

Question 23

Partial pressure of O2 in lungs on 100% O2

Answer 23

Pa O2 = 660 mm Hg

Question 24

V-Q Mismatch in most patients

Answer 24

10%

(10-20%)

Question 25

Common Pressure Units

Answer 25

1 bar = 1 atm = 14.7 psi = 101.33 kPa = 760 mm Hg

Question 26

Critical Temperature

Answer 26

Temperature above which liquidification cannot occur however much much pressure is applied | (maximum temp at which liquid can be found)

Question 27

Critical Pressure

Answer 27

Pressure (vapor pressure) at the critical temperature point

Question 28

Isotherm

Answer 28

Contains same values of p & v given at same temperature

Question 29

Critical temp of N2O

Answer 29

36.5\* C

Question 30

A substance that is above its critical temperature at RTP (O2, N2)

Answer 30

A gas

Question 31

A substance in a gas like state but below its critical temperature at RTP (N2O, CO2, Sevo)

Answer 31

A vapor

Question 32

How much does 1 L of H2O weigh

Answer 32

1 kg

Question 33

Filling ratio in US

Answer 33

0.68

Question 34

Temperature properties

Answer 34

1. ) Volume expansion 2. ) Conductivity / Resistivity 3. ) Emisivity (electromagnetivity) 4. ) Index of refraction

Question 35

Which type of temperature measuring device uses the "Seebeck effect"

Answer 35

Thermocouple

Question 36

Average temperature under 1 MAC anesthesia

Answer 36

35.5\*C

Question 37

Critical low temp for patient

Answer 37

34\* C

Question 38

What are contributions to heat loss?

Answer 38

Radiation 40% Convection 30% Evaporation 20% Respiration 10% (8% evaporation of water and 2% heating of air)

Question 39

Define temperature

Answer 39

Temperature is a measurement of the average kinetic energy of the substance being measured

Question 40

How is heat energy transferred?

Answer 40

Always transferred from an area of higher temp to an area of lower temp

Question 41

What is the amount of energy in calories to raise the temp of one gram of a substance by one \*C

Answer 41

Specific Heat

Question 42

How many heat calories is required to liquify ice to water?

Answer 42

100 calories

Question 43

How many heat calories is required to turn liquid into steam?

Answer 43

540 calories

Question 44

Formula for F and C

Answer 44

F = (9/5)C + 32

Question 45

How is heat energy transferred?

Answer 45

Conduction, Convection, Radiation

Question 46

What is primary mode of heat transfer in solids?

Answer 46

Conduction

Question 47

What is principal method of heat transfer in liquids and gases?

Answer 47

Convection

Question 48

How does radiation transfer heat energy?

Answer 48

By electromagnetic waves of thermal energy

Question 49

Stephon - Boltsman Law

Answer 49

E = e(sigma) (T1^4 - T2^4) | (difference between 4th power of each temperature)

Question 50

What is the principle way of convecting heat to the patients?

Answer 50

Bairhugger

Question 51

Shape of a dose response curve?

Answer 51

Sigmoidal

Question 52

Wash in curve?

Answer 52

Build up exponential (1-e^x)

Question 53

Growth curve?

Answer 53

Positive exponential (e^x)

Question 54

Normal distribution curve?

Answer 54

Population response curve (bell curve)

Question 55

Law that describes the balance of forces within / on a sphere?

Answer 55

Leplace's Law P = 2T / R

Question 56

Laminar flow equation?

Answer 56

Hagen-Poiseuille equation Q = π P r^4 / 8nl

Question 57

The Fanning equation describes what? Q^2 = K P 4π^2 r^5 / pl

Answer 57

Turbulent flow

Question 58

Reynolds number for laminar flow?

Answer 58

NR \< 2000

Question 59

Reynolds number for turbulent flow?

Answer 59

NR \> 2000

Question 60

What is the Continuity Equation?

Answer 60

v1 x a1 = v2 x a2

Question 61

Change in P = Q x R

Answer 61

Measurement of flow resistance

Question 62

What is Ohm's Law?

Answer 62

V = I x R

Question 63

Law that describes the energy of a fluid?

Answer 63

Bernoulli's Equation E = P + þgh + 1/2 pv^2

Question 64

Law that relates to the action of surfactant?

Answer 64

Leplace's Law

Question 65

(p + (n^2 x a) / V^2) ) (V - nb) = nRT

Answer 65

van der Waals forces