Physics Term 1 + Term 2 Flashcards
What is a scalar quantity?
A quantity hat only has magnitude and isn’t direction dependent.
What is a vector quantity?
A quantity that has both a magnitude and an associated direction.
How can a vector quantity be represented?
Using vector arrows.
How do vector arrows represent vectors?
- The length of the arrow represents the magnitude.
- The arrow points in the associate direction.
Give three examples of vector quantities?
- Velocity
- Displacement
- Force
Give examples of scalar quantities.
- Temperature
- Time
- Mass
- Speed
- Distance
- Energy
What is velocity?
The speed of an object in a specific direction.
Give an equation relating average speed, distance and time.
average speed = distance / time
On a distance / time graph, what value does the gradient of the line represent.
The spee.
On a displacement / time graph, what value does the gradient of the line represent?
The velocity
What must be done to calculate speed at a given time from a distance - time graph for an accelerating object?
- Draw a tangent to the curve at the required time.
- Calculate the gradient of the tangent.
State the equation for the average acceleration of an object. Give appropriate units.
Acceleration (m/s^2) = (Change in velocity) (m/s) / (Time taken) (s)
Give an equation relating final velocity with initial velocity, displacement and acceleration.
v^2 = u^2 + 2as
How can the distance travelled by an object be calculated from the velocity - time graph?
It is equal to the area under the graph.
On a velocity / time graph what does the gradient represent?
The acceleration.
State a typical value for the speed of sound.
330 m/s
What is a typical value for human walking speed?
1.5 m/s
What is a typical value for human running speed?
3 m/s
What is a typical value for human cycling speed?
6 m/s
Give an approximate value for the acceleration of an object in free fall under gravity near the Earth’s surface.
10 m/s^2
What is the name given to the single force that is equivalent to all the other forces acting on a given object?
The resultant force.
State Newton’ first law for a stationary object.
If the resultant force on a stationary object is zero, the object will remain at rest.
State Newton’s first law for a moving object.
If the resultant force on a moving object is zero, the object will remain at constant velocity (same speed in same direction).
State the defining equation for Newton’s second Law.
Resultant force = Mass X Acceleration
F = MA
