physics test 4

Question 1

huygans’ principle

Answer 1

wave energy travels in waves of constant wavelength

Question 2

longitudinal

Answer 2

wave action occurs in direction of wave propagation

Question 3

transverse

Answer 3

wave action occurs perpendicular to direction of wave propogation

Question 4

wave interference

Answer 4

a phenomenon occurring when 2 waves intersect, producing either a stronger wave or a weaker wave

Question 5

constructive interference

Answer 5

interference of waves which produces a wave of higher energy

Question 6

destructive interference

Answer 6

interference of waves which produces waves of lesser energy

Question 7

diffraction

Answer 7

spreading of light passing through a thin slit or around a sharp edge

Question 8

diffraction grating

Answer 8

a surface with multiple parallel slits or ridges which by interference separates white light into its colors

Question 9

resolution

Answer 9

the ability of an optical instrument to distinguish different objects

Question 10

dispersion

Answer 10

the separation of white light into its colors, as by a prism

Question 11

spectroscope

Answer 11

a device for viewing the spectrum of light produced by dispersion in a prism of diffraction grating.

Question 12

polarization

Answer 12

treating light so as to make all of its EM waves vibrate in 1 plane

Question 13

scattering

Answer 13

spreading of a ray of light as it passes through materials

Question 14

acoustic energy

Answer 14

the acoustic power passing through a unit area

Question 15

reference intensity

Answer 15

the lowest acoustic energy audible to a person with good heating; set at 10^-12

Question 16

decibel level

Answer 16

a logarithmic ratio of acoustic intensity and reference intensity

Question 17

doppler effect

Answer 17

change in frequency caused by relative motion between a source of sound and a listender

Question 18

unit cell

Answer 18

smallest building block of a crystal with the characteristic crystalline shape; now known to consist of a few atoms

Question 19

electrolysis

Answer 19

decomposing a chemical by passing electricity through it

Question 20

note- avogadro’s number of particles is 6.022 x 10^23

Answer 20

,

Question 21

faraday’s constant

Answer 21

1 mole of electrons is 96,485 C

Question 22

cathode rays

Answer 22

streams of electrons emanating from a hot filament inside a vacuum tube

Question 23

subatomic particle

Answer 23

a particle making up the atom

Question 24

radioactivity

Answer 24

particles given off by unstable atoms

Question 25

alpha particle

Answer 25

actually a nucleus of He with

Question 26

Beta particle

Answer 26

actually electrons

Question 27

r rays

Answer 27

very high frequency EMR

Question 28

activity

Answer 28

the number of radioactive disintegrations per second

Question 29

somatic tissue

Answer 29

body cells other than germ tissue

Question 30

germ tissue

Answer 30

reproductive cells

Question 31

background radiation

Answer 31

radioactive emissions from natural sources uncontrolled by man

Question 32

isotopes

Answer 32

atoms with same number of protons but different number of neutrons

Question 33

nucleon

Answer 33

particles in the nucleus which is stable; proton or neutron

Question 34

nuclear force

Answer 34

force in the nucleus holding nucleons together | ; also called binding force

Question 35

binding energy

Answer 35

the energy involved in the binding force

Question 36

nuclear reaction

Answer 36

a reaction involving a nuclear transformation

Question 37

decay series

Answer 37

a natural process by which unstable nuclei decay to stable ones through a sequence of steps

Question 38

induced transmutation

Answer 38

artificial production of a new atoms by bombarding a starter atom

Question 39

nuclide

Answer 39

any isotope of any element

Question 40

radionuclide

Answer 40

a radioactive nuclide

Question 41

fission

Answer 41

the split of a larger nucleus into smaller fragments

Question 42

controlled chain reaction

Answer 42

a chain reaction whose rate is kept below explosive levels

Question 43

fusion

Answer 43

the combining of 2 or more smaller nuclei into a larger nucleus