Physio exam 3- lecture 18 Flashcards
(20 cards)
what are the 3 types of muscle
- skeletal
- cardiac
- smooth
functions of skeletal muscle
- locomotion
- facial expression
- posture and body position
- regulation of body temperature
is skeletal muscle voluntary
yes
does skeletal muscle require nervous system input
yes
define origin
where the muscle starts on a bone (stays stationary)
define insertions
where the muscle ends on a bone (moves toward origin)
in standard anatomical position everything is extended except what?
the feet
what is revere muscle action
when the insertion is anchored, the origin moves toward the insertion
example:pull-ups
define agonist
muscle primarily responsible for the movement
define antagonist
muscle which opposed the action of the agonist
define synergist
assists the agonist in making the action more efficient
define fixator
special synergist which helps to prevent movement at the muscle origin
flexion of forearm (agonist, antagonist, synergist, and fixator)
agonist- brachialis
antagonist-triceps brachii
synergist- biceps brachii
fixator-pectoralis minor
abduction of the arm (agonist, synergist, antagonist, and fixator)
agonist- deltoid
antagonist- latissumus dorsi
synergist- supraspinatus
fixator- trapezius
what is the lever in the body
bone
what is the fulcrum in the body
joint
muscles act to facilitate movement at a fulcrum (joint) by…
exerting force on the lever (bone)
first class levers
- EFL
example: head and vertebral column
second class levers
- FLE
- sacrifices speed and range of motion for force
example: leg
third class levers
- FEL
- most common type
- favors speed and range of motion over force
example: arm
