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Physiology Flashcards

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1
Q

Name the 5 primary taste sensations

A 
Sour
Salty
Sweet
Bitter 
Unamis
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2
Q

What is lacking in the blind spot so that it has no vision capability

A

Rods and cones

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3
Q

The thin transparent mucous membrane covering the anterior of the eye and lining the eyelids

A

Conjunctiva

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4
Q

The process that adjusts the lens for near vision

A

Accommodation

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5
Q

The colored part of the eye

A

Iris

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6
Q

What receptors work to allow color vision

A

3 kinds of cones

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7
Q

The structure for dynamic equilibrium

A

Semicircular canals

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8
Q

A disorder caused by fusion of the bones of the middle ear

A

Conduction deafness

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9
Q

A constant ringing in the ears

A

Tinnitus

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10
Q

Sound waves directly cause what structures to vibrate

A

Tympanic membrane

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11
Q

The structure that helps equalize air pressure on the tympanic membrane

A

Estuchian tube

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12
Q

Name some materials that blood carries

A

Oxygen, nutrients, wastes, carbon dioxide, hormones

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13
Q

List 3 functions of the blood

A

Transport, regulate, protect

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14
Q

Blood is approximately what % plasma

A

55%

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15
Q

Plasma is composed of about what % water

A

90%

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16
Q

The process of ingesting and destroying bacterial cells

A

Phagocytosis

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17
Q

One uL is how many RBCs

A

5 million RBCs

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18
Q

The blood type gene that is inherited recessive

A

O

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19
Q

If your blood agglutinates in the anti-A typing serum but not in the anti-B typing serum, then you have this blood type

A

A

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20
Q

If your blood agglutinates in he anti- B typing serum but not in the anti-A serum, then you have this blood type

A

B

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21
Q

If your blood agglutinates in both the anti-A typing serum and the anti-B typing serum, then you have this blood type

A

AB

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22
Q

If your blood does not agglutinates in either of the typing serums, you have this blood type

A

O

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23
Q

Universal diners have blood that is this type

A

O

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24
Q

A universal recipient is this blood type

A

AB

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25
The antigen protein present on the red blood cell membrane determines this
Blood type
26
No one with type B blood can also have these antibodies
Anti-B
27
Mr. A and Mr. AB have volunteered to give blood to Mr. B, who has type B blood. Mr. A has type A blood and Mr. AB has type AB blood. Which blood could be transfused safely into Mr. B's bloodstream
Neither
28
What type of sensory organs are the gustatory organs
Taste buds
29
Circulation of blood through the heart muscle is supplied by the _____ circulation
Coronary
30
Cardiac muscle is known as ___
Myocardium
31
Chamber with the thickest wall of the heart
Left ventricle
32
Heart rate is monitored and regulated by this structure
Cardiovascular center of medulla
33
The heart speeds up when we stand quickly due to receptors here that detect blood pressure changes
Carotid artery
34
Explain the contraction of the chambers in the cardiac cycle
Atria contracts, then ventricles contract
35
The action of _____ causes audible heart sounds
Valves
36
What causes heart murmurs
Improperly closing valves
37
The contraction phase of the heart
Systole
38
Which circulatory path carries blood rich in substances from the gastrointestinal tract
Hepatic portal circulation
39
The backward flow of fluid I'm veins and lymphatic a is prevented by _____
Valves
40
Venous blood returns to the heart due to ____ movements and skeletal muscular contraction
Diaphragm/breathing
41
Blood typically flows from the heart fist to ___, then to ___, then to ____
Arteries, capillaries, and veins
42
What is the structure whose main function is exchange of nutrients and gases between the blood and tissue
Capillaries
43
Structurally, lymphatic vessels most resemble these vessels of the blood
Veins
44
The pulmonary circulation carries blood from the heart to the lungs and back to this chamber
Left atrium
45
The exchange of materials between fetal and maternal circulation occurs through this structure
Placenta
46
In an overweight person, the factor most likely to increase lymphatic vessel resistance
Length
47
A foreign. Substance that provokes an immune response in the body
Antigen
48
List some functions of the lymphatic system
Carry out immune responses Drain excess interstitial fluid and returns it to the blood Transport lipids/lipid soluble
49
All lymph in the body is eventually returned to the blood in this vessel
Subclavian veins
50
Why are lymph nodes important
They filter lymph and store lymphocytes
51
In general, what vessels can we see through our skin
Veins
52
Where are damaged and worn out red cells destroyed
Spleen
53
The most important function of the large intestine
Absorb water
54
Bile and pancreatic fluid act upon foods here
Small intestine
55
The place of greatest digestive activity
Small intestine
56
Structure that stores bile from the liver
Gall bladder
57
Absorption of digested food occurs largely in this organ
Small intestine
58
Breaking down food molecules to a size which is easily absorbed
Digestion
59
Bile is essential in the digestion of this nutrient
Lipids (fat)
60
The end products that come from the digestion of fats
Fatty acids and glycerol (monoglycerides)
61
Organ that helps maintain blood sugar level, detoxify substances and store vitamin
Liver
62
This digestion mastication of food by teeth and churning of food by the stomach and small intestine
Mechanical
63
Substance that keeps the mouth and pharynx moist, begins the chemical breakdown of food and has ducts as its means of transport
Saliva
64
The basic building blocks of proteins which are the form needed by body cells
Amino acids
65
Intestinal structure responsible for the absorption of water, glucose, and amino acid
Vili
66
Protein digestion begins here
Stomach
67
Lists functions of the CSF
Shock absorption Circulate nutrients Removes waste
68
Movement of your left hand are initiated by motor neurons that originate in the ___ side your brain
Right
69
What type of impulses are transmitted by white matter
Sensory and motor
70
The structure that acts as a bridge connecting the spinal cord and medulla to upper portions of the brain
Pons
71
Type of impulses relayed and interpreted by the thalamus
Motor and sensory
72
Functions of hypothalamus
Olfactory relay stations Control of body temperature Controls the autonomic nervous system Controls pituitary gland and its hormones Regulates emotional and behavioral pattern Regulates food and fluid intake
73
Functions of limbic system
Emotions Involuntary aspects of survival behavior Works with cerebrum in memory
74
Brain center that regulates the heart and diameter of blood vessels
Cardiovascular center
75
Outer layer of cerebrum
Cerebral cortex
76
Functions of cerebellum
Walking Balance Ability to speak understandably

Finals (3 decks)

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