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Finals > Physiology > Flashcards

Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 5 primary taste sensations

A 
Sour
Salty
Sweet
Bitter 
Unamis
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2
Q

What is lacking in the blind spot so that it has no vision capability

A

Rods and cones

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3
Q

The thin transparent mucous membrane covering the anterior of the eye and lining the eyelids

A

Conjunctiva

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4
Q

The process that adjusts the lens for near vision

A

Accommodation

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5
Q

The colored part of the eye

A

Iris

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6
Q

What receptors work to allow color vision

A

3 kinds of cones

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7
Q

The structure for dynamic equilibrium

A

Semicircular canals

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8
Q

A disorder caused by fusion of the bones of the middle ear

A

Conduction deafness

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9
Q

A constant ringing in the ears

A

Tinnitus

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10
Q

Sound waves directly cause what structures to vibrate

A

Tympanic membrane

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11
Q

The structure that helps equalize air pressure on the tympanic membrane

A

Estuchian tube

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12
Q

Name some materials that blood carries

A

Oxygen, nutrients, wastes, carbon dioxide, hormones

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13
Q

List 3 functions of the blood

A

Transport, regulate, protect

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14
Q

Blood is approximately what % plasma

A

55%

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15
Q

Plasma is composed of about what % water

A

90%

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16
Q

The process of ingesting and destroying bacterial cells

A

Phagocytosis

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17
Q

One uL is how many RBCs

A

5 million RBCs

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18
Q

The blood type gene that is inherited recessive

A

O

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19
Q

If your blood agglutinates in the anti-A typing serum but not in the anti-B typing serum, then you have this blood type

A

A

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20
Q

If your blood agglutinates in he anti- B typing serum but not in the anti-A serum, then you have this blood type

A

B

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21
Q

If your blood agglutinates in both the anti-A typing serum and the anti-B typing serum, then you have this blood type

A

AB

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22
Q

If your blood does not agglutinates in either of the typing serums, you have this blood type

A

O

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23
Q

Universal diners have blood that is this type

A

O

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24
Q

A universal recipient is this blood type

A

AB

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25
Q

The antigen protein present on the red blood cell membrane determines this

A

Blood type

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26
Q

No one with type B blood can also have these antibodies

A

Anti-B

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27
Q

Mr. A and Mr. AB have volunteered to give blood to Mr. B, who has type B blood. Mr. A has type A blood and Mr. AB has type AB blood. Which blood could be transfused safely into Mr. B’s bloodstream

A

Neither

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28
Q

What type of sensory organs are the gustatory organs

A

Taste buds

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29
Q

Circulation of blood through the heart muscle is supplied by the _____ circulation

A

Coronary

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30
Q

Cardiac muscle is known as ___

A

Myocardium

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31
Q

Chamber with the thickest wall of the heart

A

Left ventricle

32
Q

Heart rate is monitored and regulated by this structure

A

Cardiovascular center of medulla

33
Q

The heart speeds up when we stand quickly due to receptors here that detect blood pressure changes

A

Carotid artery

34
Q

Explain the contraction of the chambers in the cardiac cycle

A

Atria contracts, then ventricles contract

35
Q

The action of _____ causes audible heart sounds

A

Valves

36
Q

What causes heart murmurs

A

Improperly closing valves

37
Q

The contraction phase of the heart

A

Systole

38
Q

Which circulatory path carries blood rich in substances from the gastrointestinal tract

A

Hepatic portal circulation

39
Q

The backward flow of fluid I’m veins and lymphatic a is prevented by _____

A

Valves

40
Q

Venous blood returns to the heart due to ____ movements and skeletal muscular contraction

A

Diaphragm/breathing

41
Q

Blood typically flows from the heart fist to ___, then to ___, then to ____

A

Arteries, capillaries, and veins

42
Q

What is the structure whose main function is exchange of nutrients and gases between the blood and tissue

A

Capillaries

43
Q

Structurally, lymphatic vessels most resemble these vessels of the blood

A

Veins

44
Q

The pulmonary circulation carries blood from the heart to the lungs and back to this chamber

A

Left atrium

45
Q

The exchange of materials between fetal and maternal circulation occurs through this structure

A

Placenta

46
Q

In an overweight person, the factor most likely to increase lymphatic vessel resistance

A

Length

47
Q

A foreign. Substance that provokes an immune response in the body

A

Antigen

48
Q

List some functions of the lymphatic system

A

Carry out immune responses
Drain excess interstitial fluid and returns it to the blood
Transport lipids/lipid soluble

49
Q

All lymph in the body is eventually returned to the blood in this vessel

A

Subclavian veins

50
Q

Why are lymph nodes important

A

They filter lymph and store lymphocytes

51
Q

In general, what vessels can we see through our skin

A

Veins

52
Q

Where are damaged and worn out red cells destroyed

A

Spleen

53
Q

The most important function of the large intestine

A

Absorb water

54
Q

Bile and pancreatic fluid act upon foods here

A

Small intestine

55
Q

The place of greatest digestive activity

A

Small intestine

56
Q

Structure that stores bile from the liver

A

Gall bladder

57
Q

Absorption of digested food occurs largely in this organ

A

Small intestine

58
Q

Breaking down food molecules to a size which is easily absorbed

A

Digestion

59
Q

Bile is essential in the digestion of this nutrient

A

Lipids (fat)

60
Q

The end products that come from the digestion of fats

A

Fatty acids and glycerol (monoglycerides)

61
Q

Organ that helps maintain blood sugar level, detoxify substances and store vitamin

A

Liver

62
Q

This digestion mastication of food by teeth and churning of food by the stomach and small intestine

A

Mechanical

63
Q

Substance that keeps the mouth and pharynx moist, begins the chemical breakdown of food and has ducts as its means of transport

A

Saliva

64
Q

The basic building blocks of proteins which are the form needed by body cells

A

Amino acids

65
Q

Intestinal structure responsible for the absorption of water, glucose, and amino acid

A

Vili

66
Q

Protein digestion begins here

A

Stomach

67
Q

Lists functions of the CSF

A

Shock absorption
Circulate nutrients
Removes waste

68
Q

Movement of your left hand are initiated by motor neurons that originate in the ___ side your brain

A

Right

69
Q

What type of impulses are transmitted by white matter

A

Sensory and motor

70
Q

The structure that acts as a bridge connecting the spinal cord and medulla to upper portions of the brain

A

Pons

71
Q

Type of impulses relayed and interpreted by the thalamus

A

Motor and sensory

72
Q

Functions of hypothalamus

A

Olfactory relay stations
Control of body temperature
Controls the autonomic nervous system
Controls pituitary gland and its hormones
Regulates emotional and behavioral pattern
Regulates food and fluid intake

73
Q

Functions of limbic system

A

Emotions
Involuntary aspects of survival behavior
Works with cerebrum in memory

74
Q

Brain center that regulates the heart and diameter of blood vessels

A

Cardiovascular center

75
Q

Outer layer of cerebrum

A

Cerebral cortex

76
Q

Functions of cerebellum

A

Walking
Balance
Ability to speak understandably

Finals (3 decks)

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