Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Physiology > Physiology Test 2 Set D > Flashcards

Physiology Test 2 Set D Flashcards

(71 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

functions of the circulatory system

A

delivering materials
interacting with respiratory and digestive systems
transportation of heat
production of force

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

three essential components of circulatory system

A

circulating fluid
pump
vascular system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

evolutionary trends

A

open to closed circulatory systems

water to air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

water to air caused 4 things

A

increase in oxygen uptake
increase in metabolic rate
increase in blood pressure
increase in separation between oxygenated and deoxygenated blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

fish circulatory system has

A

single circulation with gills between heart and systemic circulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

fish heart has 4 chambers in series

A

sinus venosus
atrium
ventricle
bulbus arteriosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

more advanced fish has this compared to rudimentary fish having this

A

bulbus arteriosis

conus arteriosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

where is the highest pressure in the fish circulatory system

A

fish gills

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

in fish blood goes to the gills by what vessel

A

ventral aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

in fish blood goes to the systemic tissues by what vessel

A

dorsal aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

in fish what vessel returns deoxygenated blood to the heart

A

great veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

birds and mammals have

A

complete double circulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

amphibians and reptiles have

A

atria completely separated
nearly complete functional separation
same input pressure to systemic and pulmonary routes
can adjust distribution of blood flow to lungs vs body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

amphibians (frogs and salamanders) have

A

single ventricle with some separation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

separation of amphibians ventricles occurs by the

A

spiral fold in conus ateriosus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

some turtles lizards and snakes have this

A

pulmonary cutaneous route

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

ventilate, breath, stop, repeat

A

intermittent breathers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

non-crocodilian reptiles have

A

partial division of ventricle by incomplete muscular septum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

crocodilian reptiles have

A

fully divided ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

in crocodiles the vessels right outside the heart are connected by

A

forman of panizza and anastomosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

this valve can increase or decrease input to pulmonary artery

A

cog valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

pressure differential in birds and mammals

A

pressure leaving left side is higher than right side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

between left atrium and ventricle

A

bicuspid valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

between right atrium and ventricle

A

tricuspid valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
which side of the heart is pulmonary and systemic
left is systemic and right is pulmonary
26
contraction/blood emptying
systole
27
relaxation/blood filling
diastole
28
atrial contraction increases ventricular volume by
20-30%
29
wave associated with atrial contraction
P wave
30
ECG wave associated with ventricular contraction
QRS complex
31
ECG wave associated with ventricular relaxation
T wave
32
how much blood is actually pumped out during contraction
stoke volume
33
electrical activity in the heart is initiated by
pacemaker region
34
pacemaker region is located where in the heart and also has this name
right atrium | SA node
35
pacemaker cells are
modified muscle cells
36
pathway linking atriums and ventricles
AV node
37
what depolarizes faster
atriums
38
where is depolarization slowest
AV node
39
where is depolarization the fastest
purkunjie fibers
40
pacemaker in location where it should not be
ectopic pacemaker
41
three basic types of vessels
arteries capillaries veins
42
three characteristics of arteries
smaller diameter layer of smooth muscle is thicker higher pressure
43
four characteristics of veins
larger diameter thinner muscle layer lower pressure contain one way valves
44
smaller arteries
arteriole
45
smaller veins
venule
46
where is blood velocity the slowest
at the capillary
47
fluid compression channel which allows for continuous movement of blood
windkessel vessel
48
properties of windkessel vessels
large r low resistance low pressure drop conduits thick walled to stand pressures
49
smallest arteries and arterioles
pre-capillary resistance vessels
50
properties of pre-capillary resistance vessels
``` small r highest resistance greatest pressure drop control over regional blood flow control over blood pressure sympathetic nervous system, hormones, local chemical agents ```
51
determine capillary exchange area within tissue
pre-capillary sphincter
52
thin-walled vessels, low velocity blood flow, long transit time
capillaries
53
venules and small veins | r can be adjusted, adjust resistance, enables adjustment of pressure across capillary beds
post-capillary resistance vessels
54
veins, compliant walls, volume reservoir, holding about half of bodies blood, low pressure, major influence on cardiac output
capacitance vessels
55
capillaries located in muscle, nervous and connective tissues, lungs
continuous capillaries
56
characteristics of continuous capillaries
least permeable intercellular clefts continuous basement membrane lets in water, ions, small molecules
57
capillaries found in the glomerulus
fenestrated capillaries
58
characteristics of fenestrated capillaries
intermediate permeability pores continuous basement membrane passage of everything but large protiens and rbc's
59
capillaries found in the liver
sinusoidal capillaries
60
characteristics of sinusoidal capillaries
highly permeable intercellular gaps extend through basement membrane allow passage of protiens
61
for movement of fluids
convection
62
convection is driven by
hydrostatic and osmotic pressure gradients
63
capillary pressure is greater than ISF net filtration force
hydrostatic pressure
64
plasma pressure is greater than ISF net apsorptive force
colloid osmotic pressure
65
an increase in the ISF when the lymphatic system is not working properly causing and increase in fluid
oedema
66
smooth and streamlined flow
laminar flow
67
irregular, random, noisy
turbulent flow
68
tendency for red blood cells to accumulate in centre of bloodstream.
plasma skimming
69
blood pressure is controlled by
heart rate and diameter of arterioles
70
respond to pressure as stretch of blood vessel walls occurs
baroreceptor relfex
71
baroreceptors are located
in aorta and carotid arteries

Physiology (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions