Pig Nutrition I

Question 1

What is feed efficiency?

Answer 1

lbs of feed consumed/1lb of BW gain

Question 2

what is efficiency gain?

Answer 2

lbs of BW gain/1lb of feed consumed

Question 3

what is ADG

Answer 3

average daily gain

Question 4

what is DDGS

Answer 4

distillers dried grains with solubles

Question 5

what are gilts?

Answer 5

young female pigs approaching breeding age

Question 6

what are sows?

Answer 6

mature female pigs

Question 7

what are barrows?

Answer 7

male pigs castrated before puberty

Question 8

what are stags?

Answer 8

male pigs castrated after puberty

Question 9

what are boars?

Answer 9

sexually mature male pig

Question 10

what type of GIT to pigs have?

Answer 10

monogastric

Question 11

how is the energy requirement generally met in pigs?

Answer 11

corn

Question 12

what is more important in pigs than crude protein?

Answer 12

amino acids

Question 13

what are partitioning agents?

Answer 13

effects lean v fat deposition

Question 14

what waste products do pigs utilize from human food injury?

Answer 14

bread, culled potatoes, poorer quality grains

Question 15

what is required for pigs in terms of management?

Answer 15

require shelter, protection from disease and parasites

Question 16

where does pig waste go?

Answer 16

into lagoon, gets treated, and sprayed as fertilizer or into tank systems and digested

Question 17

where are pig farms most concentrated?

Answer 17

Iowa and NC

Question 18

what is vertical integration and when did it begin?

Answer 18

company owns most or all aspects of production - began in 1980s

Question 19

what is the responsibility of the farmers in the swine industry?

Answer 19

land and buildings owner by farmers, contract with companies to grow and finish animals

Question 20

what is the purpose of purebred pigs?

Answer 20

produce foundation stock for commercial production

Question 21

what is farrow-to-finish?

Answer 21

most common stage, manage all stages of growth to finishing at a market weight (270-285lbs)

Question 22

what is farrow-to-feeder?

Answer 22

40-50 lb feeder pig

Question 23

what is feeder-to-finish?

Answer 23

buy 40-50 lb pigs to finish

Question 24

what is farrow-to-wean?

Answer 24

wean 10-15 lbs

Question 25

what is wean-to-finish?

Answer 25

purchase weaned pigs to finish

Question 26

which term is used for male pig castrated after puberty?

Answer 26

stag

Question 27

fiber digestibility increases as the pig matures, but...

Answer 27

need to utilize forages at early stages of maturity

Question 28

what are mature forages low in?

Answer 28

low in digestibility

Question 29

what are adv and disadv of pasture pork?

Answer 29

adv: niche market, inc in exercise and activity disadv: rooting behavior -> soil erosion, parasites, sunburn for light skin pigs

Question 30

which perennial pasture plants are used for pastured pork?

Answer 30

alfalfa, red clover, white clover, timothy, kentucky bluegrass, smooth bromegrass

Question 31

what annual pasture plants are fed to pastured pork?

Answer 31

oats, wheat, barley, rye, soybeans

Question 32

what is the stocking rate of pastured pork?

Answer 32

4-6 sows/acre, 10-12 growing pigs/acre

Question 33

what should be supplemented for growing pigs and lactating sows?

Answer 33

grain

Question 34

what are the requirements of total confinement management?

Answer 34

high level of ventilation and temperature controlled because pigs can't sweat

Question 35

what are the three phases of feeding?

Answer 35

nursery pigs, feeder pigs, finishing pigs

Question 36

what is the most common method of production?

Answer 36

farrow to finish pig production

Question 37

when is the phase 1 diet fed to nursery pigs?

Answer 37

fed to pigs from weaning at 12 lbs to 15 lbs BW

Question 38

what should be considered when feeding the phase 1 diet to nursery pigs?

Answer 38

weaned pigs have limited ability to digest plant proteins and utilize fat

Question 39

why is it important to heat treat SBM to weaned pigs?

Answer 39

can have hypersensitivity reactions bc carbs and proteins can be allergenic

Question 40

how long should weaned pigs be on a diet to increase their tolerance?

Answer 40

7-10 days

Question 41

when is the phase 2 diet fed to nursery pigs?

Answer 41

fed to pigs from 15-25 lbs BW

Question 42

what is the phase 2 diet based on?

Answer 42

based on grain and SBM (20-24% of diet)

Question 43

when is a phase 3 diet fed to nursery pigs?

Answer 43

fed to pigs from 25-50 lbs BW

Question 44

what is the phase 3 diet based on?

Answer 44

based on grain and SBM only, fat at 1-3%

Question 45

when are feeder pigs sold to growers?

Answer 45

sold after weaning

Question 46

what is the goal of feeder pig production?

Answer 46

goal is to raise uniform groups of feeder pigs for sale

Question 47

what are advantages of grow/finish operations?

Answer 47

adv: well adapted to producers who have lg amounts of grain or feed, requires less labor

Question 48

what are disadvantages of grow/finish operations?

Answer 48

health problems, variation in market prices

Question 49

what weight are pigs usually weaned?

Answer 49

10-15 pounds

Question 50

when do nutrient requirements for growing-finishing pigs decrease?

Answer 50

decrease over the course of the growing-finishing period

Question 51

what are the most common diets for feeding growing-finishing pigs?

Answer 51

3 or 4 phase diets

Question 52

what is phase feeding for growing-finishing pigs?

Answer 52

each phase and the lysine:energy hits requirement curve about midway through the phase