Piliavin

Question 1

Explain the procedure

Answer 1

1. Takes place on a New york subway
2. 4 students get on from each door
3. Takes place between stops (7.5 minutes)
4. ‘Victim’ collapses (Cane, Drunk, White, Black)
5. Observers watch the reactions of the passengers (participants) jotting down their sex, race, location, and the time it takes for them to react
6. No one reacts after 70 seconds (Early critical/adjacent area model)
7. No one reacts after 150 seconds (late critical/adjacent area model)

Question 2

Describe the apparatus used

Answer 2

Cane
Bottle of alcohol in a brown paper bag
Stop watch (possibly)
Clipboard

Question 3

Describe the observers and their locations

Answer 3

Two observers
(Both female)
Both sit in the adjacent area
One observes critical area
Other observes the adjacent area
(Leads to a decrease in inter-relater reliability)

Question 4

Explain the qualitative results

Answer 4

Women reacting by saying things such as ‘It’s for the men to help’

Question 5

Explain the Quantitative data

Answer 5

95% Helped the man with the cane
50% Helped the drunk man

Question 6

Explain the ‘victim’

Answer 6

Actually a confederate
All wear the same clothes
Always collapses in the critical area
Always collapses the same way
Always a male

Question 7

Explain reliability as a strength

Answer 7

High standardised procedures (Will help decrease extraneous variables)
EG: Model always male, always wears the same thing, always collaspes in the critical area

Question 8

Explain the theoretical conclusions

Answer 8

Depending on the cost and reward it will affect how someone reacts to an emergency situation

Question 9

Explain the practical applications

Answer 9

Education for children to teach them to help people no matter the situation people find themselves in

Question 10

Explain the type sample that was used

Answer 10

Opportunity sample

Question 11

Explain the strengths of the type of sample

Answer 11

Quick and convenient (Eg: The sample was gathered by the people who were getting on and off the train)

Question 12

Explain the sample of participants

Answer 12

4450 participants (both men and women)

Question 13

Explain the design type

Answer 13

Field Experiment
(Natural environment)

Question 14

Explain the ethics that werent breached

Answer 14

Confidentiality (Non of the sexs, or races were published)

Physical harm

Question 15

Explain the ethics that were breached

Answer 15

Psychological harm (May feel as they are constantly being watched in the future)

Debrief? (Not mentioned)

Right to widthdraw (Once they were in the train carriage they were unable to get off and were now noted down as apart of the experiment)

Informed consent (Similar to right to widthdraw)

Question 16

Ethnocentrisim yes or no?

Answer 16

Possibly? - travellers/tourists?
Possibly not? - New York 1969 not many tourists?

Question 17

[KEY WORD] Bystander Behaviour