Placentas of Domestic Animals

Question 1

what type of placenta do cows, pigs, horses, sheep and goats have?

Answer 1

epitheliochorial

Question 2

what type of placenta do dogs and cats have?

Answer 2

endotheliochorial

Question 3

what type of placenta do humans and rodents have?

Answer 3

hemochorial

Question 4

how many layers does endotheliochorial placenta have?

Answer 4

4 layers
substantial amounts of IgG antibodies can cross the placenta, so still need colostrum, but have a bunch of antibodies already.
in calves/foals/lambs, no antibodies can cross so that is why it is so critical that they get colostrum

Question 5

is a caruncle maternal or placental?

Answer 5

maternal part

Question 6

is a cotyledon maternal or placental?

Answer 6

placental

Question 7

what is the outer placental membrane?

Answer 7

chorioallantois

Question 8

where does the umbilical cord from the fetus attach?

Answer 8

chorioallantoic membrane
the urachus (fetal tube) takes urine from the fetal bladder to dump out into the allantoic cavity. when the fetus is born, the umbilical cord breaks off and there is 4 vessels in the stump: any of which can get infected

Question 9

what are the placental attachment sites?

Answer 9

cotyledons in the chorioallantoic membrane

Question 10

what animals have zonary placenta?

Answer 10

cats and dogs. is attached to the uterus in a ring/band around the puppy/area. not attached anywhere else

Question 11

what are marginal hematomas? are they cause for concern?

Answer 11

when an animal is born, sometimes may have vascular bleeding or blood at the margin. as RBC breakdown, they turn a little green. greenish marginal hematomas are NORMAL

Question 12

what are the difference between horse and cow cotyledons?

Answer 12

• cows have individual ones, and 40+ attachment sites
• in the horse, they are microscopic: a million or more microscopic versions. there are no gaps between them, so all these lil villi from the placenta interact with the mom’s uterus

Question 13

what are endometrial cups

Answer 13

placental tissue that has invaded mom’s uterus: forms a little ring around the base of the uterine horn. immunologically rejected around 120-150 days and then gone forever
- makes equine chorionic gonadotropin

Question 14

what makes up the placentome?

Answer 14

cotyledon: placental part
caruncle: maternal part

Question 15

what animals have caruncles in their uterus?

Answer 15

sheep and cow. whether they have ever been pregnant or not these exist. if she is pregnant, combo of fetal cotyledon and maternal caruncle forms the placentome. this is where all gas exchange occurs, nutrient exchange, and potentially antibodies in some species

Question 16

what type of cotyledons do horses have?

Answer 16

microcotyledons: microscopic. million or more microscopic versions