Places case study- Detroit Flashcards Preview

OCR A level Geography > Places case study- Detroit > Flashcards

Flashcards in Places case study- Detroit Deck (45)
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1
Q

Where is Detroit located?

A

In the state of Michigan, North America

2
Q

When did Henry Ford set up his first factory?

A

1910

3
Q

What was different about Henry Ford’s factory?

A

It used an assembly line

4
Q

How many dollars were workers paid and how many days did they work a week?

A

$5 and 5 days

5
Q

What was the impact of the factory jobs being well paid?

A

There was Mass immigration of predominately black people from the Southern states who came to seek work at the Ford Factories

6
Q

As well as Ford which other two car companies set up around 1910?

A

General motors and Chrysler

7
Q

What occurred in the 1930’s?

A

The great depression

8
Q

Why was the state of Michigan/Detroit affected more than other areas by the great depression?

A

The industrial economic base

9
Q

Give an example of a freeway built

A

8th mile bridge

10
Q

What were the impacts of the freeway networks being built?

A
  • increased demand for cars

- increased popularity of suburban homes

11
Q

What were the impacts of out of town shopping malls?

A
  • fewer people spent money in the city centre of Detroit

- especially wealthier people

12
Q

What occurred to the white population from the 1950s onwards?

A

-they began to move out of the city centre to the suburbs

13
Q

What were the key processes in the 1950s and 60s?

A
  • filtering
  • selective outmigration
  • suburbanisation
14
Q

How did so-called ‘white-flight’ affect the city in the first instance?

A
  • lower income black population left behind
  • tax base moved out of the city
  • neighbourhoods were left abandoned
  • urban doughnut effect
15
Q

How many people were killed in the 1967 riot?

A

43

16
Q

How many buildings were damaged in the 1967 riot?

A

2000

17
Q

What contributed to white flight occurring?

A
  • racial tension

- unrest and rioting

18
Q

What was the 1967 riot called?

A

The 12th Street riot

19
Q

About how much damage was caused by the 12th street riot?

A

Around $40 million

20
Q

Why were was the inner left to be predominately black?

A
  • the black population was poorer due to discrimination faced
  • therefore could not afford to move out
21
Q

What occurred in 1973?

A

The oil crisis, fuel prices increased

22
Q

What impacts did the oil crisis have?

A
  • American cars used more fuel so having an American car became more expensive
  • foreign cars (e.g German or Japanese) used less fuel so people began to buy them
23
Q

What happened to the sales of the big 3 following the oil crisis?

A

They decreased as they lost sales to European competition

24
Q

What were the impacts of the decrease in sales of the big 3?

A
  • industrial decline in manufacturing
  • dereliction a problem
  • unemployment rises, cheap cocaine gives people a route to make ‘easy’ money
  • further white flight
  • abandonment of housing
25
Q

What were the impacts of easily accessible cocaine?

A
  • increased anti-social behaviour
  • arson
  • looting
26
Q

What were the impacts in the loss of the tax base?

A
  • services were cut e.g public transport network closed

- so jobs lost

27
Q

When did easily-accessible cocaine begin to flood into the city?

A

1980s

28
Q

How has the decline in manufacturing affected migration?

A

-has meant very little net migration into the city

29
Q

How many schools were closed in 2009?

A

29

30
Q

Between which years were GM and Chrysler declared bankrupt?

A

2008-2009

31
Q

What effect did the global credit crunch have on abandonment?

A

It increased it

32
Q

In which year did the city of Detroit file for bankruptcy?

A

2013

33
Q

How in debt was the city of Detroit when it filed for bankruptcy?

A

$18 billion

34
Q

What were the effects of school closures?

A
  • demotivation of pupils
  • fewer young people getting qualifications
  • increased crime
35
Q

Why did the population begin to rapidly increase in 2010?

A

-the opening of the Ford factory

36
Q

What was the decrease in population of Detroit due to?

A
  • the failure of the big 3 motor companies to keep up with foreign competition
  • consequential closure of their factories
37
Q

Why was Detroit so in debt?

A
  • pension funds not paid
  • reduced taxes whilst still paying out
  • borrowed too much money
  • future obligations couldn’t be met
38
Q

Name 3 neighbourhoods in Detroit

A

Sherwood forest
Burbank
Brightmoor

39
Q

Describe the neighbourhood of Sherwood forest and how it has been affected by the economic and social changes within Detroit

A
  • remained stable
  • middle-class black community
  • 8 homes unoccupied
  • 33 lots vacant
  • has survived changes better than other neighbourhoods
40
Q

How many homes are unoccupied in Sherwood forest?

A

8

41
Q

How many lots are vacant in Sherwood forest?

A

33

42
Q

Describe the neighbourhood of Burbank and how it has been affected by the economic and social changes within Detroit

A
  • population loss in this area neighbourhood has been straggering
  • hit very hard by mortgage crisis
  • 7300 properties occupied
  • lower quality housing to be demolished
  • high instances of fire damage from arson
43
Q

Describe the neighbourhood of Brightmoor and how it has been affected by the economic and social changes within Detroit

A
  • high homicide and crime rates
  • good community groups
  • urban agriculture
  • 5000 structures unoccupied
  • lots of fire damage
  • lots of illegal dumping
44
Q

How did state and local governments make the situation worse?

A
  • bailed out companies not Detroit
  • enabled companies to afford to move out and undermine the economy further
  • private companies saved but not the jobs
45
Q

How were the motor companies responsible for social decline and inequality as a result of economic change?

A
  • moved production out of Detroit in order to oay cheaper costs leading to the undermining of jobs, families, and communities
  • wages decreased and did not increase again despite profit rises
  • unions undermined by company shareholders
  • failed to recognise competition and technology